HttpURLConnection是继承于URLConnection类,两者都是抽象类。其对象主要经过URL的openConnection方法得到。建立方法以下代码所示:java
URL url = new URL("http://www.51cto.com/index.jsp?par=123456"); HttpURLConnection urlConn=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
经过如下方法能够对请求的属性进行一些设置,以下所示:
//设置输入和输出流 urlConn.setDoOutput(true); urlConn.setDoInput(true); //设置请求方式为POST urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST"); //POST请求不能使用缓存 urlConn.setUseCaches(false); //关闭链接 urlConn.disConnection();
HttpURLConnection默认使用GET方式,例以下面代码所示:
//使用HttpURLConnection打开链接 HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //获得读取的内容(流) InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()); // 为输出建立BufferedReader BufferedReader buffer = new BufferedReader(in); String inputLine = null; //使用循环来读取得到的数据 while (((inputLine = buffer.readLine()) != null)) { //咱们在每一行后面加上一个"\n"来换行 resultData += inputLine + "\n"; } //关闭InputStreamReader in.close(); //关闭http链接 urlConn.disconnect();
若是须要使用POST方式,则须要setRequestMethod设置。代码以下:
String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp"; //得到的数据 String resultData = ""; URL url = null; try { //构造一个URL对象 url = new URL(httpUrl); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { Log.e(DEBUG_TAG, "MalformedURLException"); } if (url != null) { try { // 使用HttpURLConnection打开链接 HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //由于这个是post请求,设立须要设置为true urlConn.setDoOutput(true); urlConn.setDoInput(true); // 设置以POST方式 urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST"); // Post 请求不能使用缓存 urlConn.setUseCaches(false); urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true); // 配置本次链接的Content-type,配置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded的 urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); // 链接,从postUrl.openConnection()至此的配置必需要在connect以前完成, // 要注意的是connection.getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect。 urlConn.connect(); //DataOutputStream流 DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream()); //要上传的参数 String content = "par=" + URLEncoder.encode("ABCDEFG", "gb2312"); //将要上传的内容写入流中 out.writeBytes(content); //刷新、关闭 out.flush(); out.close();
2. HttpClient接口
// http地址 String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=HttpClient_android_Get"; //HttpGet链接对象 HttpGet httpRequest = new HttpGet(httpUrl); //取得HttpClient对象 HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); //请求HttpClient,取得HttpResponse HttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpRequest); //请求成功 if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { //取得返回的字符串 String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity()); mTextView.setText(strResult); } else { mTextView.setText("请求错误!"); } }
使用POST方法进行参数传递时,须要使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的参数。,另外,还须要设置所使用的字符集。代码以下所示:
// http地址 String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp"; //HttpPost链接对象 HttpPost httpRequest = new HttpPost(httpUrl); //使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的Post参数 List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); //添加要传递的参数 params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("par", "HttpClient_android_Post")); //设置字符集 HttpEntity httpentity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "gb2312"); //请求httpRequest httpRequest.setEntity(httpentity); //取得默认的HttpClient HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); //取得HttpResponse HttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpRequest); //HttpStatus.SC_OK表示链接成功 if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { //取得返回的字符串 String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity()); mTextView.setText(strResult); } else { mTextView.setText("请求错误!"); } }
HttpClient其实是对Java提供方法的一些封装,在HttpURLConnection中的输入输出流操做,在这个接口中被统一封装成了HttpPost(HttpGet)和HttpResponse,这样,就减小了操做的繁琐性。android
另外,在使用POST方式进行传输时,须要进行字符编码。编程