Spring RESTful + Redis全注解实现恶意登陆保护机制

时间 2019-11-29

标签 spring restful redis 注解实现恶意登陆保护机制栏目 Spring 繁體版

原文原文链接

很久没更博了...
最近看了个真正全注解实现的 SpringMVC 博客，感受很不错，终于能够完全丢弃 web.xml 了。其实这玩意也是老东西了，丢弃 web.xml，是基于五、6年前发布的 Servlet 3.0 规范，只不过少有人玩而已...如今4.0都快正式发布了...Spring对注解的支持也从09年末就开始支持了...
基础部分我就不仔细讲了，能够先看一下这篇以及其中提到的另外两篇文章，这三篇文章讲的很不错。
下面开始旧东西新玩~~~html

构建

项目是基于 gradle 3.1构建的，这是项目依赖：前端

dependencies {
  def springVersion = '4.3.2.RELEASE'
  
  compile "org.springframework:spring-web:$springVersion"
  compile "org.springframework:spring-webmvc:$springVersion"
  compile "redis.clients:jedis:2.9.0"
  compile "javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:3.1.0"
  compile "org.json:json:20160810"
}

编写Java版的web.xml

想要让请求通过Java，少不了配置 web.xml，不过如今咱们来写个Java版的~
这里和传统的 web.xml 同样，依次添加 filter， servlet 。java

package org.xueliang.loginsecuritybyredis.commons;

import javax.servlet.FilterRegistration;
import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration;

import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;

/**
 * 基于注解的/WEB-INF/web.xml
 * 依赖 servlet 3.0
 * @author XueLiang
 * @date 2016年10月24日 下午5:58:45
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class CommonInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

  @Override
  public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
    
    // 基于注解配置的Web容器上下文
    AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
    context.register(WebAppConfig.class);
    
    // 添加编码过滤器并进行映射
    CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter("UTF-8", true);
    FilterRegistration.Dynamic dynamicFilter = servletContext.addFilter("characterEncodingFilter", characterEncodingFilter);
    dynamicFilter.addMappingForUrlPatterns(null, true, "/*");
    
    // 添加静态资源映射
    ServletRegistration defaultServletRegistration = servletContext.getServletRegistration("default");
    defaultServletRegistration.addMapping("*.html");
    
    Servlet dispatcherServlet = new DispatcherServlet(context);
    ServletRegistration.Dynamic dynamicServlet = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher", dispatcherServlet);
    dynamicServlet.addMapping("/");
  }
}

这一步走完，Spring 基本上启动起来了。git

编写Java版的Spring配置

如今Spring已经能够正常启动了，但咱们还要给 Spring 作一些配置，以便让它按咱们须要的方式工做~
这里由于后端只负责提供数据，而不负责页面渲染，因此只须要配置返回 json 视图便可，我的比较偏心采用内容协商，因此这里我使用了 ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean，但只配置了一个 JSON 格式的视图。
为了不中文乱码，这里设置了 StringHttpMessageConverter 默认编码格式为 UTF-8，而后将其设置为 RequestMappingHandlerAdapter 的消息转换器。
最后还须要再配置一个欢迎页，相似于 web.xml 的 welcome-file-list - welcome-file，由于 Servlet 3.0 规范没有针对欢迎页的Java配置方案，因此目前只能在Java中这样配置，其效果相似于在XML版中配置 <mvc:redirect-view-controller path="/" redirect-url="/index.html"/> 。
最后注意这里的 @Bean 注解，默认的 name 是方法名。github

package org.xueliang.loginsecuritybyredis.commons;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManager;
import org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.xueliang.loginsecuritybyredis")
@PropertySource({"classpath:loginsecuritybyredis.properties"})
public class WebAppConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    
    /**
     * 内容协商
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public ContentNegotiationManager mvcContentNegotiationManager() {
        ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean = new ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean();
        contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean.setFavorParameter(true);
        contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean.setIgnoreAcceptHeader(true);
        contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean.setDefaultContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
        Properties mediaTypesProperties = new Properties();
        mediaTypesProperties.setProperty("json", MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
        contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean.setMediaTypes(mediaTypesProperties);
        contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet();
        return contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean.getObject();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public ContentNegotiatingViewResolver contentNegotiatingViewResolver(@Autowired ContentNegotiationManager mvcContentNegotiationManager) {
        ContentNegotiatingViewResolver contentNegotiatingViewResolver = new ContentNegotiatingViewResolver();
        contentNegotiatingViewResolver.setOrder(1);
        contentNegotiatingViewResolver.setContentNegotiationManager(mvcContentNegotiationManager);
        return contentNegotiatingViewResolver;
    }
    
    /**
     * 采用UTF-8编码，防止中文乱码
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public StringHttpMessageConverter stringHttpMessageConverter() {
        return new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
    }
    
    @Bean
    public RequestMappingHandlerAdapter requestMappingHandlerAdapter(@Autowired StringHttpMessageConverter stringHttpMessageConverter) {
        RequestMappingHandlerAdapter requestMappingHandlerAdapter = new RequestMappingHandlerAdapter();
        requestMappingHandlerAdapter.setMessageConverters(Collections.singletonList(stringHttpMessageConverter));
        return requestMappingHandlerAdapter;
    }
    
    /**
     * 设置欢迎页
     * 至关于web.xml中的 welcome-file-list > welcome-file
     */
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addRedirectViewController("/", "/index.html");
    }
}

编写登陆认证Api

这里在 init 方法中初始化几个用户，放入 USER_DATA 集合，用于后续模拟登陆。而后初始化 jedis 链接信息。init 方法被 @PostConstruct 注解，所以 Spring 建立该类的对象后，将自动执行其 init 方法，进行初始化操做。
而后看 login 方法，首先根据用户名获取最近 MAX_DISABLED_SECONDS 秒内失败的次数，是否超过最大限制 MAX_TRY_COUNT。web

若超过最大限制，再也不对用户名和密码进行认证，直接返回认证失败提示信息，也即帐户已被锁定的提示信息。ajax

不然，进行用户认证。redis

若认证失败，将其添加到 Redis 缓存中，并设置过时默认为 MAX_DISABLED_SECONDS，表示今后刻起，MAX_DISABLED_SECONDS 秒内，该用户已登陆失败 count 次。spring

若Redis缓存中已存在该用户认证失败的计数信息，则刷新 count 值，并将旧值的剩余存活时间设置到新值上，而后返回认证失败提示信息。json

不然，返回认证成功提示信息。

package org.xueliang.loginsecuritybyredis.web.controller.api;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.xueliang.loginsecuritybyredis.web.model.JSONResponse;
import org.xueliang.loginsecuritybyredis.web.model.User;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;

/**
 * 认证类
 * @author XueLiang
 * @date 2016年11月1日 下午4:11:59
 * @version 1.0
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/auth/")
public class AuthApi {

  private static final Map<String, User> USER_DATA = new HashMap<String, User>();
  @Value("${auth.max_try_count}")
  private int MAX_TRY_COUNT = 0;
  @Value("${auth.max_disabled_seconds}")
  private int MAX_DISABLED_SECONDS = 0;
  
  @Value("${redis.host}")
  private String host;
  @Value("${redis.port}")
  private int port;
  private Jedis jedis;
  
  @PostConstruct
  public void init() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
      String username = "username" + 0;
      String password = "password" + 0;
      USER_DATA.put(username + "_" + password, new User(username, "nickname" + i));
    }
    jedis = new Jedis(host, port);
  }
  
  @RequestMapping(value = {"login"}, method = RequestMethod.POST)
  public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password) {
    JSONResponse jsonResponse = new JSONResponse();
    String key = username;
    String countString = jedis.get(key);
    boolean exists = countString != null;
    int count = exists ? Integer.parseInt(countString) : 0;
    if (count >= MAX_TRY_COUNT) {
      checkoutMessage(key, count, jsonResponse);
      return jsonResponse.toString();
    }
    User user = USER_DATA.get(username + "_" + password);
    if (user == null) {
      count++;
      int secondsRemain = MAX_DISABLED_SECONDS;
      if (exists && count < 5) {
        secondsRemain = (int)(jedis.pttl(key) / 1000);
      }
      jedis.set(key, count + "");
      jedis.expire(key, secondsRemain);
      checkoutMessage(key, count, jsonResponse);
      return jsonResponse.toString();
    }
    count = 0;
    if (exists) {
      jedis.del(key);
    }
    checkoutMessage(key, count, jsonResponse);
    return jsonResponse.toString();
  }
  
  /**
   * 
   * @param key
   * @param count 尝试次数，也能够改成从redis里直接读
   * @param jsonResponse
   * @return
   */
  private void checkoutMessage(String key, int count, JSONResponse jsonResponse) {
    if (count == 0) {
      jsonResponse.setCode(0);
      jsonResponse.addMsg("success", "恭喜，登陆成功！");
      return;
    }
    jsonResponse.setCode(1);
    if (count >= MAX_TRY_COUNT) {
      long pttlSeconds = jedis.pttl(key) / 1000;
      long hours = pttlSeconds / 3600;
      long sencondsRemain = pttlSeconds - hours * 3600;
      long minutes = sencondsRemain / 60;
      long seconds = sencondsRemain - minutes * 60;
      jsonResponse.addError("login_disabled", "登陆超过" + MAX_TRY_COUNT + "次，请" + hours + "小时" + minutes + "分" + seconds + "秒后再试！");
      return;
    }
    jsonResponse.addError("username_or_password_is_wrong", "密码错误，您还有 " + (MAX_TRY_COUNT - count) + " 次机会！");
  }
}

编写前端页面

页面很简单，监听表单提交事件，用 ajax 提交表单数据，而后将认证结果显示到 div 中。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登陆</title>
<style>
  span.error {
    color: red;
  }
  span.msg {
    color: green;
  }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" method="post">
  <label>用户名</label><input type="text" name="username">
  <label>密码</label><input type="text" name="password">
  <button type="submit">登陆</button>
  <div></div>
</form>

<script>
  (function($) {
    var $ = (selector) => document.querySelector(selector);
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
      if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
        var response = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
        var html = '';
        var msgNode = '';
        if (response.code != 0) {
          msgNode = 'error';
        } else {
          msgNode = 'msg';
        }
        for (var key in response[msgNode]) {
          html += '<span class="' + msgNode + '">' + response[msgNode][key] + '</span>';
        }
        $('div').innerHTML = html;
      }
    }
    
    var ajax = function(formData) {
      xhr.open('POST', '/api/auth/login.json', true);
      xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8'); // 将请求头设置为表单方式提交
      xhr.send(formData);
    }
    $('form').addEventListener('submit', function(event) {
      event.preventDefault();
      var formData = '';
      for (var elem of ['username', 'password']) {
        var value = $('input[name="' + elem + '"]').value;
        formData += (elem + '=' + value + '&');
      }
      ajax(formData);
    });
  })();
</script>
</body>
</html>

源码

最后上下源码地址：https://github.com/liangzai-cool/loginsecuritybyredis

更新

2016年11月29日更新，代码优化，增长原子操做，org.xueliang.loginsecuritybyredis.web.controller.api.AuthApi#login 函数做以下优化：

@RequestMapping(value = {"login"}, method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password) {
        JSONResponse jsonResponse = new JSONResponse();
        String key = username;
        String countString = jedis.get(key);
        boolean exists = countString != null;
        int count = exists ? Integer.parseInt(countString) : 0;
        if (count >= MAX_TRY_COUNT) {
            checkoutMessage(key, count, jsonResponse);
            return jsonResponse.toString();
        }
        User user = USER_DATA.get(username + "_" + password);
        if (user == null) {
            count++;
//            int secondsRemain = MAX_DISABLED_SECONDS;
//            if (exists && count < 5) {
//                secondsRemain = (int)(jedis.pttl(key) / 1000);
//            }
//            jedis.set(key, count + "");
//            jedis.expire(key, secondsRemain);
            if (exists) {
                jedis.incr(key);
                if (count >= MAX_TRY_COUNT) {
                    jedis.expire(key, MAX_DISABLED_SECONDS);
                }
            } else {
                jedis.set(key, count + "");
                jedis.expire(key, MAX_DISABLED_SECONDS);
            }
            checkoutMessage(key, count, jsonResponse);
            return jsonResponse.toString();
        }
        count = 0;
        if (exists) {
            jedis.del(key);
        }
        checkoutMessage(key, count, jsonResponse);
        return jsonResponse.toString();
    }

原文连接：http://xueliang.org/article/detail/20161102173458963