6.5 zip压缩工具 6.6 tar打包 6.7 打包并压缩

时间 2019-11-09

标签 6.5 zip 压缩工具 6.6 tar 打包 6.7 栏目数据压缩繁體版

原文原文链接

6.5 zip压缩工具

zip命令能够用来解压缩文件，或者对文件进行打包操做。zip是个使用普遍的压缩程序，文件经它压缩后会另外产生具备“.zip”扩展名的压缩文件。linux

注意： zip既能够压缩目录文件也能够压缩普通文件。数组

语法： zip [options] [file name.zip] [file name]工具

说明： zip后面先跟目标文件名，也就是自定义的压缩包名，而后跟源文件名。spa

options:unix

-r：压缩目录文件时使用，表示级联压缩，连通目录内文件一同压缩code

安装zip工具

[root@cham3 d6z]# yum install -y zip

压缩普通文件ip

[root@cham3 d6z]# zip 1.txt.zip 1.txt
  adding: 1.txt (deflated 73%)
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh 1.txt.zip
548K	1.txt.zip
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt  1.txt.zip  2  2.txt  2.txt.gz  2.txt.zip  3.txt  4.txt  chamlinux

说明： 使用zip压缩文件时，源文件不会被删除。io

压缩目录文件test

[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux
8.0M	chamlinux
[root@cham3 d6z]# zip -r cham.zip 3.txt chamlinux
  adding: 3.txt (deflated 73%)
  adding: chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/2/4.txt (deflated 73%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/1.txt (deflated 57%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham1/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/.ch (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/ch.log (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/88.txt (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/ping/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt (deflated 2%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt (deflated 73%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt (deflated 73%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt (deflated 73%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
  adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt  1.txt.zip  2  2.txt  2.txt.gz  2.txt.zip  3.txt  4.txt  chamlinux  cham.zip
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh cham.zip 
2.7M	cham.zip

解压缩（须要安装unzip）可视化

[root@cham3 d6z]# yum install -y unzip

[root@cham3 d6z]# unzip cham.zip
Archive:  cham.zip
replace 3.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
  inflating: 3.txt                   
replace chamlinux/2/4.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
  inflating: chamlinux/2/4.txt       
replace chamlinux/tmp/1.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: A
  inflating: chamlinux/tmp/1.txt     
 extracting: chamlinux/tmp/.ch       
 extracting: chamlinux/tmp/ch.log    
 extracting: chamlinux/tmp/88.txt    
  inflating: chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt  
 extracting: chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt   
 extracting: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz  
  inflating: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt  
  inflating: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt  
  inflating: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt  
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt  1.txt.zip  2  2.txt  2.txt.gz  2.txt.zip  3.txt  4.txt  chamlinux  cham.zip

说明： 因zip压缩文件时不删除源文件，因此在相同目录进行解压缩时会提示：‘replace 1.txt? ’。

[root@cham3 d6z]# mkdir test
[root@cham3 d6z]# unzip 1.txt.zip -d test/
Archive:  1.txt.zip
  inflating: test/1.txt

说明： 解压时能够指定目录，可是不能指定其解压后的文件名。

查看压缩文件

[root@cham3 d6z]# unzip -l cham.zip
Archive:  cham.zip
  Length      Date    Time    Name
---------  ---------- -----   ----
  2086279  11-09-2017 11:41   3.txt
        0  11-09-2017 21:07   chamlinux/
        0  11-09-2017 21:10   chamlinux/2/
  2086279  11-09-2017 21:10   chamlinux/2/4.txt
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
     1053  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/cham/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/.ch
        3  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
        7  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/ping/
       41  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
       10  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
       35  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
  2086279  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
  2086279  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
  2086279  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
        0  11-09-2017 21:04   chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
---------                     -------
 10432544                     33 files
[root@cham3 d6z]#

说明： zip压缩文件只能使用‘unzip -l’查看其文件目录，没法查看文件内容

6.6 tar打包

tar命令是Unix/Linux系统中备份文件的可靠方法，几乎能够工做于任何环境中，它的使用权限是全部用户。

语法： tar [options] [filename]
options:
-c：创建一个tar包或者压缩文件包
-f：指定目标文件名，若是多个参数组合使用时，把-f放在最后面
-z：同时用gzip压缩
-j：同时用bzip2压缩
-J：同时用xz压缩
-t：查看包里面的文件 -v：可视化
--exclude：后面跟文件名，表示打包除了该文件以外的内容

打包

打包目录文件

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf chamlinux.tar chamlinux/
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt  1.txt.zip  2  2.txt  2.txt.gz  2.txt.zip  3.txt  4.txt  chamlinux  chamlinux.tar  cham.zip  test
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cf chamlinux.tar chamlinux/
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt  1.txt.zip  2  2.txt  2.txt.gz  2.txt.zip  3.txt  4.txt  chamlinux  chamlinux.tar  cham.zip  test

说明： 打包不会删除源文件，当某.tar文件已经存在时，再次打包会直接覆盖该文件，无任何提示。

打包普通文件

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf 2.tar 2.txt
2.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt  1.txt.zip  2  2.tar  2.txt  2.txt.gz  2.txt.zip  3.txt  4.txt  chamlinux  chamlinux.tar  cham.zip  test
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh 2.tar
12K	2.tar

同时打包目录文件和普通文件

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf chamlinux.tar chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux.tar 
12M	chamlinux.tar
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt  1.txt.zip  2  2.txt  2.txt.gz  2.txt.zip  3.txt  4.txt  chamlinux  chamlinux.tar  cham.zip  test

查看包内内容

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -tf chamlinux.tar
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt

选择性打包（--exclude）

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf  chamlinux.tar --exclude 2  chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
打包除了目录2之外的文件
chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt



[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf  chamlinux.tar --exclude 2 --exclude 1.txt  chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
打包除了目录2 和 1.txt之外的文件
chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf  chamlinux.tar --exclude "*.txt"  chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
打包除了“.txt”之外的文件
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log

解包

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar xvf chamlinux.tar
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt

说明： 解包时，若是该文件已经存在则会直接覆盖，无任何提示。

6.7 打包并压缩

语法： tar [options] [filename]
options:
-z：同时用gzip压缩
-j：同时用bzip2压缩
-J：同时用xz压缩

打包并压缩

打包并用gzip压缩

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -czvf chamlinux.tar.gz chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux.tar.gz
3.2M	chamlinux.tar.gz
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
8.0M	chamlinux
2.0M	3.txt
2.0M	4.txt

打包并用bzip2压缩

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cjvf chamlinux.tar.bz2 chamlinux
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux.tar.bz2
580K	chamlinux.tar.bz2

打包并用xz压缩

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cJvf chamlinux.tar.xz chamlinux
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux.tar.xz
44K	chamlinux.tar.xz

查看包内容

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -tf chamlinux.tar.bz2
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -tf chamlinux.tar.xz
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -tf chamlinux.tar.gz
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt

解包解压缩

示例：解包并解压xz格式的包

[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -Jxvf chamlinux.tar.xz
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt

说明： 其他两种压缩格式同理。