并行调用异步/等待功能

据我了解,在ES7 / ES2016中,在代码中放置多个await的工做方式相似于将带有.then()的承诺连接在一块儿,这意味着它们将一个接一个地执行而不是并行执行。 所以,例如,咱们有如下代码: node

await someCall();
await anotherCall();

我是否正确理解只有在someCall()完成后才会调用anotherCall() ? 并行调用它们的最优雅方式是什么? chrome

我想在Node中使用它,因此也许有一个异步库解决方案? promise

编辑:我不满意此问题提供的解决方案: 减速是因为异步生成器中非并行等待promise ,由于它使用生成器,而且我询问的是更通用的用例。 浏览器


#1楼

您能够在Promise.all()上等待: 异步

await Promise.all([someCall(), anotherCall()]);

要存储结果: async

let [someResult, anotherResult] = await Promise.all([someCall(), anotherCall()]);

#2楼

TL; DR ide

使用Promise.all进行并行函数调用时,发生错误时答案行为不正确。 函数


首先,一次执行全部异步调用并获取全部Promise对象。 其次,对Promise对象使用await 。 这样,当您等待第一个Promise解决其余异步调用时,仍在进行中。 整体而言,您只会等待最慢的异步调用时间。 例如: this

// Begin first call and store promise without waiting
const someResult = someCall();

// Begin second call and store promise without waiting
const anotherResult = anotherCall();

// Now we await for both results, whose async processes have already been started
const finalResult = [await someResult, await anotherResult];

// At this point all calls have been resolved
// Now when accessing someResult| anotherResult,
// you will have a value instead of a promise

JSbin示例: http ://jsbin.com/xerifanima/edit?js,console spa

注意: await调用是在同一行仍是在不一样的行上都没有关系,只要第一个await调用发生全部异步调用以后。 请参阅JohnnyHK的评论。


更新:这个回答有错误不一样时间处理根据@ BERGI的答案 ,如发生错误时不会抛出了错误,但全部的承诺都执行以后。 我将结果与[result1, result2] = Promise.all([async1(), async2()])的技巧进行比较: [result1, result2] = Promise.all([async1(), async2()]) ,检查如下代码片断

const correctAsync500ms = () => { return new Promise(resolve => { setTimeout(resolve, 500, 'correct500msResult'); }); }; const correctAsync100ms = () => { return new Promise(resolve => { setTimeout(resolve, 100, 'correct100msResult'); }); }; const rejectAsync100ms = () => { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { setTimeout(reject, 100, 'reject100msError'); }); }; const asyncInArray = async (fun1, fun2) => { const label = 'test async functions in array'; try { console.time(label); const p1 = fun1(); const p2 = fun2(); const result = [await p1, await p2]; console.timeEnd(label); } catch (e) { console.error('error is', e); console.timeEnd(label); } }; const asyncInPromiseAll = async (fun1, fun2) => { const label = 'test async functions with Promise.all'; try { console.time(label); let [value1, value2] = await Promise.all([fun1(), fun2()]); console.timeEnd(label); } catch (e) { console.error('error is', e); console.timeEnd(label); } }; (async () => { console.group('async functions without error'); console.log('async functions without error: start') await asyncInArray(correctAsync500ms, correctAsync100ms); await asyncInPromiseAll(correctAsync500ms, correctAsync100ms); console.groupEnd(); console.group('async functions with error'); console.log('async functions with error: start') await asyncInArray(correctAsync500ms, rejectAsync100ms); await asyncInPromiseAll(correctAsync500ms, rejectAsync100ms); console.groupEnd(); })();


#3楼

我投同意票:

await Promise.all([someCall(), anotherCall()]);

请注意调用函数的那一刻,它可能会致使意外的结果:

// Supposing anotherCall() will trigger a request to create a new User

if (callFirst) {
  await someCall();
} else {
  await Promise.all([someCall(), anotherCall()]); // --> create new User here
}

可是跟随老是触发建立新用户的请求

// Supposing anotherCall() will trigger a request to create a new User

const someResult = someCall();
const anotherResult = anotherCall(); // ->> This always creates new User

if (callFirst) {
  await someCall();
} else {
  const finalResult = [await someResult, await anotherResult]
}

#4楼

更新:

原始答案很难(在某些状况下是不可能)正确处理承诺拒绝。 正确的解决方案是使用Promise.all

const [someResult, anotherResult] = await Promise.all([someCall(), anotherCall()]);

原始答案:

只需确保在等待其中一个函数以前调用这两个函数:

// Call both functions
const somePromise = someCall();
const anotherPromise = anotherCall();

// Await both promises    
const someResult = await somePromise;
const anotherResult = await anotherPromise;

#5楼

我建立了一个辅助函数waitAll,可能会使它更甜。 目前,它仅适用于nodejs不适用于浏览器chrome。

//const parallel = async (...items) => {
    const waitAll = async (...items) => {
        //this function does start execution the functions
        //the execution has been started before running this code here
        //instead it collects of the result of execution of the functions

        const temp = [];
        for (const item of items) {
            //this is not
            //temp.push(await item())
            //it does wait for the result in series (not in parallel), but
            //it doesn't affect the parallel execution of those functions
            //because they haven started earlier
            temp.push(await item);
        }
        return temp;
    };

    //the async functions are executed in parallel before passed
    //in the waitAll function

    //const finalResult = await waitAll(someResult(), anotherResult());
    //const finalResult = await parallel(someResult(), anotherResult());
    //or
    const [result1, result2] = await waitAll(someResult(), anotherResult());
    //const [result1, result2] = await parallel(someResult(), anotherResult());
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