Amoeba实现mysql读写分离

时间 2019-11-21

原文原文链接

1 简介前端

Amoeba(变形虫)项目是一个开源框架，于2008年开始发布一款 Amoeba for Mysql软件；这个软件致力于MySQL的分布式数据库前端代理层，它主要在应用层访问MySQL的时候充当SQL路由功能，专一于分布式数据库代理层（Database Proxy）开发；位于 Client、DB Server(s)之间,对客户端透明；具备负载均衡、高可用性、SQL 过滤、读写分离、可路由相关的请求到目标数据库、可并发请求多台数据库并合并结果；经过Amoeba你可以完成多数据源的高可用、负载均衡、数据切片的功能，目前Amoeba已在不少企业的生产线上面使用；java

2 环境准备mysql

mysql使用原有一主两从环境的四台机器，主从环境保持不变sql

mysql主 192.168.0.201
mysql从 192.168.0.202
mysql从 192.168.0.203
amoeba 192.168.0.204数据库

mysql具体环境安装配置以及主从设置能够参考上一篇文章http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-ulpmlxqt-k.htmlvim

保持原有的一主两从环境正常使用，下面内容主要是amoeba的部署配置及使用
bash

3 amoeba的安装配置服务器

3.1 先安装java
yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk* -y并发

[root@localhost ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_212"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_212-b04)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.212-b04, mixed mode)

设置环境变量app

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.212.b04-0.el7_6.x86_64
正式环境请在/etc/profile 中声明

3.2 安装amoeba

下载安装包

两个地址选一个
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/amoeba/files/Amoeba%20for%20mysql/3.x/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip
wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/amoeba/Amoeba%20for%20mysql/3.x/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip

解压amoeba包：

  unzip amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip
 cd amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC

建立数据库受权用户：

在master和salve数据库中给amoeba受权一个mysql远程帐户（一主两从都要建立帐户）

 mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'amoeba'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'amoeba' WITH GRANT OPTION;
 mysql> flush privileges;
 
 并在主库上建立一个test数据库，供默认链接使用
 mysql> create database test;
 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

3.3 修改配置文件dbServers.xml和amoeba.xml

cd amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/
 
 修改 jvm.properties  根据本身机器内存大小调整  （调整-Xss为512k，默认的过小了）
 JVM_OPTIONS="-server -Xms256m -Xmx1024m -Xss512k -XX:PermSize=16m -XX:MaxPermSize=96m"
 
 cd conf/
 修改dbServers.xml
    vim dbServers.xml
        <dbServer name="abstractServer" abstractive="true">
                <factoryConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory">
                        <property name="connectionManager">${defaultManager}</property>
                        <property name="sendBufferSize">64</property>
                        <property name="receiveBufferSize">128</property>

                        <!-- mysql port -->
                        <property name="port">3306</property>   ## master和slave的数据库端口

                        <!-- mysql schema -->
                        <property name="schema">test</property>   ##默认链接的数据库，必须保持以前建立的有

                        <!-- mysql user -->
                        <property name="user">amoeba</property>    ##受权的数据库用户

                        <property name="password">amoeba</property>    ##受权的数据库密码
                </factoryConfig>

                <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.toolkit.common.poolable.PoolableObjectPool">
                        <property name="maxActive">500</property>
                        <property name="maxIdle">500</property>
                        <property name="minIdle">1</property>
                        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property>
                        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property>
                        <property name="testOnBorrow">true</property>
                        <property name="testOnReturn">true</property>
                        <property name="testWhileIdle">true</property>
                </poolConfig>
        </dbServer>

        <dbServer name="master"  parent="abstractServer">   ##设置定义主机master
                <factoryConfig>
                        <!-- mysql ip -->
                        <property name="ipAddress">192.168.0.201</property>  ##master对应ip
                </factoryConfig>
        </dbServer>

        <dbServer name="slave1"  parent="abstractServer">        ##设置定义主机slave1
                <factoryConfig>
                        <!-- mysql ip -->
                        <property name="ipAddress">192.168.0.202</property> ##slave1对应ip
                </factoryConfig>
        </dbServer>

        <dbServer name="slave2"  parent="abstractServer">        ##设置对应主机slave2
                <factoryConfig>
                        <!-- mysql ip -->
                        <property name="ipAddress">192.168.0.203</property>  ##slave2对应ip
                </factoryConfig>
        </dbServer>

        <dbServer name="readservers" virtual="true">    ##设置只读链接池readservers
                <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
                        <!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
                        <property name="loadbalance">1</property>

                        <!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
                        <property name="poolNames">slave1,slave2</property>   ##添加只读主机
                </poolConfig>
        </dbServer>
    
---------------------

vim amoeba.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>

<!DOCTYPE amoeba:configuration SYSTEM "amoeba.dtd">
<amoeba:configuration xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">

        <proxy>

                <!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
                <service name="Amoeba for Mysql" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MySQLService">
                        <!-- port -->
                        <property name="port">8066</property>   ##默认amoeba的链接端口

                        <!-- bind ipAddress -->
                        <!-- 
                        <property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property> ##amoeba 的本机ip
                         -->

                        <property name="connectionFactory">
                                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory">
                                        <property name="sendBufferSize">128</property>
                                        <property name="receiveBufferSize">64</property>
                                </bean>
                        </property>

                        <property name="authenticateProvider">
                                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">

                                        <property name="user">root</property> ##设置链接8066端口的帐户

                                        <property name="password">123456</property> ##设置密码

                                        <property name="filter">
                                                <bean class="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.authenticate.server.IPAccessController">
                                                        <property name="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>
                                                </bean>
                                        </property>
                                </bean>
                        </property>

                </service>

                <runtime class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext">

                        <!-- proxy server client process thread size -->
                        <property name="executeThreadSize">128</property>

                        <!-- per connection cache prepared statement size  -->
                        <property name="statementCacheSize">500</property>

                        <!-- default charset -->
                        <property name="serverCharset">utf8</property>

                        <!-- query timeout( default: 60 second , TimeUnit:second) -->
                        <property name="queryTimeout">60</property>
                </runtime>

        </proxy>

        <!-- 
                Each ConnectionManager will start as thread
                manager responsible for the Connection IO read , Death Detection
        -->
        <connectionManagerList>
                <connectionManager name="defaultManager" class="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper">
                        <property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.toolkit.net.AuthingableConnectionManager</property>
                </connectionManager>
        </connectionManagerList>

                <!-- default using file loader -->
        <dbServerLoader class="com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader">
                <property name="configFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml</property>
        </dbServerLoader>

        <queryRouter class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter">
                <property name="ruleLoader">
                        <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader">
                                <property name="ruleFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property>
                                <property name="functionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property>
                        </bean>
                </property>
                <property name="sqlFunctionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property>
                <property name="LRUMapSize">1500</property>
                
                <property name="defaultPool">master</property>  ##设置默认链接服务器
                

                <property name="writePool">master</property>   ##设置写服务器
                <property name="readPool">readservers</property> #设置读服务器，链接池

                <property name="needParse">true</property>
        </queryRouter>
</amoeba:configuration>

----------------------------------

3.4 启动amoeba

/home/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher > /var/log/amoeba.log 2>&1 &

3.5 链接amoeba 验证可否建立查询数据库

[root@localhost amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P 8066
MySQL [(none)]> create database newtest;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| lili               |
| masu               |
| mysql              |
| newtest            |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
| yan                |
+--------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

建立成功

MySQL [(none)]> use yan
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MySQL [yan]> select * from tom;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name      | age  |
+----+-----------+------+
|  1 | zhangshan |   20 |
|  2 | wangwu    |    7 |
|  3 | lisi      |   23 |
+----+-----------+------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

-------------------------------------

3.6 从机器验证读的负载

先查看从机器Value 值
mysql202> show  global  status like 'Question%'; 
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Questions     | 56    |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql203> show  global  status like 'Question%'; 
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Questions     | 56    |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

ameoba执行一次select * from tom;

查看slave机器查询状态
mysql202> show  global  status like 'Question%'; 
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Questions     | 57    |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql203> show  global  status like 'Question%'; 
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Questions     | 58    |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

显然访问的是203，步长为2的即为访问的机器）

经验证，ameoba再执行一次select * from tom;  202的 Value 值变为59,203为59,202的机器是查询访问机器。
由上面可知 读的负载均衡也是成功的。
且主机器上没有步长增长2，说明查询命令都在slave机器上分发执行了，由此推测读写已经分离。


若是想验证写是否真正分离，能够将salve的同步停掉--slave stop
而后在ameoba上执行建立数据库命令，回到三个数据库机器验证，查询下是否只有主机器上有新数据库。