一,H3C简介
H3C的前身华为3COM公司,是华为与美国3COM公司的公司,2007年,公司正式改名为“杭州华三通讯技术有限公司”简称"H3C"。
当前数据通讯市场主要分为电信运营商和企业网市场,华为一直专一于运营商市场,而H3C主要专一于企业网市场。Cisco的业务则横跨运营商和企业网市场,并在这两个市场上保持必定的领先地位。在运营商市场上华为是Cisco的主要对手,在企业网市场上H3C是Cisco的主要对手node
* H3C产品体系服务器
ER系列路由器,MSR系列路由器,SR系列路由器网络
* 路由器产品session
* 交换机产品app
* 数据中心交换机产品tcp
二,NATide
静态地址转换: 外部网络和内部网络之间的地址映射关系在配置中肯定。适用于内部网络与外部网络之间少许固定访问需求。静态地址转换支持两种方式:一对一静态转换映射、网段对网段静态转换映射oop
Easy_ip:经过配置easy ip功能,实现直接使用接口的ip地址做为转换后的报文源地址。测试
三,策略路由
依据用户制定的策略进行路由选择的机制,改变路由表的默认转发机制。路由策略就是按照路由表的设置转发,策略路由分接口策略路由和本地策略路由ui
策略路由分为两种:ip单播策略路由和ip组播策略路由。无论是单播策略路由仍是组播策略路由,其配置须要作两方面的工做:一是定义哪些须要使用策略路由的报文;二是为这些报文指定路由,这能够经过对一个route-policy的定义来实现
四,案例拓扑
1)路由器配置要求:当其中任意一条外部光纤中断时,另外一条光纤可备份其下属的网段访问internet服务或教育网资源。
(2)Nat配置要求:出口路由器的两个出口都能同时使用校园内网的私有网段作nat后访问外部资源。教育网出口接口处还配置了nat server,使内部的教学网段的某个ip服务器对教育网提供telnet访问服务。
(3)策略路由配置要求:校园网内的教学用网段192.168.3.0/24主要经过教育网访问外部资源,而校舍网段192.168.2.0/24主要经过电信出口访问Internet资源。当教育专网的光纤故障时,校舍网段能够经过电信出口访问相关教育网资源,当电信的光纤线路故障时,校舍网段能够经过专网出口访问相关资源
1.配置pc1
(每一个设备第一次开启须要按下ctrl+d才可配置)
[PC1]int g0/0 [PC1-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 192.168.2.100 255.255.255.0 [PC1-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown [PC1-GigabitEthernet0/0]quit [PC1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 //配置默认网关
2.pc2配置
[PC2]int g0/0 [PC2-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 192.168.3.100 255.255.255.0 [PC2-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown [PC2-GigabitEthernet0/0]quit [PC2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1
3.server服务器配置
[server]int g0/0 [server-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 192.168.3.250 255.255.255.0 [server-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown [server-GigabitEthernet0/0]quit [server]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1
4.SW1配置
[sw1]vlan 2 [sw1-vlan2]vlan 3 //建立VLAN [sw1-vlan3]quit [sw1]int vlan 1 //待会用VLAN1与R1互通 [sw1-Vlan-interface1]ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 [sw1-Vlan-interface1]undo shutdown [sw1-Vlan-interface1]int vlan 2 [sw1-Vlan-interface2]ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 [sw1-Vlan-interface2]undo shutdown [sw1-Vlan-interface2]int vlan 3 [sw1-Vlan-interface3]ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 [sw1-Vlan-interface3]undo shutdown [sw1-Vlan-interface3]int g1/0/6 [sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/6]port access vlan 2 [sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/6]int g1/0/7 [sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/7]port access vlan 3 [sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/7]int g1/0/8 [sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/8]port access vlan 3 //将接口加入相应的vlan中
5。配置R1
[R1]int g0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 202.202.202.2 255.255.255.252 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]int g0/1 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip add 200.200.200.2 29 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]undo shutdown [R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]int g0/2 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/2]port link-mode bridge 将接口改成桥接模式 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/2]int vlan 1 [R1-Vlan-interface1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24 [R1-Vlan-interface1]undo shutdown
6.配置R2
[R2]int g0/0 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 202.202.202.1 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0]int g0/1 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip add 222.222.222.1 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/1]undo shutdown [R2-GigabitEthernet0/1]int loop 0 [R2-LoopBack0]ip add 202.202.0.1 32
7.配置R3
[R3]int g0/0 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 222.222.222.2 30 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0]int g0/1 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip add 200.200.200.1 29 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/1]undo shutdown [R3-GigabitEthernet0/1]int g0/2 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/2]ip add 202.1.1.1 24 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/2]undo shutdown
8.配置PC3
[pc3]int g0/0 [pc3-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 202.1.1.2 24 [pc3-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown [pc3-GigabitEthernet0/0]quit [pc3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 202.1.1.1
9.sw1配置默认路由
[sw1] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1
指向R1 vlan1 的ip
10.R1配置静态路由和ospf
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 [R1]ospf 1 [R1-ospf-1]area 0 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
11.R2配置ospf
[R2]ospf 1 [R2-ospf-1]area 0 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
12.R3配置ospf
[R3]ospf 1 [R3-ospf-1]area 0 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
13.R1配置NAT
[R1]acl basic 2001 //基本ACL,编号范围为2000~29999 [R1-acl-ipv4-basic-2001]rule 0 permit source 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 [R1-acl-ipv4-basic-2001]rule 5 permit source 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 [R1-acl-ipv4-basic-2001]rule 10 deny [R1-acl-ipv4-basic-2001]int g0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]port link-mode route [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]description link_to_tel [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]nat outbound 2001 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]int g0/1 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]port link-mode route [R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]description link_to_end [R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]nat outbound 2001
14.验证PC1是否可以ping通R2路由器上的loopback接口地址
验证PC1pingPC3
15.在R1路由器查看NAT转换表
[R1]display nat session verbose Slot 0: Initiator: Source IP/port: 192.168.2.100/44032 //源地址是192.168.2.100 Destination IP/port: 202.202.0.1/2048 //目标地址是202.202.0.1 DS-Lite tunnel peer: - instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/- Protocol: ICMP(1) Inbound interface: Vlan-interface1 Responder: Source IP/port: 202.202.0.1/3 //202.202.0.1的返回流量 Destination IP/port: 202.202.202.2/0 //200.200.200.2接口进入内网 DS-Lite tunnel peer: - instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/- Protocol: ICMP(1) Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet0/0 State: ICMP_REPLY Application: OTHER Start time: 2019-10-29 07:48:16 TTL: 28s Initiator->Responder: 0 packets 0 bytes Responder->Initiator: 0 packets 0 bytes Initiator: Source IP/port: 192.168.2.100/43776 //源地址是192.168.2.100 Destination IP/port: 202.1.1.2/2048 //目标地址是200.1.1.2 DS-Lite tunnel peer: - instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/- Protocol: ICMP(1) Inbound interface: Vlan-interface1 Responder: Source IP/port: 202.1.1.2/3 //202.1.1.2的返回流量 Destination IP/port: 200.200.200.2/0 //200.200.200.2接口进入内网 DS-Lite tunnel peer: - instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/- Protocol: ICMP(1) Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet0/1 State: ICMP_REPLY Application: OTHER Start time: 2019-10-29 07:47:47 TTL: 0s Initiator->Responder: 0 packets 0 bytes Responder->Initiator: 0 packets 0 bytes Total sessions found: 2
16.R1配置策略路由
[R1]acl advanced 3001 //高级ACL,标号范围为3000~3999 [R1-acl-ipv4-adv-3001]rule 0 permit ip source 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 //抓取192.168.3.0/24网段的数据流 [R1-acl-ipv4-adv-3001]quit [R1]policy-based-route al permit node 10 //配置策略路由 [R1-pbr-al-10]if-match acl 3001 [R1-pbr-al-10]apply next-hop 200.200.200.1 //执行此动做,下一跳指向200.200.200.1 [R1-pbr-al-10]quit [R1]policy-based-route al permit node 20 //空结点,放行其余不匹配的数据流 [R1-pbr-al-20]quit [R1]int Vlan-interface 1 [R1-Vlan-interface1]ip policy-based-route al //在此接口下应用策略路由,由于须要作策略路由的数据包都是从这个接口下转发过来的
17.测试pc1pingpc3,并查看nat转换表
[R1]display nat session verbose
**18.R1配置NAT server***
[R1]int g0/1 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]nat server protocol tcp global 200.200.200.2 23 inside 192.168.3.250 23
19.server开启Telnet
[server]telnet server enable //默认就是开启,能够省略 [server]local-user admin //建立本地用户admin New local user added. [server-luser-manage-admin]password simple benet //配置明文密码“benet” [server-luser-manage-admin]service-type telnet //指定服务类型为telnet [server-luser-manage-admin]authorization-attribute user-role level-3 //指定命令级别为3 [server-luser-manage-admin]quit [server]user-interface vty 0 4 //进入vty线路 [server-line-vty0-4]authentication-mode scheme //配置用户的认证方式 [server-line-vty0-4]protocol inbound telnet //支持telnet [server-line-vty0-4]quit
20.PC3开始测试telnet server
Telnet 200.200.200.2