Spring boot 中自定义JpaRepository使用

普通JpaRepository类

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee,Long>{
}

JpaRepository通常的筛选查询，都可以经过findBy的形式解决，总的很好用，可是总有一部分的业务查询是须要JpaRepository不能解决的。这个时候，就须要在此基础上面增长自定义的Repository类了。

自定义Repository类

接口类

import java.util.List;
public interface EmployeeRepositoryCustom {
    List<Employee> getFirstNamesLike(String firstName);
}

实现类

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import javax.persistence.Query;
import java.util.List;

@Repository
public class EmployeeRepositoryImpl implements EmployeeRepositoryCustom {
    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager entityManager;
    @Override
    public List<Employee> getFirstNamesLike(String firstName) {
        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("SELECT em.* FROM spring_data_jpa_example.employee as em " +
                "WHERE em.firstname LIKE ?", Employee.class);
        query.setParameter(1, firstName + "%");
        return query.getResultList();
    }
}

**Note:**实现类的命名必须是这里实现类的命名bean名+RepositoryImpl；这里注入了EntityManager，关于它的标准查询，使用我放在后面再提。

使用自定义类Repository类

@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee,Long>, EmployeeRepositoryCustom {
}

依旧按照JpaRepository的使用方式，只要简单继承就能够了。

EntityManager的标准查询

若是不想在java代码里面涉及太多的sql字符串，应该按照EntityManager的标准查询方式，进行数据库查询，以下：

@Repository
public class EmployeeRepositoryImpl implements EmployeeRepositoryCustom {
    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager entityManager;
    @Override
    public List<Employee> getFirstNamesLike(String firstName) {
        // Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("SELECT em.* FROM spring_data_jpa_example.employee as em " +
        //         "WHERE em.firstname LIKE ?", Employee.class);
        // query.setParameter(1, firstName + "%");
		// return query.getResultList();
		
		CriteriaBuilder builder = entityManager.getCriteriaBuilder();
		CriteriaQuery<Employee> query = builder.createQuery(Employee.class);
		Root<Employee> root = query.from(Employee.class);
		Predicate predicate = builder.conjunction();

		predicate = builder.and(predicate,  builder.like(root.get("firstname"), "张三"));
		query.where(predicate);

		return entityManager.createQuery(query).getResultList();
    }
}

参考：

REST Query Language with Spring and JPA Criteria

1. Working with Spring Data Repositories

Add Custom Functionality to a Spring Data Repository