Disruptor的简单介绍与应用

前言

最近工做比较忙,在工做项目中,看了不少人都本身实现了一套数据任务处理机制,我的感受有点乱,且也方便他人的后续维护,因此想到了一种数据处理模式,即生产者、缓冲队列、消费者的模式来统一你们的实现逻辑。java

下面时是对Disruptor基本使用的演示。使用中须要引入依赖git

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.lmax</groupId>
  <artifactId>disruptor</artifactId>
  <version>3.4.2</version>
</dependency>

名称解释

  • Ring Buffergithub

    环境的缓存区,3.0版本之前被认为是Disruptor的主要成员。3.0版本之后,环形缓冲区只负责经过Disruptor的事件方式来对数据进行存储和更新。在一些高级的应用场景中,Ring Buffer能够由用户的自定义实现彻底替代。算法

  • Sequence缓存

    Disruptor使用Sequence做为一种方法来肯定特定组件的位置。每一个使用者(EventProcessor)与Disruptor自己同样维护一个序列。大多数并发代码依赖于这些序列值的移动,所以序列支持AtomicLong的许多当前特性。事实上,二者之间惟一真正的区别是序列包含额外的功能,以防止序列和其余值之间的错误共享。微信

  • Sequencer架构

    Sequencer是真正的核心,该接口的两个实现(单生产者, 多消费者)实现了全部用于在生产者和使用者之间的快速、正确的传递数据的并发算法。并发

  • Sequence Barrier异步

    序列屏障由Sequencer产生,包含对Sequencer和任何依赖消费者的序列的引用。它包含肯定是否有任何事件可供使用者处理的逻辑。ide

  • Wait Strategy

    等待策略肯定消费者将如何等待生产者产生的消息,Disruptor将消息放到事件(Event)中。

  • Event

    从生产者到消费者的数据单位。不存在彻底由用户定义的事件的特定代码的表示形式。

  • EventProcessor

    EventProcessor持有特定消费者(Consumer)的Sequence,并提供用于调用事件处理实现的事件循环。

  • BatchEventProcessor

    BatchEventProcessor它包含事件循环的有效实现,并将回调到已使用的EventHandle接口实现。

  • EventHandler

    Disruptor定义的事件处理接口,由用户实现,用于处理事件,是Consumer的真正实现。

  • Producer

    生产者,只是泛指调用Disruptor发布事件的用户代码,Disruptor没有定义特定接口或类型。

架构图

简单实用Disruptor

1 定义事件

事件就是经过Disruptor进行交换的数据类型。

package com.disruptor;

public class Data {

    private long value;

    public long getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    public void setValue(long value) {
        this.value = value;
    }
}

2 定义事件工厂

事件工厂定义了如何实例化第一步中定义的事件。Disruptor经过EventFactory在RingBuffer中预建立Event的实例。

一个Event实例被用做一个数据槽,发布者发布前,先从RingBuffer得到一个Event的实例,而后往Event实例中插入数据,而后再发布到RingBuffer中,最后由Consumer得到Event实例并从中读取数据。

package com.disruptor;

import com.lmax.disruptor.EventFactory;

public class DataFactory implements EventFactory<Data> {

    @Override
    public Data newInstance() {
        return new Data();
    }
}

3 定义生产者

package com.disruptor;

import com.lmax.disruptor.RingBuffer;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

public class Producer {

    private final RingBuffer<Data> ringBuffer;

    public Producer(RingBuffer<Data> ringBuffer) {
        this.ringBuffer = ringBuffer;
    }

    public void pushData(ByteBuffer byteBuffer) {
        long sequence = ringBuffer.next();

        try {
            Data even = ringBuffer.get(sequence);
            even.setValue(byteBuffer.getLong(0));
        } finally {
            ringBuffer.publish(sequence);
        }
    }
}

4 定义消费者

package com.disruptor;

import com.lmax.disruptor.WorkHandler;

import java.text.MessageFormat;


public class Consumer implements WorkHandler<Data> {

    @Override
    public void onEvent(Data data) throws Exception {
        long result = data.getValue() + 1;

        System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("Data process : {0} + 1 = {1}", data.getValue(), result));
    }
}

5 启动Disruptor

  • 测试Demo
package com.disruptor;

import com.lmax.disruptor.RingBuffer;
import com.lmax.disruptor.dsl.Disruptor;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;


public class Main {

    private static final int NUMS = 10;

    private static final int SUM = 1000000;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(10000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();

        DataFactory factory = new DataFactory();

        int buffersize = 1024;

        Disruptor<Data> disruptor = new Disruptor<Data>(factory, buffersize, new ThreadFactory() {
            @Override
            public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
                return new Thread(r);
            }
        });

        Consumer[] consumers = new Consumer[NUMS];
        for (int i = 0; i < NUMS; i++) {
            consumers[i] = new Consumer();
        }

        disruptor.handleEventsWithWorkerPool(consumers);
        disruptor.start();

        RingBuffer<Data> ringBuffer = disruptor.getRingBuffer();
        Producer producer = new Producer(ringBuffer);

        ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(8);
        for (long i = 0; i < SUM; i++) {
            bb.putLong(0, i);
            producer.pushData(bb);
            System.out.println("Success producer data : " + i);
        }
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();

        disruptor.shutdown();

        System.out.println("Total time : " + (end - start));
    }
}
  • 结果(部分结果展现)
Data process : 999,987 + 1 = 999,988
Success producer data : 999995
Data process : 999,990 + 1 = 999,991
Data process : 999,989 + 1 = 999,990
Data process : 999,991 + 1 = 999,992
Data process : 999,992 + 1 = 999,993
Data process : 999,993 + 1 = 999,994
Data process : 999,995 + 1 = 999,996
Success producer data : 999996
Success producer data : 999997
Success producer data : 999998
Success producer data : 999999
Data process : 999,994 + 1 = 999,995
Data process : 999,996 + 1 = 999,997
Data process : 999,997 + 1 = 999,998
Data process : 999,998 + 1 = 999,999
Data process : 999,999 + 1 = 1,000,000
Total time : 14202

由结果展现可见,边生产、边消费。

彩蛋

1 事件转换类

package com.mm.demo.disruptor.translator;

import com.lmax.disruptor.EventTranslatorOneArg;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.entity.Data;

public class DataEventTranslator implements EventTranslatorOneArg<Data, Long> {

    @Override
    public void translateTo(Data event, long sequence, Long arg0) {
        System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("DataEventTranslator arg0 = {0}, seq = {1}", arg0, sequence));
        event.setValue(arg0);
    }
}

2 消费者

2.1 消费者Demo1

消费者每次将event的结果加1。

package com.mm.demo.disruptor.handler;

import com.lmax.disruptor.EventHandler;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.entity.Data;

import java.text.MessageFormat;

public class D1DataEventHandler implements EventHandler<Data> {

    @Override
    public void onEvent(Data event, long sequence, boolean endOfBatch) throws Exception {
        long result = event.getValue() + 1;
        Thread t = new Thread();
        String name = t.getName();
        System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("consumer "+name+": {0} + 1 = {1}", event.getValue(), result));
    }

}

这里是使用的是EventHandler。也是使用WorkHandler,EventHandler和WorkHandler的区别是前者不须要池化,后者须要池化。

2.2 消费者Demo2

package com.mm.demo.disruptor.handler;

import com.lmax.disruptor.EventHandler;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.entity.Data;

import java.text.MessageFormat;


public class D2DataEventHandler implements EventHandler<Data> {

    @Override
    public void onEvent(Data event, long sequence, boolean endOfBatch) throws Exception {
        long result = event.getValue() + 2;
        System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("consumer 2: {0} + 2 = {1}", event.getValue(), result));
    }
}

2.3 串行依次计算

Consumer1执行完成再执行Consumer2。

package com.mm.demo.disruptor.process;

import com.lmax.disruptor.dsl.Disruptor;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.entity.Data;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.handler.D1DataEventHandler;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.handler.D2DataEventHandler;

/**
 * 串行依次计算
 * @DateT: 2020-01-07
 */
public class Serial {

    public static void serial(Disruptor<Data> disruptor) {
        disruptor.handleEventsWith(new D1DataEventHandler()).then(new D2DataEventHandler());
        disruptor.start();
    }
}

2.4 并行实时计算

Consumer1和Consumer2同时执行。

package com.mm.demo.disruptor.process;

import com.lmax.disruptor.dsl.Disruptor;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.entity.Data;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.handler.D1DataEventHandler;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.handler.D2DataEventHandler;

/**
 * 并行执行
 * @DateT: 2020-01-07
 */
public class Parallel {

    public static void parallel(Disruptor<Data> dataDisruptor) {
        dataDisruptor.handleEventsWith(new D1DataEventHandler(), new D2DataEventHandler());
        dataDisruptor.start();
    }
}

2.5 测试类

package com.mm.demo.disruptor;

import com.lmax.disruptor.BlockingWaitStrategy;
import com.lmax.disruptor.RingBuffer;
import com.lmax.disruptor.dsl.Disruptor;
import com.lmax.disruptor.dsl.ProducerType;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.entity.Data;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.handler.D1DataEventHandler;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.process.Parallel;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.process.Serial;
import com.mm.demo.disruptor.translator.DataEventTranslator;

import javax.swing.plaf.synth.SynthTextAreaUI;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;


public class Main {

    private static final int BUFFER = 1024 * 1024;

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        DataFactory factory = new DataFactory();

        Disruptor<Data> disruptor = new Disruptor<Data>(factory, BUFFER, Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), ProducerType.MULTI, new BlockingWaitStrategy());

      
        Serial.serial(disruptor);
//        Parallel.parallel(disruptor);

        RingBuffer<Data> ringBuffer = disruptor.getRingBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            ringBuffer.publishEvent(new DataEventTranslator(), (long)i);
        }
        disruptor.shutdown();
    }
}

总结

上边只演示了串行和并行的方式,其实仍是经过组合的方式建立不的计算处理方式(须要建立多个事件处理器EventHandler)。

补充等待策略

  • BlockingWaitStrategy:最低效的策略,可是对cpu的消耗是最小的,在各类不一样部署环境中能提供更加一致的性能表现。
  • SleepingWaitStrategy:性能和BlockingWaitStrategy差很少少,cpu消耗也相似,可是其对生产者线程的影响最小,适合用于异步处理数据的场景。
  • YieldingWaitStrategy:性能是最好的,适用于低延迟的场景。在要求极高性能且事件处理线程数小于cpu处理核数时推荐使用此策略。
  • BusySpinWaitStrategy:低延迟,可是对cpu资源的占用较多。
  • PhasedBackoffWaitStrategy:上边几种策略的综合体,延迟大,可是占用cpu资源较少。

参考

本文参考了Disruptor源码以及github中的部分说明。

Demo源码地址

github


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