公司项目中使用Gson框架对服务器传过来的Json数据进行解析,而服务器后台数据很大程度上是经过运营后台人员配置。因为各类缘由运营可能将某一字段类型配置错误,好比集合类型配置成字符串类型。虽然业务层会进行异常的捕获,可是仅由于一个字段的错误,致使整个Json数据失效,因小失大,甚至可能会形成重大损失,好比直播间礼物墙,由于一个礼物的某一个字段的错误,致使整个礼物墙展现为空,在线上环境这个算是重大事故了。因而,一个对基本类型容错的Gson改造库的需求油然而生,对于错误的数据以默认值填充。java
干货地址:类型容错的Gsongit
Github地址github
a. 当前分析的Gson版本号为2.8.1。
b. Gson的处理过程主要分为两个流向,一个是序列化,将javabean对象转化为json字符串;另外一个是反序列化,将json字符串映射成javabean对象。
c. 这两个流向处理前都有一个共同的操做,从传入的java实例对象或者字节码对象中获取 TypeAdapter,对于序列化就经过Jsonwriter进行写,对于反序列化就经过JsonReader进行读,因此此篇只分析Gson读的过程,写处理操做流程同样。json
从Gson.from(json, People.class) 突入数组
fromJson(json,Peolple.class)的调用链
public <T> T fromJson(String json, Class<T> classOfT) throws JsonSyntaxException {
Object object = fromJson(json, (Type) classOfT);
return Primitives.wrap(classOfT).cast(object);
}
public <T> T fromJson(String json, Type typeOfT) throws JsonSyntaxException {
if (json == null) {
return null;
}
StringReader reader = new StringReader(json);
T target = (T) fromJson(reader, typeOfT);
return target;
}
public <T> T fromJson(Reader json, Type typeOfT) throws JsonIOException, JsonSyntaxException {
JsonReader jsonReader = newJsonReader(json);
T object = (T) fromJson(jsonReader, typeOfT);
assertFullConsumption(object, jsonReader);
return object;
}
public <T> T fromJson(JsonReader reader, Type typeOfT) throws JsonIOException, JsonSyntaxException {
boolean isEmpty = true;
boolean oldLenient = reader.isLenient();
reader.setLenient(true);
try {
reader.peek();
isEmpty = false;
TypeToken<T> typeToken = (TypeToken<T>) TypeToken.get(typeOfT);
TypeAdapter<T> typeAdapter = getAdapter(typeToken);
T object = typeAdapter.read(reader);
return object;
} ...
}
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上面是从fromJson(String json, Class classOfT)切入,亦或者是从fromJson(JsonElement json, Class classOfT)也好,最终都是由 fromJson(JsonReader reader, Type typeOfT)处理。缓存
gson.fromJson("hello gson",String.class)bash
public static TypeToken<?> get(Type type) {
return new TypeToken<Object>(type);
}
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没什么好瞅的~ 看new吧!服务器
TypeToken(Type type) {
this.type = $Gson$Types.canonicalize($Gson$Preconditions.checkNotNull(type));
this.rawType = (Class<? super T>) $Gson$Types.getRawType(this.type);
this.hashCode = this.type.hashCode();
}
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采用契约式对传入的type判空处理,而后获取type的(type、rawType和hashcode),分别看看type和rawtype的获取流程框架
public static Type canonicalize(Type type) {
if (type instanceof Class) {
Class<?> c = (Class<?>) type;
return c.isArray() ? new GenericArrayTypeImpl(canonicalize(c.getComponentType())) : c;
} else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
ParameterizedType p = (ParameterizedType) type;
return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(p.getOwnerType(),
p.getRawType(), p.getActualTypeArguments());
} else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
GenericArrayType g = (GenericArrayType) type;
return new GenericArrayTypeImpl(g.getGenericComponentType());
} else if (type instanceof WildcardType) {
WildcardType w = (WildcardType) type;
return new WildcardTypeImpl(w.getUpperBounds(), w.getLowerBounds());
} else {
// type is either serializable as-is or unsupported
return type;
}
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进入条件的筛选,第一个if仍是好理解,后面的是什么鬼? 不用着急,待我给施主梳理,以前Gson.from(json, People.class)的调用链中有一个fromJson(Reader json, Type typeOfT) ,用户使用时的切入点若是是它就多是筛选状况的其余条件,此返回的type相对于对传入的java类型进行的类型的从新包装。ide
public static Class<?> getRawType(Type type) {
if (type instanceof Class<?>) {
// type is a normal class.
return (Class<?>) type;
} else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;
// I'm not exactly sure why getRawType() returns Type instead of Class. // Neal isn't either but suspects some pathological case related
// to nested classes exists.
Type rawType = parameterizedType.getRawType();
checkArgument(rawType instanceof Class);
return (Class<?>) rawType;
} else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
Type componentType = ((GenericArrayType)type).getGenericComponentType();
return Array.newInstance(getRawType(componentType), 0).getClass();
} else if (type instanceof TypeVariable) {
// we could use the variable's bounds, but that won't work if there are multiple.
// having a raw type that's more general than necessary is okay return Object.class; } else if (type instanceof WildcardType) { return getRawType(((WildcardType) type).getUpperBounds()[0]); } else { String className = type == null ? "null" : type.getClass().getName(); throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected a Class, ParameterizedType, or " + "GenericArrayType, but <" + type + "> is of type " + className); } } 复制代码
两处对比的看,其实type和rawtype很类似,type经过类来包装说明,而rawtype脱去华丽的衣服。type为GenericArrayType的,把衣服一脱,赤身裸体的一看,擦,原来是个array数组,这就是rawtype。
public <T> TypeAdapter<T> getAdapter(TypeToken<T> type) {
TypeAdapter<?> cached = typeTokenCache.get(type == null ? NULL_KEY_SURROGATE : type);
if (cached != null) {
return (TypeAdapter<T>) cached;
}
Map<TypeToken<?>, FutureTypeAdapter<?>> threadCalls = calls.get();
boolean requiresThreadLocalCleanup = false;
if (threadCalls == null) {
threadCalls = new HashMap<TypeToken<?>, FutureTypeAdapter<?>>();
calls.set(threadCalls);
requiresThreadLocalCleanup = true;
}
// the key and value type parameters always agree
FutureTypeAdapter<T> ongoingCall = (FutureTypeAdapter<T>) threadCalls.get(type);
if (ongoingCall != null) {
return ongoingCall;
}
try {
FutureTypeAdapter<T> call = new FutureTypeAdapter<T>();
threadCalls.put(type, call);
for (TypeAdapterFactory factory : factories) {
TypeAdapter<T> candidate = factory.create(this, type);
if (candidate != null) {
call.setDelegate(candidate);
typeTokenCache.put(type, candidate);
return candidate;
}
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("GSON cannot handle " + type);
}
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若是缓存中没有该Type对应TypeAdapter,就建立TypeAdapter。前面提过TypeAdapter是由TypeAdapterFactory建立的,因此有代码:
for (TypeAdapterFactory factory : factories) {
TypeAdapter<T> candidate = factory.create(this, type);
if (candidate != null) {
call.setDelegate(candidate);
typeTokenCache.put(type, candidate);
return candidate;
}
}
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遍历全部的TypeAdapterFactory,若是该工厂能建立该Type的TypeAdapter就返回该TypeAdapter对象。
那么重点来了,factories这么多的TypeAdapterFactory是怎么来了的?
在咱们new Gson的时候,就往factories中塞入了不一样类型的TypeAdapterFactory,包括StringTypeAdapterFactory等等,代码以下:
public Gson(xxx)
{
...
factories.add(TypeAdapters.STRING_FACTORY);
factories.add(TypeAdapters.STRING_FACTORY);
factories.add(TypeAdapters.INTEGER_FACTORY);
factories.add(TypeAdapters.BOOLEAN_FACTORY);
factories.add(TypeAdapters.BYTE_FACTORY);
factories.add(TypeAdapters.SHORT_FACTORY);
...
}
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在遍历factories过程当中经过create(this,type)方法来生成TypeAdapter。
public static final TypeAdapterFactory STRING_FACTORY = newFactory(String.class, STRING);
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接着往下看
public static <TT> TypeAdapterFactory newFactory(
final Class<TT> type, final TypeAdapter<TT> typeAdapter) {
return new TypeAdapterFactory() {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // we use a runtime check to make sure the 'T's equal
@Override public <T> TypeAdapter<T> create(Gson gson, TypeToken<T> typeToken) {
return typeToken.getRawType() == type ? (TypeAdapter<T>) typeAdapter : null;
}
@Override public String toString() {
return "Factory[type=" + type.getName() + ",adapter=" + typeAdapter + "]";
}
};
}
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STRING_FACTORY = newFactory(String.class, STRING)的时候,STRING就是处理String类型的TypeAdapter,STRING_FACTORY中的create方法就是判断须要处理的类型是否是String类型的,若是是就返回STRING,不然返回null,即该类型不用STRING来处理。
for (TypeAdapterFactory factory : factories) {
TypeAdapter<T> candidate = factory.create(this, type);
if (candidate != null) {
...
return candidate;
}
}
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咱们回到最初的代码:
TypeToken<T> typeToken = (TypeToken<T>)TypeToken.get(typeOfT);
TypeAdapter<T> typeAdapter = getAdapter(typeToken);
T object = typeAdapter.read(reader);
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STRING就是处理String类型的TypeAdapter,而后咱们看它的read()方法。
public static final TypeAdapter<String> STRING = new TypeAdapter<String>() {
@Override
public String read(JsonReader in) throws IOException {
JsonToken peek = in.peek();
if (peek == JsonToken.NULL) {
in.nextNull();
return null;
}
/* coerce booleans to strings for backwards compatibility */
if (peek == JsonToken.BOOLEAN) {
return Boolean.toString(in.nextBoolean());
}
return in.nextString();
}
...
};
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到这里位置,咱们就将gson.fromJson("hello gson",String.class)的String类型“hello gson”返回。
Gson.from("{ "name": "zhangsan", "age": 15, "grade": [ 95, 98 ] }", Student.class)
咱们从新走刚刚的流程,看看怎么处理的
这一步没有什么不同凡响
factories中包含了不少基本类型的TypeAdapterFactory,同时也包含用户自定义的类型Factory,看源码:
// type adapters for composite and user-defined types
factories.add(new CollectionTypeAdapterFactory(constructorConstructor));
factories.add(new MapTypeAdapterFactory(constructorConstructor, complexMapKeySerialization));
this.jsonAdapterFactory = new JsonAdapterAnnotationTypeAdapterFactory(constructorConstructor);
factories.add(jsonAdapterFactory);
factories.add(TypeAdapters.ENUM_FACTORY);
factories.add(new ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory(constructorConstructor, fieldNamingStrategy, excluder, jsonAdapterFactory));
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此处咱们能匹配上的是ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory,而后咱们看它的create()方法,关键的地方到了!!!
@Override public <T> TypeAdapter<T> create(Gson gson, final TypeToken<T> type) {
Class<? super T> raw = type.getRawType();
if (!Object.class.isAssignableFrom(raw)) {
return null; // it's a primitive! } ObjectConstructor<T> constructor = constructorConstructor.get(type); return new Adapter<T>(constructor, getBoundFields(gson, type, raw)); } 复制代码
a. constructorConstructor 获取Student类的构造器
b. getBoundFields()经过反射获取Student每个字段的的TypeAdapter,而且包装到Map<String, BoundField>中,后面会讲解getBoundFields()的方法。
@Override public T read(JsonReader in) throws IOException {
if (in.peek() == JsonToken.NULL) {
in.nextNull();
return null;
}
T instance = constructor.construct();
try {
in.beginObject();
while (in.hasNext()) {
String name = in.nextName();
BoundField field = boundFields.get(name);
if (field == null || !field.deserialized) {
in.skipValue();
} else {
field.read(in, instance);
}
}
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
throw new JsonSyntaxException(e);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new AssertionError(e);
}
in.endObject();
return instance;
}
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到了这一步就彷佛海阔天空了,经过传入的构造器建立Student类的实例,在JsonReader进行处理,in.beginObject()至关于跳过“{”,in.endObject()至关于跳过“}”,其中经过in.hasNext()判断是否处理完成。 在in.nextName()读取json字符串中的key值,而后在boundFields根据key获取对应的BoundField ,最后调用BoundField.read(in,instance)去处理细节,即每一个字段的映射,咱们看一下内部的细节:
new ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.BoundField(name, serialize, deserialize) {
...
@Override void read(JsonReader reader, Object value)
throws IOException, IllegalAccessException {
Object fieldValue = typeAdapter.read(reader);
if (fieldValue != null || !isPrimitive) {
field.set(value, fieldValue);
}
}
...
};
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当Filed都处理完成后,instance实例的每个须要处理的字段都赋值成功,最终将这个对象return出去。
private Map<String, BoundField> getBoundFields(Gson context, TypeToken<?> type, Class<?> raw) {
Map<String, BoundField> result = new LinkedHashMap<String, BoundField>();
if (raw.isInterface()) {
return result;
}
Type declaredType = type.getType();
while (raw != Object.class) {
Field[] fields = raw.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
boolean serialize = excludeField(field, true);
boolean deserialize = excludeField(field, false);
if (!serialize && !deserialize) {
continue;
}
field.setAccessible(true);
Type fieldType = $Gson$Types.resolve(type.getType(), raw, field.getGenericType());
List<String> fieldNames = getFieldNames(field);
BoundField previous = null;
for (int i = 0, size = fieldNames.size(); i < size; ++i) {
String name = fieldNames.get(i);
if (i != 0) serialize = false; // only serialize the default name
BoundField boundField = createBoundField(context, field, name,
TypeToken.get(fieldType), serialize, deserialize);
BoundField replaced = result.put(name, boundField);
if (previous == null) previous = replaced;
}
if (previous != null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(declaredType
+ " declares multiple JSON fields named " + previous.name);
}
}
type = TypeToken.get($Gson$Types.resolve(type.getType(), raw, raw.getGenericSuperclass()));
raw = type.getRawType();
}
return result;
}
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遍历Student类的每个字段,遍历过程当中作了两件事情:
int doPeek() throws IOException {
int peekStack = stack[stackSize - 1];
if (peekStack == JsonScope.EMPTY_ARRAY) {
stack[stackSize - 1] = JsonScope.NONEMPTY_ARRAY;
} else if (peekStack == JsonScope.NONEMPTY_ARRAY) {
// Look for a comma before the next element.
int c = nextNonWhitespace(true);
switch (c) {
case ']':
return peeked = PEEKED_END_ARRAY;
case ';':
checkLenient(); // fall-through
case ',':
break;
default:
throw syntaxError("Unterminated array");
}
} else if (peekStack == JsonScope.EMPTY_OBJECT || peekStack == JsonScope.NONEMPTY_OBJECT) {
stack[stackSize - 1] = JsonScope.DANGLING_NAME;
// Look for a comma before the next element.
if (peekStack == JsonScope.NONEMPTY_OBJECT) {
int c = nextNonWhitespace(true);
switch (c) {
case '}':
return peeked = PEEKED_END_OBJECT;
case ';':
checkLenient(); // fall-through
case ',':
break;
default:
throw syntaxError("Unterminated object");
}
}
int c = nextNonWhitespace(true);
switch (c) {
case '"':
return peeked = PEEKED_DOUBLE_QUOTED_NAME;
case '\'': checkLenient(); return peeked = PEEKED_SINGLE_QUOTED_NAME; case '}': if (peekStack != JsonScope.NONEMPTY_OBJECT) { return peeked = PEEKED_END_OBJECT; } else { throw syntaxError("Expected name"); } default: checkLenient(); pos--; // Don't consume the first character in an unquoted string.
if (isLiteral((char) c)) {
return peeked = PEEKED_UNQUOTED_NAME;
} else {
throw syntaxError("Expected name");
}
}
} else if (peekStack == JsonScope.DANGLING_NAME) {
stack[stackSize - 1] = JsonScope.NONEMPTY_OBJECT;
// Look for a colon before the value.
int c = nextNonWhitespace(true);
switch (c) {
case ':':
break;
case '=':
checkLenient();
if ((pos < limit || fillBuffer(1)) && buffer[pos] == '>') {
pos++;
}
break;
default:
throw syntaxError("Expected ':'");
}
} else if (peekStack == JsonScope.EMPTY_DOCUMENT) {
if (lenient) {
consumeNonExecutePrefix();
}
stack[stackSize - 1] = JsonScope.NONEMPTY_DOCUMENT;
} else if (peekStack == JsonScope.NONEMPTY_DOCUMENT) {
int c = nextNonWhitespace(false);
if (c == -1) {
return peeked = PEEKED_EOF;
} else {
checkLenient();
pos--;
}
} else if (peekStack == JsonScope.CLOSED) {
throw new IllegalStateException("JsonReader is closed");
}
int c = nextNonWhitespace(true);
switch (c) {
case ']':
if (peekStack == JsonScope.EMPTY_ARRAY) {
return peeked = PEEKED_END_ARRAY;
}
// fall-through to handle ",]"
case ';':
case ',':
// In lenient mode, a 0-length literal in an array means 'null'.
if (peekStack == JsonScope.EMPTY_ARRAY || peekStack == JsonScope.NONEMPTY_ARRAY) {
checkLenient();
pos--;
return peeked = PEEKED_NULL;
} else {
throw syntaxError("Unexpected value");
}
case '\'': checkLenient(); return peeked = PEEKED_SINGLE_QUOTED; case '"': return peeked = PEEKED_DOUBLE_QUOTED; case '[': return peeked = PEEKED_BEGIN_ARRAY; case '{': return peeked = PEEKED_BEGIN_OBJECT; default: pos--; // Don't consume the first character in a literal value. } int result = peekKeyword(); if (result != PEEKED_NONE) { return result; } result = peekNumber(); if (result != PEEKED_NONE) { return result; } if (!isLiteral(buffer[pos])) { throw syntaxError("Expected value"); } checkLenient(); return peeked = PEEKED_UNQUOTED; } 复制代码
该操做逻辑处理较强,主要工做分为3点: