Python headers not found错误解决办法

安装Python扩展时，Configure error: Python headers not found错误解决办法

在安装spot时，遇到#include "Python.h"找不到错误：
checking Python.h usability... no checking Python.h presence... no checking for Python.h... no configure: error: Python's development headers are not installed.
缘由：
没法找到 python 库，#include "Python.h" 出错 ，缺乏python-dev或python3-dev
解决:
使用 apt (Ubuntu, Debian…) 安装

sudo apt-get install python-dev   # for python2.x installs
sudo apt-get install python3-dev  # for python3.x installs

使用 yum (CentOS, RHEL…) 安装

sudo yum install python-devel   # for python2.x installs
sudo yum install python34-devel   # for python3.4 installs

使用 dnf (Fedora…) 安装

sudo dnf install python2-devel  # for python2.x installs
sudo dnf install python3-devel  # for python3.x installs

使用 zypper (openSUSE…) 安装

sudo zypper in python-devel   # for python2.x installs
sudo zypper in python3-devel  # for python3.x installs

使用 apk (Alpine…) 安装

sudo apk add python2-dev  # for python2.x installs
sudo apk add python3-dev  # for python3.x installs

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[1] python-dev 库缺失致使安装 matplotlib 出错