系统硬件:vmware vsphere (CPU:2*4核,内存2G)php
系统版本:CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.isohtml
安装步骤:mysql
0.虚拟系统安装nginx
0.1 使用VMware 虚拟机进行安装,进行安装界面c++
(分配内存必须大于1G,不然不会显示图型安装界面,网络设置使用“桥接模式” 即"Bridged"模式)算法
0.2 选择 Install or upgrade an existing systemsql
0.3 在"Disc found" 框 选择 "skip"数据库
0.4 next 选择 "chinese(simplified)(中文(简介 )) nextbootstrap
0.5 选择 "美国英语式" 下一步vim
0.6 选择 "基本 存储设备" 下一步
0.7 弹出"警告"框时,选择"从新初始化全部"
0.8 主机名能够保留默认,点击”配置网络“ 弹出“网络链接” 双击“System eth0"
0.9 弹出“正在编辑 System eth0" 选择"自动链接" 点击"应用“ ,点击”关闭“ 关闭”网络链接“框 下一步
0.10 不要选择“系统时钟使用UTC时间” 下一步
0.11 输入并确认 ”根密码“ 下一步
0.12 选择"替换现有Linux系统 " 下一步 “将修改写入磁盘"
0.13 选择"Basic Server" 下一步
0.14 大概一共200个软件包,复制安装完成后,点击“从新引导”,从新启动计算机
0.15 (安装完成后,能够将虚拟机内存由1G,改成512M)
1.系统环境
1.1 更新系统
[root@centos ~]# yum update -y
1.2 查看环境
[root@centos ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
[root@centos ~]# uname -a
Linux zabbix 2.6.32-431.17.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed May 7 23:32:49 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@centos ~]# yum -y install vim wget lsof gcc gcc-c++
2.安装Google-perftools (使用tcmalloc 加速 mysql 和 nginx)
2.1下载须要的文件
下载 libunwind-1.1.tar.gz 到 /usr/local/src
下载 gperftools-2.2.tar.gz 到 /usr/local/src
2.2 安装libunwind
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf libunwind-1.1.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd libunwind-1.1
[root@centos ~]# ./configure --enable-shared
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
2.3 安装google-perftools
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf gperftools-2.2.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd gperftools-2.2
[root@centos ~]# ./configure --enable-shared --enable-frame-pointers
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
2.4 更新,使动态连接库可以被系统共享
[root@centos ~]# echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/usr_local_lib.conf
[root@centos ~]# ldconfig
3.安装mysql
3.1 下载文件
下载 ncurses-5.9.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
下载 bison-3.0.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
下载 cmake-3.0.0.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
下载 mysql-5.6.19.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
3.2 安装ncurses
[root@centos ~]# yum install ncurses-devel openssl* -y
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf ncurses-5.9
[root@centos ~]# ./configure
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
3.3 安装cmake
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf cmake-3.0.0.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd cmake-3.0.0
[root@centos ~]# ./bootstrap
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
3.4 安装bison
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf bison-3.0.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd bison-3.0
[root@centos ~]# ./configure
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
3.5 建立mysql须要的目录、配置用户和用户组
[root@centos ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@centos ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[root@centos ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@centos ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
3.6.安装mysql (须要 cmake ncurses-devel bison 库)
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf mysql-5.6.19.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd mysql-5.6.19
[root@centos ~]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_READLINE=on -DWITH_SSL=yes
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
3.7 建立软链接
[root@centos ~]# ln -s /opt/mysql/lib/lib* /usr/lib/
3.8配置mysql数据库
[root@centos ~]# cd /opt/mysql
[root@centos ~]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/opt/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql
3.9复制配置文件
3.9.1 (mysql 5.6.19)
[root@centos ~]# cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
3.9.2 (mysql 5.3.29)
[root@centos ~]# cp ./support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
修改配置文件,设置默认使用utf8编码
[root@centos ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
在[client]下添加一行
default-character-set = utf8
在[mysqld]下添加一行
character-set-server = utf8
3.11 设置mysql开机自动启动服务
[root@centos ~]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
3.12 修改服务配置文件
[root@centos ~]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
根据设定须要,修改mysqld文件中的下面两项
basedir=/opt/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
3.13 启动mysqld服务
[root@centos ~]# service mysqld start
3.14 数据库初始化及修改root密码(root初始密码为空)
[root@centos ~]# ./bin/mysql_secure_installation
根据提示操做
3.15 软链接mysql
[root@centos ~]# ln -s /opt/mysql/bin/mysql /bin
3.16 重启centos后,尝试用root链接mysql
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root -p
成功登陆后查看状态
status;
3.17 使用tcmalloc优化mysql ( 须要安装google-perftools)
[root@centos ~]# vim /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
在# executing mysqld_safe的下一行,加上:
export LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libtcmalloc.so
3.18 重启服务,查看tcmalloc是否生效 (第二条命令显示即生效)
[root@centos ~]# service mysqld restart
[root@centos ~]# lsof -n | grep tcmalloc
若是显示如下相似的信息,即表示tcmalloc生效
mysqld 30347 mysql mem REG 253,0 2177570 544322 /usr/local/lib/libtcmalloc.so.0.2.2
3.18 增长远程访问用户,而且打开防火墙3306端口(不远程链接数据,可省略)
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root -p
输入密码进行mysql控制台,添加远程访问用户
(root是用户名,%是主机名或IP地址,这里的%表明任意主机或IP地址,也可指定惟一的IP地址;密码是MyPassword )
Mysql [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyPassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Mysql [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Mysql [(none)]> exit;
[root@centos ~]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
[root@centos ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
[root@centos ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
查看防火墙信息
[root@centos ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
若是显示如下相似信息,即表示已经打开了3306端口
1 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:3306
4.安装Nginx
4.1.准备安装
下载 pcre-8.35.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
下载 nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
4.2 更新包
[root@centos ~]# yum install zlib* openssl* -y
4.3 安装Pcre
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd pcre-8.35
[root@centos ~]# ./configure
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
4.4 建立www用户和组,建立www虚拟主机使用的目录,以及Nginx使用的日志目录,而且赋予他们适当的权限
[root@centos ~]# groupadd www
[root@centos ~]# useradd -g www www
[root@centos ~]# mkdir -p /data/www
[root@centos ~]# chmod +w /data/www
[root@centos ~]# chown -R www:www /data/www
为tcmalloc添加目录,而且赋予适当权限
[root@centos ~]# mkdir -p /tmp/tcmalloc/
[root@centos ~]# chown -R www:www /tmp/tcmalloc/
4.5 安装Nginx (须要 pcre google-perftools 库)
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
假装服务器信息(能够不修改)
[root@centos ~]# cd nginx-1.6.0/src/core
[root@centos ~]# vim ./src/core/nginx.h
修改NGINX_VERSION为你但愿显示的版号
修改NGINX_VER为你但愿显示的名称
修改NGINX_VAR 为你但愿显示的名称
保存
开始安装NGINX
[root@centos ~]# ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/opt/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-google_perftools_module
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
4.6 修改 nginx.conf ,令nginx能够 google-perftools实现加速
[root@centos ~]# vim /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
修改前面几行为:
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log logs/error.log crit;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
google_perftools_profiles /tmp/tcmalloc/;
events{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
4.7 测试和运行
[root@centos ~]# cd /opt/nginx
[root@centos ~]# ldconfig
[root@centos ~]# ./sbin/nginx -t
若是显示下面信息,即表示配置没问题
nginx: the configuration file /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
输入代码运行nginx服务
[root@centos ~]# ./sbin/nginx
[root@centos ~]# ps au|grep nginx
若是显以相似下面的信息,即表示nginx已经启动
root 2013 0.0 0.0 103156 856 pts/0 S+ 03:22 0:00 grep nginx
输入代码检测是否支持加速
[root@centos ~]# lsof -n | grep tcmalloc
若是显示相似下面的信息,即表示支持tcmalloc加速 (mysqld和nginx两个线程都支持)
mysqld 20818 mysql mem REG 253,0 2177570 281050 /usr/local/lib/libtcmalloc.so.0.2.2
nginx 29454 www 25w REG 253,0 0 288399 /tmp/tcmalloc/.29454
nginx 29455 www 27w REG 253,0 0 288403 /tmp/tcmalloc/.29455
4.8 打开防火墙80端口
写入规则,保存并重启服务
[root@centos ~]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
[root@centos ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
[root@centos ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
查看防火墙信息
[root@centos ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
若是显示如下相似信息,即表示已经打开了80端口
1 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80
4.9 编写nginx 启动服务
[root@centos ~]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
输入如下代码并保存
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
killall -9 nginx
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
保存后,设置权限,并添加到启动服务列表中
[root@centos ~]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig --level 345 nginx on
[root@centos ~]# service nginx start
5 安装PHP
5.1 准备安装
下载php-5.5.13.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
下载 libiconv-1.14.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
下载 libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
下载mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
下载mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz到/usr/local/src
更新依赖
yum -y install autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers libXpm* gcc gcc-c++
5.2 安装libiconv (增强系统对支持字符编码转换的功能)
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd libiconv-1.14
[root@centos ~]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
5.3 安装libmcrypt(加密算法库,PHP扩展mcrypt功能对此库有依耐关系,要使用mcrypt必须先安装此库)
5.3.1 安装libmcrypt
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
[root@centos ~]# ./configure
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
5.3.2安装libltdl(6.6 x64自带不用装)
[root@centos ~]# cd libltdl/
[root@centos ~]# ./configure --enable-ltdl-install
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
5.3.3 更新共享
[root@centos ~]# ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.* /usr/lib64/
[root@centos ~]# ln -sf /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/lib64/
[root@centos ~]# ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libiconv.so.2 /usr/lib64/
[root@centos ~]# ldconfig
5.4 安装mhash(hash加密算法库)
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd mhash-0.9.9.9
[root@centos ~]# ./configure
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
更新共享
[root@centos ~]# ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmhash.* /usr/lib64/
[root@centos ~]# ldconfig
5.5 安装mcrypt
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd mcrypt-2.6.8
[root@centos ~]# ./configure
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
5.6 安装php
5.6.1 建立mysql软链接、ldap软链接
[root@centos ~]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql/include/mysql
[root@centos ~]# ln -s /opt/mysql/include/* /opt/mysql/include/mysql/
[root@centos ~]# ln -s /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib
5.6.2 安装
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf php-5.5.13.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd php-5.5.13
[root@centos ~]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/php --with-config-file-path=/opt/php/etc --with-mysql=/opt/mysql --with-mysqli=/opt/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --disable-safe-mode --with-curlwrappers
[root@centos ~]# make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
5.6.3 复制配置文件
[root@centos ~]# cp php.ini-production /opt/php/etc/php.ini
5.6.4 安装memcache扩展(已经安装PHP)
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf memcache-3.0.6.tar.gz
[root@centos ~]# cd memcache-3.0.6
[root@centos ~]# /opt/php/bin/phpize
[root@centos ~]# ldconfig
[root@centos ~]# ./configure --with-php-config=/opt/php/bin/php-config
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
修改php配置文件,支持memcache
[root@centos ~]# vim /opt/php/etc/php.ini
在文件中搜索extension_dir、extension ,在相应位置添加下面两行
extension_dir = "/opt/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/"
extension = "memcache.so"
5.6.5 安装ZendOpcache扩展(已经安装php)
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos ~]# tar zvxf zendopcache-7.0.3.tgz
[root@centos ~]# cd zendopcache-7.0.3
[root@centos ~]# /opt/php/bin/phpize
[root@centos ~]# ./configure --with-php-config=/opt/php/bin/php-config
[root@centos ~]# make && make install
修改php配置文件,支持ZendOpcache
[root@centos ~]# vim /opt/php/etc/php.ini
在文件尾加入如下代码
zend_extension=/opt/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/opcache.so
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000
opcache.revalidate_freq=60
opcache.fast_shutdown=1
opcache.enable_cli=1
5.6.5 安装php-fpm
[root@centos ~]# cp /opt/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /opt/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@centos ~]# vim /opt/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
修改如下地方
[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid-p
error_log = log/php-fpm.log
emergency_restart_threshold = 10
emergency_restart_interval = 1m
process_control_timeout = 5s
pm.max_children = 35
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
[www]
user = www
group = www
5.6.6 修改nginx,支持php
[root@centos ~]# vim /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
找到并修改如下代码
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/www$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
5.6.7将php-fpm 做为服务运行
[root@centos ~]# cd /usr/local/src/php-5.5.13
[root@centos ~]# cp ./sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@centos ~]# chmod 700 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig --add php-fpm
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig --level 345 php-fpm on
服务方式启动php-fpm
[root@centos ~]# service php-fpm restart
5.6.8 编写测试页面
[root@centos ~]# vim /data/www/index.php
[root@centos ~]# chown -R www:www /data/www
输入代码
<html>
<head><title>hello php</title></head>
<body>
<?php phpinfo();?>
</body>
</html>
5.6.8 打开浏览器进行测试
[root@centos ~]# service nginx restart
[root@centos ~]# service php-fpm restart
[root@centos ~]# curl http://localhost/index.html
[root@centos ~]# curl http://localhost/index.php