Qt编写自定义控件6-指南针仪表盘

前言

指南针仪表盘,主要用来指示东南西北四个方位,双向对称两个指针旋转,其实就是360度打转,功能属于简单型,可能指针的绘制稍微难一点,须要计算多个点构成多边形,本系列控件文章将会连续发100+篇,一方面为了锻炼本身的毅力+坚持力,一方面为了宣传本身,若是各位对完整的源码有兴趣能够私聊,也欢迎在文章下面评论提出建议,谢谢!浏览器

实现的功能

  • 1:可设置当前度数
  • 2:可设置精确度
  • 3:可设置是否启用动画及步长
  • 4:可设置边框渐变颜色
  • 5:可设置背景渐变颜色
  • 6:可设置加深和明亮颜色
  • 7:可设置指南指北指针颜色
  • 8:可设置中心点渐变颜色

效果图

头文件代码

#ifndef GAUGECOMPASS_H
#define GAUGECOMPASS_H

/**
 * 指南针仪表盘控件 做者:feiyangqingyun(QQ:517216493) 2016-11-12
 * 1:可设置当前度数
 * 2:可设置精确度
 * 3:可设置是否启用动画及步长
 * 4:可设置边框渐变颜色
 * 5:可设置背景渐变颜色
 * 6:可设置加深和明亮颜色
 * 7:可设置指南指北指针颜色
 * 8:可设置中心点渐变颜色
 */

#include <QWidget>

#ifdef quc
#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(5,7,0))
#include <QtDesigner/QDesignerExportWidget>
#else
#include <QtUiPlugin/QDesignerExportWidget>
#endif

class QDESIGNER_WIDGET_EXPORT GaugeCompass : public QWidget
#else
class GaugeCompass : public QWidget
#endif

{
    Q_OBJECT
    Q_PROPERTY(double value READ getValue WRITE setValue)
    Q_PROPERTY(int precision READ getPrecision WRITE setPrecision)

    Q_PROPERTY(bool animation READ getAnimation WRITE setAnimation)
    Q_PROPERTY(double animationStep READ getAnimationStep WRITE setAnimationStep)

    Q_PROPERTY(QColor crownColorStart READ getCrownColorStart WRITE setCrownColorStart)
    Q_PROPERTY(QColor crownColorEnd READ getCrownColorEnd WRITE setCrownColorEnd)

    Q_PROPERTY(QColor bgColorStart READ getBgColorStart WRITE setBgColorStart)
    Q_PROPERTY(QColor bgColorEnd READ getBgColorEnd WRITE setBgColorEnd)

    Q_PROPERTY(QColor darkColor READ getDarkColor WRITE setDarkColor)
    Q_PROPERTY(QColor lightColor READ getLightColor WRITE setLightColor)

    Q_PROPERTY(QColor foreground READ getForeground WRITE setForeground)
    Q_PROPERTY(QColor textColor READ getTextColor WRITE setTextColor)

    Q_PROPERTY(QColor northPointerColor READ getNorthPointerColor WRITE setNorthPointerColor)
    Q_PROPERTY(QColor southPointerColor READ getSouthPointerColor WRITE setSouthPointerColor)

    Q_PROPERTY(QColor centerColorStart READ getCenterColorStart WRITE setCenterColorStart)
    Q_PROPERTY(QColor centerColorEnd READ getCenterColorEnd WRITE setCenterColorEnd)

public:
    explicit GaugeCompass(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~GaugeCompass();

protected:
    void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *);
    void drawCrownCircle(QPainter *painter);
    void drawBgCircle(QPainter *painter);
    void drawScale(QPainter *painter);
    void drawScaleNum(QPainter *painter);
    void drawCoverOuterCircle(QPainter *painter);
    void drawCoverInnerCircle(QPainter *painter);
    void drawCoverCenterCircle(QPainter *painter);
    void drawPointer(QPainter *painter);
    void drawCenterCircle(QPainter *painter);
    void drawValue(QPainter *painter);

private:
    double value;                   //目标值
    int precision;                  //精确度,小数点后几位

    bool animation;                 //是否启用动画显示
    double animationStep;           //动画显示时步长

    QColor crownColorStart;         //外边框渐变开始颜色
    QColor crownColorEnd;           //外边框渐变结束颜色

    QColor bgColorStart;            //背景渐变开始颜色
    QColor bgColorEnd;              //背景渐变结束颜色

    QColor darkColor;               //加深颜色
    QColor lightColor;              //明亮颜色

    QColor foreground;              //前景色
    QColor textColor;               //文字颜色

    QColor northPointerColor;       //北方指针颜色
    QColor southPointerColor;       //南方指针颜色

    QColor centerColorStart;        //中心圆渐变开始颜色
    QColor centerColorEnd;          //中心圆渐变结束颜色

    bool reverse;                   //是否倒退
    double currentValue;            //当前值
    QTimer *timer;                  //定时器绘制动画

private slots:
    void updateValue();

public:
    double getValue()               const;
    int getPrecision()              const;

    bool getAnimation()             const;
    double getAnimationStep()       const;

    QColor getCrownColorStart()     const;
    QColor getCrownColorEnd()       const;

    QColor getBgColorStart()        const;
    QColor getBgColorEnd()          const;

    QColor getDarkColor()           const;
    QColor getLightColor()          const;

    QColor getForeground()          const;
    QColor getTextColor()           const;

    QColor getNorthPointerColor()   const;
    QColor getSouthPointerColor()   const;

    QColor getCenterColorStart()    const;
    QColor getCenterColorEnd()      const;

    QSize sizeHint()                const;
    QSize minimumSizeHint()         const;

public Q_SLOTS:
    //设置目标值
    void setValue(double value);
    void setValue(int value);

    //设置精确度
    void setPrecision(int precision);

    //设置是否启用动画显示
    void setAnimation(bool animation);
    //设置动画显示的步长
    void setAnimationStep(double animationStep);

    //设置外边框渐变颜色
    void setCrownColorStart(const QColor &crownColorStart);
    void setCrownColorEnd(const QColor &crownColorEnd);

    //设置背景渐变颜色
    void setBgColorStart(const QColor &bgColorStart);
    void setBgColorEnd(const QColor &bgColorEnd);

    //设置加深和明亮颜色
    void setDarkColor(const QColor &darkColor);
    void setLightColor(const QColor &lightColor);

    //设置前景色
    void setForeground(const QColor &foreground);
    //设置文本颜色
    void setTextColor(const QColor &textColor);

    //设置指针颜色
    void setNorthPointerColor(const QColor &northPointerColor);
    void setSouthPointerColor(const QColor &southPointerColor);

    //设置中心圆颜色
    void setCenterColorStart(const QColor &centerColorStart);
    void setCenterColorEnd(const QColor &centerColorEnd);

Q_SIGNALS:
    void valueChanged(int value);
};

#endif // GAUGECOMPASS_H

核心代码

void GaugeCompass::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *)
{
    int width = this->width();
    int height = this->height();
    int side = qMin(width, height);

    //绘制准备工做,启用反锯齿,平移坐标轴中心,等比例缩放
    QPainter painter(this);
    painter.setRenderHints(QPainter::Antialiasing | QPainter::TextAntialiasing);
    painter.translate(width / 2, height / 2);
    painter.scale(side / 200.0, side / 200.0);

    //绘制外边框圆
    drawCrownCircle(&painter);
    //绘制背景圆
    drawBgCircle(&painter);
    //绘制刻度
    drawScale(&painter);
    //绘制东南西北标识
    drawScaleNum(&painter);
    //绘制覆盖圆外圆
    drawCoverOuterCircle(&painter);
    //绘制覆盖圆内圆
    drawCoverInnerCircle(&painter);
    //绘制覆盖圆中心圆
    drawCoverCenterCircle(&painter);
    //绘制南北指针
    drawPointer(&painter);
    //绘制中心圆
    drawCenterCircle(&painter);
    //绘制当前值
    drawValue(&painter);
}

void GaugeCompass::drawCrownCircle(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 99;
    painter->save();
    painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    QLinearGradient lineGradient(0, -radius, 0, radius);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(0, crownColorStart);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(1, crownColorEnd);
    painter->setBrush(lineGradient);
    painter->drawEllipse(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    painter->restore();
}

void GaugeCompass::drawBgCircle(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 90;
    painter->save();
    painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    QLinearGradient lineGradient(0, -radius, 0, radius);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(0, bgColorStart);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(1, bgColorEnd);
    painter->setBrush(lineGradient);
    painter->drawEllipse(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    painter->restore();
}

void GaugeCompass::drawScale(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 85;
    painter->save();

    //总共8格,4格为NESW字母,4格为线条
    int steps = 8;
    double angleStep = 360.0 / steps;

    QPen pen;
    pen.setColor(foreground);
    pen.setCapStyle(Qt::RoundCap);
    pen.setWidth(4);    
    painter->setPen(pen);

    //%2整数部分绘制NESW字母,其他绘制线条刻度
    for (int i = 0; i <= steps; i++) {
        if (i % 2 != 0) {
            painter->drawLine(0, radius - 10, 0, radius);
        }

        painter->rotate(angleStep);
    }

    painter->restore();
}

void GaugeCompass::drawScaleNum(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 88;
    painter->save();
    painter->setPen(foreground);

    QFont font;
    font.setPixelSize(15);
    font.setBold(true);
    painter->setFont(font);

    QRect textRect = QRect(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    painter->drawText(textRect, Qt::AlignTop | Qt::AlignHCenter, "N");
    painter->drawText(textRect, Qt::AlignBottom | Qt::AlignHCenter, "S");

    radius -= 2;
    textRect = QRect(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    painter->drawText(textRect, Qt::AlignLeft | Qt::AlignVCenter, "W");

    radius -= 2;
    textRect = QRect(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    painter->drawText(textRect, Qt::AlignRight | Qt::AlignVCenter, "E");

    painter->restore();
}

void GaugeCompass::drawCoverOuterCircle(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 68;
    painter->save();
    painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    QLinearGradient lineGradient(0, -radius, 0, radius);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(0, lightColor);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(1, darkColor);
    painter->setBrush(lineGradient);
    painter->drawEllipse(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    painter->restore();
}

void GaugeCompass::drawCoverInnerCircle(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 60;
    painter->save();
    painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    QLinearGradient lineGradient(0, -radius, 0, radius);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(0, darkColor);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(1, lightColor);
    painter->setBrush(lineGradient);
    painter->drawEllipse(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    painter->restore();
}

void GaugeCompass::drawCoverCenterCircle(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 15;
    painter->save();
    painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    painter->setOpacity(0.8);
    QLinearGradient lineGradient(0, -radius, 0, radius);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(0, lightColor);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(1, darkColor);
    painter->setBrush(lineGradient);
    painter->drawEllipse(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    painter->restore();
}

void GaugeCompass::drawPointer(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 75;

    QPolygon pts;

    painter->save();
    painter->setOpacity(0.7);
    painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    painter->setBrush(northPointerColor);
    pts.setPoints(3, -10, 0, 10, 0, 0, radius);
    painter->rotate(currentValue + 180);
    painter->drawConvexPolygon(pts);
    painter->restore();

    painter->save();
    painter->setOpacity(0.7);
    painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    painter->setBrush(southPointerColor);
    pts.setPoints(3, -10, 0, 10, 0, 0, radius);
    painter->rotate(currentValue);
    painter->drawConvexPolygon(pts);
    painter->restore();
}

void GaugeCompass::drawCenterCircle(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 12;
    painter->save();
    painter->setOpacity(1.0);
    painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    QLinearGradient lineGradient(0, -radius, 0, radius);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(0, centerColorStart);
    lineGradient.setColorAt(1, centerColorEnd);
    painter->setBrush(lineGradient);
    painter->drawEllipse(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    painter->restore();
}

void GaugeCompass::drawValue(QPainter *painter)
{
    int radius = 100;
    painter->save();
    painter->setPen(textColor);

    QFont font;
    font.setPixelSize(11);
    font.setBold(true);
    painter->setFont(font);

    QRectF textRect(-radius, -radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);
    QString strValue = QString("%1").arg((double)value, 0, 'f', precision);
    painter->drawText(textRect, Qt::AlignCenter, strValue);
    painter->restore();
}

控件介绍

  1. 超过130个精美控件,涵盖了各类仪表盘、进度条、进度球、指南针、曲线图、标尺、温度计、导航条、导航栏,flatui、高亮按钮、滑动选择器、农历等。远超qwt集成的控件数量。
  2. 每一个类均可以独立成一个单独的控件,零耦合,每一个控件一个头文件和一个实现文件,不依赖其余文件,方便单个控件以源码形式集成到项目中,较少代码量。qwt的控件类环环相扣,高度耦合,想要使用其中一个控件,必须包含全部的代码。
  3. 所有纯Qt编写,QWidget+QPainter绘制,支持Qt4.6到Qt5.12的任何Qt版本,支持mingw、msvc、gcc等编译器,不乱码,可直接集成到Qt Creator中,和自带的控件同样使用,大部分效果只要设置几个属性便可,极为方便。
  4. 每一个控件都有一个对应的单独的包含该控件源码的DEMO,方便参考使用。同时还提供一个全部控件使用的集成的DEMO。
  5. 每一个控件的源代码都有详细中文注释,都按照统一设计规范编写,方便学习自定义控件的编写。
  6. 每一个控件默认配色和demo对应的配色都很是精美。
  7. 超过120个可见控件,6个不可见控件。
  8. 部分控件提供多种样式风格选择,多种指示器样式选择。
  9. 全部控件自适应窗体拉伸变化。
  10. 集成自定义控件属性设计器,支持拖曳设计,所见即所得,支持导入导出xml格式。
  11. 自带activex控件demo,全部控件能够直接运行在ie浏览器中。
  12. 集成fontawesome图形字体+阿里巴巴iconfont收藏的几百个图形字体,享受图形字体带来的乐趣。
  13. 全部控件最后生成一个dll动态库文件,能够直接集成到qtcreator中拖曳设计使用。

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