ListView中比较简单但又很是方便的ArrayAdapter。java
ArrayAdapter是BaseAdapter的派生类,在BaseAdapter的基础上,添加了一项重大的功能:能够直接使用泛型构造。android
先来看一个简单的例子:数组
@Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); ListView listView = (ListView) this.findViewById(R.id.list); UserAdapter adapter = new UserAdapter(this, R.layout.list_item); adapter.add(new User(10, "小智", "男")); adapter.add(new User(10, "小霞", "女")); listView.setAdapter(adapter); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } class UserAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<User> { private int mResourceId; public UserAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId) { super(context, textViewResourceId); this.mResourceId = textViewResourceId; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { User user = getItem(position); LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater(); View view = inflater.inflate(mResourceId, null); TextView nameText = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.name); TextView ageText = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.age); TextView sexText = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.sex); nameText.setText(user.getName()); ageText.setText(user.getAge()); sexText.setText(user.getSex()); return view; } } class User { private int mAge; private String mName; private String mSex; public User(int age, String name, String sex) { this.mAge = age; this.mName = name; this.mSex = sex; } public String getName() { return this.mName; } public String getAge() { return this.mAge + ""; } public String getSex() { return this.mSex; } }
这里自定义了一个ArrayAdapter,有关于Adapter的使用在以前的SimpleAdapter中已经涉及到了,因此这里直接就是以自定义的ArrayAdapter做为例子。
咱们这里须要将学生的信息罗列出来,须要三个TextView:ide
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:id="@+id/name" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/age" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/sex" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </LinearLayout>
在自定义ArrayAdapter的时候,最神奇的地方就是咱们能够指定ArrayAdapter绑定的数据类型,能够是基本数据类型,也能够是自定义的对象类型,像是此次的User类型。对于自定义的ArrayAdapter的构造方法,存在不少形式,此次是传进一个View的资源Id,可是咱们也能够指定绑定的数据类型。
ArrayAdapter的神奇之处就是咱们居然能够像是操做Array同样来操做ArrayAdapter!像是例子中的添加操做,而其余的适配器都是须要传进一个容器的。ArrayAdapter为何能够处理对象类型的数据呢?其实,ArrayAdapter是使用数组中对象的toString()方法来填充指定的TextView,因此咱们能够经过重写对象的toString()方法来自定义ListView的显示。布局
@Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { User user = getItem(position); LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater(); View view = inflater.inflate(mResourceId, null); TextView text = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.info); text.setText(user.toString()); return view; } class User { private int mAge; private String mName; private String mSex; public User(int age, String name, String sex) { this.mAge = age; this.mName = name; this.mSex = sex; } @Override public String toString() { return "姓名:" + mName + " " + "年龄:" + mAge + " " + "性别:" + mSex; } }
这样咱们能够只在一行中显示全部数据。this
使用ArrayAdapter最大的疑问就是咱们是否须要将一个现成的容器传入ArrayAdapter中?本来ArrayAdapter自己就用通常容器的基本操做,像是添加新的元素等,但它自己并不能完成当成容器使用,咱们更多的时候是要将一个容器中的元素交给ArrayAdapter,由后者决定它的显示形式。spa
class UserAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<User> { private int mResourceId; public UserAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, List<User> users) { super(context, textViewResourceId, users); this.mResourceId = textViewResourceId; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { User user = getItem(position); LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater(); View view = inflater.inflate(mResourceId, null); TextView text = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.info); text.setText(user.toString()); return view; } }
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>(); users.add(new User(10, "小智", "男")); users.add(new User(10, "小霞", "女")); UserAdapter adapter = new UserAdapter(this, R.layout.list_item, users); listView.setAdapter(adapter);
若是咱们将ArrayAdapter绑定的数据类型定义为Object,咱们能够自由的传入任何类型的容器而不须要任何有关类型转换的操做!code
ArrayAdapter不单单是能够显示TextView,它当让也像是其余Adapter同样,能够显示任何其余非TextView的组件:orm
@Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); ListView listView = (ListView) this.findViewById(R.id.list); List<Object> users = new ArrayList<Object>(); users.add(10); users.add(11); UserAdapter adapter = new UserAdapter(this, R.layout.list_item, R.id.info, users); listView.setAdapter(adapter); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } class UserAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Object> { private int mResourceId; public UserAdapter(Context context, int resourceId, int textViewResourceId, List<Object> users) { super(context, resourceId, textViewResourceId, users); this.mResourceId = resourceId; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { Object user = getItem(position); LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater(); View view = inflater.inflate(mResourceId, null); TextView text = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.info); text.setText(user.toString()); return view; } }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="点击" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/info" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </LinearLayout>
若是咱们的布局中须要其余组件,必须指定该布局中用于显示ArrayAdapter中数据的TextView的Id。xml
若是只是方便绑定数据的话,实际上是没有必要专门独立个ArrayAdapter出来,只要覆写getView()就能够,正如使用容器就是为了方便大量数据的处理同样的道理,使用ArrayAdapter也是为了处理数据较大的状况,像是超过100条或者频繁动态增删数据时,就可使用ArrayAdapter,并且,为了方便咱们刷新UI,ArrayAdapter也提供了setNotifyOnChange()方法,这样能够下降UI的处理量,使得刷新UI更加快速,主要是经过中止对add,insert,remove和clear的操做来实现这点。