Spring Cloud Feign是基于Netflix Feign实现,整合了Spring Cloud Riggon与Spring Cloud Hystrix,出了提供这二者的强大功能外,他还提供了一种声明式的Web服务客户端定义方式。java
在使用Spring Cloud Ribbon时,一般都会利用它对RestTemplate的请求拦截来实现对服务的调用,而RestTemplate已经实现了对HTTP请求的封装处理,造成了一套模板化的调用方法。git
添加对feign的依赖:github
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId> </dependency>
在主类使用注解开启Feign的功能:web
package cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.web.api; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients; @SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients public class OwlBookstoreWebApiApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OwlBookstoreWebApiApplication.class, args); } }
接着,建立调用接口,使用注解来消费服务:spring
package cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.web.api.service; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.facade.user.entity.User; import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.web.api.fallback.UserServiceFallbackFactory; @FeignClient(value = "SERVICE-USER", fallbackFactory = UserServiceFallbackFactory.class) public interface UserService { @RequestMapping(value = "/users/{email}/", method = RequestMethod.GET) Boolean isExistsByEmail(@PathVariable("email") String email); @RequestMapping(value = "/users/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET) User findById(@PathVariable("id") Long id); }
接口中声明的方法的参数与返回值,要与服务提供的方法一致。api
Feign自动开启了Ribbon中的负载均衡和hystrix断路器,要使用断路器先须要开启断路器:bash
feign: hystrix: enabled: true compression: request: enabled: true response: enabled: true
那么就能够使用服务降级来处理消费失败的服务,能够选择建立一个UserServiceFallback类:app
package cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.web.api.fallback; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.facade.user.entity.User; import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.web.api.service.UserService; @Component public class UserServiceFallback implements UserService { @Override public Boolean isExistsByEmail(String email) { return false; } @Override public User findById(Long id) { return null; } }
我在Feign中使用的是fallbackFactory来降级服务,使用该方式能够同时处理服务抛出的异常,建立一个UserServiceFallbackFactory类:负载均衡
package cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.web.api.fallback; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.facade.user.entity.User; import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.web.api.service.UserService; import feign.hystrix.FallbackFactory; @Component public class UserServiceFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<UserService> { @Override public UserService create(Throwable cause) { return new UserService() { @Override public Boolean isExistsByEmail(String email) { System.out.println(cause.getMessage()); return false; } @Override public User findById(Long id) { cause.printStackTrace(); System.out.println(cause.getMessage()); return null; } }; } }
全局配置的方法很简单:ide
ribbon.ConnectTimeout=500 ribbon.ReadTimeout=5000
指定服务配置:
[server-name].ribbon.ConnectTime=500 [server-name].ribbon.ReadTimeout=5000
Feign中默认实现了请求的重试机制,这里要注意,Ribbon的超时与Hystrix的超时彻底不一样。
对于Hystrix的配置与以前同样,默认配置也是用前缀hystrix.command.default就能够进行设置。