随着Nginx web服务器获得愈来愈多的SA的青睐,Nginx的cache功能已经具有Squid所拥有的Web缓存加速功能、清除指定URL缓存的功能。javascript
而在性能上,Nginx对多核CPU的利用,赛过Squid很多。另外,在反向代理、负载均衡、健康检查、后端服务器故障转移、Rewrite重写、易用性上,Nginx也比Squid强大得多。php
这使得一台Nginx能够同时做为负载均衡服务器与Web缓存服务器来使用。css
1、 Nginx(Ngx_cache)安装:html
首先下载Nginx缓存模块,ngx_cache_purge相应版本,这里下载nginx-1.4版本,不一样版本对应不一样的Nginx版本,安装的时候要留心。java
ulimit -SHn 65535node
yum install pcre pcre-devel -ynginx
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.11.tar.gzweb
http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-1.4.tar.gzshell
tarz xvf ngx_cache_purge-1.4.tar.gz后端
tarz xvf nginx-1.0.11.tar.gz
useradd www
cd nginx-1.0.11/
./configure --user=www --group=www --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-1.4--prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
2、 Nginx Cache配置:
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /data/logs/nginx/error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
charset utf-8;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 300m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plainapplication/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
proxy_temp_path /data/proxy_temp_dir;
proxy_cache_path /data/proxy_cache_dirlevels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g;
upstreambackend_server {
server 127.0.0.1:8800 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 127.0.0.1:8801 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm;
root /data/webapps/www;
location /
{
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_cache cache_one;
proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://backend_server;
expires 1d;
}
location ~ /purge(/.*)
{
auth_basic "TDT Center CACHE Center";
auth_basic_user_file /tmp/htpasswd;
allow 127.0.0.1;
allow 192.168.1.0/24;
deny all;
proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args;
}
location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
{
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://backend_server;
}
}
}
3、Nginx Cache测试:
#启动Nginx服务,/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
#访问咱们的WEB站点,而后在/data/proxy_cache_dir目录会看到缓存的子目录(以数字、字母组成)
以下图:
4、如何清除缓存:
清除缓存有两种方法,第一种是直接经过nginx.conf配置文件定义的/purge虚拟目录去清除,第二种方法能够经过shell脚本去批量清除:
附上Shell脚本清空缓存的内容:
#! /bin/sh
#Auto Clean Nginx Cache Shell Scripts
#2013-06-12 wugk
#Define Path
CACHE_DIR=/data/www/proxy_cache_dir/
FILE="$*"
#To determine whether the input script,If not,then exit 判断脚本是否有输入,没有输入而后退出
if
[ "$#" -eq "0" ];then
echo "Please Insert clean Nginx cache File, Example: $0 index.html index.js"
sleep 2 && exit
fi
echo "The file : $FILE to be clean nginx Cache ,please waiting ....."
#Wrap processing for the input file, for grep lookup,对输入的文件进行换行处理,利于grep查找匹配相关内容
for i in `echo $FILE |sed 's//\n/g'`
do
grep -ra $i ${CACHE_DIR}| awk -F':' '{print $1}' > /tmp/cache_list.txt
for j in `cat/tmp/cache_list.txt`
do
rm -rf $j
echo "$i $j is Deleted Success !"
done
done
这几天要用到nginx的缓存,折腾了两天,终于搞定了,
把方法写下来以示备忘或给后来者一个参考:
首先用的缓存是proxy_cache.
在http段里加入下列几句:
[plain] view plaincopy
1. #!/usr/bin/env php
2. <?php
3.
4. $cache_dir = '/usr/local/nginx/cache/';
5. $request_uri = $argv[1];
6. $url_hash = md5($request_uri);
7. $dir1 = substr($url_hash,-1,1) . '/';
8. $dir2 = substr($url_hash,-3,2) . '/';
9. $cached_file = $cache_dir . $dir1 . $dir2 . $url_hash;
10. if (is_file($cached_file)) {
11. if (unlink($cache_dir . $dir1 . $dir2 . $url_hash)) {
12. echo $request_uri . " 缓存清除成功\n";
13. } else {
14. echo $request_uri . " 缓存清除失败\n";
15. }
16. } else {
17. echo $request_uri . " 未被缓存\n";
18. }
各项注释晚上我回家后有时间再写,见谅!