Spring Boot + Spring Security自定义用户认证

  • 引入依赖:
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
		 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
  • 自定义认证过程 自定义认证的过程须要实现Spring Security提供的UserDetailService接口 ,源码以下:
public interface UserDetailsService {
    UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException;
}

loadUserByUsername方法返回一个UserDetail对象,该对象也是一个接口,包含一些用于描述用户信息的方法,源码以下:css

public interface UserDetails extends Serializable {
	// 获取用户包含的权限,返回权限集合,权限是一个继承了GrantedAuthority的对象;
    Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities();
	// 获取密码
    String getPassword();
  // 获取帐号/用户名
    String getUsername();
	// 帐户是否过时
    boolean isAccountNonExpired();
	//帐户是否被锁定
    boolean isAccountNonLocked();
	//用户凭证是否过时
    boolean isCredentialsNonExpired();
	//用户是否可用
    boolean isEnabled();
}
  • 建立实现自定义认证接口的类:
@Configuration
public class UserDetailService implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        // 模拟一个用户,实际项目中应为: 根据用户名查找数据库,若是没有记录则会返回null,有则返回UserDetails对象
        MyUser user = new MyUser();
        user.setUserName(username);
        user.setPassword(this.passwordEncoder.encode("123456"));
        // 输出加密后的密码
        System.out.println(user.getPassword());
		// 返回对象以后 会在内部进行认证(密码/盐/加密过密码等)
        return new User(username, user.getPassword(), user.isEnabled(),
                user.isAccountNonExpired(), user.isCredentialsNonExpired(),
                user.isAccountNonLocked(), AuthorityUtils.commaSeparatedStringToAuthorityList("admin"));
    }
}
  • 建立用户类
@Data
public class MyUser implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 3497935890426858541L;

    private String userName;

    private String password;

    private boolean accountNonExpired = true;

    private boolean accountNonLocked= true;

    private boolean credentialsNonExpired= true;

    private boolean enabled= true;

}
  • 配置类:
@Configuration
public class MySecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    ...
}
注:PasswordEncoder是一个密码加密接口,而BCryptPasswordEncoder是Spring Security提供的一个实现方法,咱们也能够本身实现PasswordEncoder。
    不过Spring Security实现的BCryptPasswordEncoder已经足够强大,它对相同的密码进行加密后能够生成不一样的结果

启动项目:访问http://localhost:8080/login, 即可以使用任意用户名以及123456做为密码登陆系统html

BCryptPasswordEncoder对相同的密码生成的结果每次都是不同的git

  • 替换默认登陆页 直接在src/main/resources/resources目录下定义一个login.html(不须要Controller跳转)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登陆</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/login.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
    <form class="login-page" action="/login" method="post">
        <div class="form">
            <h3>帐户登陆</h3>
            <input type="text" placeholder="用户名" name="username" required="required" />
            <input type="password" placeholder="密码" name="password" required="required" />
            <button type="submit">登陆</button>
        </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

在MySecurityConfig中添加:github

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
    http.formLogin() // 表单登陆
            // http.httpBasic() // HTTP Basic
            .loginPage("/login.html") //指定了跳转到登陆页面的请求URL
            .loginProcessingUrl("/login") //对应登陆页面form表单的action="/login"
            .and()
            .authorizeRequests() // 受权配置
			//.antMatchers("/login.html").permitAll()表示跳转到登陆页面的请求不被拦截,不然会进入无限循环
            .antMatchers("/login.html").permitAll()
            .anyRequest()  // 全部请求
            .authenticated()// 都须要认证
			.and().csrf().disable(); // 关闭csrf防护
}

访问http://localhost:8080/hello ,会看到页面已经被重定向到了http://localhost:8080/login.html 使用任意用户名+密码123456登陆web

在未登陆的状况下,当用户访问html资源的时候,若是已经登录则返回JSON数据,不然直接跳转到登陆页,状态码为401。spring

要实现这个功能咱们将loginPage的URL改成/authentication/require,而且在antMatchers方法中加入该URL,让其免拦截:数据库

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
    http.formLogin() // 表单登陆
            // http.httpBasic() // HTTP Basic
            .loginPage("/authentication/require") // 登陆跳转 URL
            .loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 处理表单登陆 URL
            .and()
            .authorizeRequests() // 受权配置
            .antMatchers("/authentication/require", "/login.html").permitAll() // 登陆跳转 URL 无需认证
            .anyRequest()  // 全部请求
            .authenticated() // 都须要认证
            .and().csrf().disable();
}

建立控制器MySecurityController,处理这个请求:json

@RestController
public class MySecurityController {
	//RequestCache requestCache是Spring Security提供的用于缓存请求的对象
    private RequestCache requestCache = new HttpSessionRequestCache();
	//DefaultRedirectStrategy是Spring Security提供的重定向策略 
    private RedirectStrategy redirectStrategy = new DefaultRedirectStrategy();

    @GetMapping("/authentication/require")
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED)   //HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED 未认证 状态码401
    public String requireAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
				//getRequest方法能够获取到本次请求的HTTP信息
        SavedRequest savedRequest = requestCache.getRequest(request, response);
        if (savedRequest != null) {
            String targetUrl = savedRequest.getRedirectUrl();
            if (StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase(targetUrl, ".html"))
							//sendRedirect为Spring Security提供的用于处理重定向的方法
                redirectStrategy.sendRedirect(request, response, "/login.html");
        }
        return "访问的资源须要身份认证!";
    }
}

上面代码获取了引起跳转的请求,根据请求是否以.html为结尾来对应不一样的处理方法。若是是以.html结尾,那么重定向到登陆页面,不然返回”访问的资源须要身份认证!”信息,而且HTTP状态码为401(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED)。缓存

这样当咱们访问http://localhost:8080/hello 的时候页面便会跳转到http://localhost:8080/authentication/require,springboot

当咱们访问http://localhost:8080/hello.html 的时候,页面将会跳转到登陆页面。

  • 处理成功和失败 Spring Security有一套默认的处理登陆成功和失败的方法:当用户登陆成功时,页面会跳转会引起登陆的请求,好比在未登陆的状况下访问http://localhost:8080/hello, 页面会跳转到登陆页,登陆成功后再跳转回来;登陆失败时则是跳转到Spring Security默认的错误提示页面。下面 经过一些自定义配置来替换这套默认的处理机制。

自定义登陆成功逻辑 要改变默认的处理成功逻辑很简单,只须要实现org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler接口的onAuthenticationSuccess方法便可:

@Component
public class MyAuthenticationSucessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
    @Autowired
    private ObjectMapper mapper;
    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                                        Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
		// 将认证信息转换成jsonString写入response
        response.getWriter().write(mapper.writeValueAsString(authentication));
    }
}

其中Authentication参数既包含了认证请求的一些信息,好比IP,请求的SessionId等,也包含了用户信息,即前面提到的User对象。经过上面这个配置,用户登陆成功后页面将打印出Authentication对象的信息。

要使这个配置生效,咱们还在MySecurityConfig的configure中配置它:

@Configuration
public class MySecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    private MyAuthenticationSucessHandler authenticationSucessHandler;

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.formLogin() // 表单登陆
                // http.httpBasic() // HTTP Basic
                .loginPage("/authentication/require") // 登陆跳转 URL
                .loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 处理表单登陆 URL
                .successHandler(authenticationSucessHandler) // 处理登陆成功
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests() // 受权配置
                .antMatchers("/authentication/require", "/login.html").permitAll() // 登陆跳转 URL 无需认证
                .anyRequest()  // 全部请求
                .authenticated() // 都须要认证
                .and().csrf().disable();
    }
}

咱们将MyAuthenticationSucessHandler注入进来,并经过successHandler方法进行配置。

这时候重启项目登陆后页面将会输出以下JSON信息:

像password,credentials这些敏感信息,Spring Security已经将其屏蔽。

除此以外,咱们也能够在登陆成功后作页面的跳转,修改MyAuthenticationSucessHandler:

@Component
public class MyAuthenticationSucessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
    private RequestCache requestCache = new HttpSessionRequestCache();
    private RedirectStrategy redirectStrategy = new DefaultRedirectStrategy();

    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                                        Authentication authentication) throws IOException {
        SavedRequest savedRequest = requestCache.getRequest(request, response);
        redirectStrategy.sendRedirect(request, response, savedRequest.getRedirectUrl());
    }
}

经过上面配置,登陆成功后页面将跳转回引起跳转的页面。若是想指定跳转的页面,好比跳转到/index,能够将savedRequest.getRedirectUrl()修改成/index:

@Component
public class MyAuthenticationSucessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
    private RedirectStrategy redirectStrategy = new DefaultRedirectStrategy();

    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                                        Authentication authentication) throws IOException {
        redirectStrategy.sendRedirect(request, response, "/index");
    }
}

在IndexController中定义一个处理该请求的方法:

@RestController
public class IndexController {
    @GetMapping("index")
    public Object index(){
        return SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
    }
}

登陆成功后,即可以使用SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication()获取到Authentication对象信息。除了经过这种方式获取Authentication对象信息外,也能够使用下面这种方式:

@RestController
public class IndexController {
    @GetMapping("index")
    public Object index(Authentication authentication) {
        return authentication;
    }
}

重启项目,登陆成功后,页面将跳转到http://localhost:8080/index:

  • 自定义登陆失败逻辑 和自定义登陆成功处理逻辑相似,自定义登陆失败处理逻辑须要实现org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler的onAuthenticationFailure方法:
@Component
public class MyAuthenticationFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                                        AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException {
    }
}

onAuthenticationFailure方法的AuthenticationException参数是一个抽象类,Spring Security根据登陆失败的缘由封装了许多对应的实现类,

不一样的失败缘由对应不一样的异常,好比用户名或密码错误对应的是BadCredentialsException,用户不存在对应的是UsernameNotFoundException,用户被锁定对应的是LockedException等。

假如咱们须要在登陆失败的时候返回失败信息,能够这样处理:

@Component
public class MyAuthenticationFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {

    @Autowired
    private ObjectMapper mapper;

    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                                        AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException {
        response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
        response.getWriter().write(mapper.writeValueAsString(exception.getMessage()));
    }
}

状态码定义为500(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value()),即系统内部异常。

一样的,咱们须要在BrowserSecurityConfig的configure中配置它:

@Configuration
public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    private MyAuthenticationSucessHandler authenticationSucessHandler;

    @Autowired
    private MyAuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.formLogin() // 表单登陆
                // http.httpBasic() // HTTP Basic
                .loginPage("/authentication/require") // 登陆跳转 URL
                .loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 处理表单登陆 URL
                .successHandler(authenticationSucessHandler) // 处理登陆成功
                .failureHandler(authenticationFailureHandler) // 处理登陆失败
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests() // 受权配置
                .antMatchers("/authentication/require", "/login.html").permitAll() // 登陆跳转 URL 无需认证
                .anyRequest()  // 全部请求
                .authenticated() // 都须要认证
                .and().csrf().disable();
    }
}

重启项目以后,使用错误的密码登陆 图示以下:

本博文代码均通过测试,能够正常运行!

源码地址: https://github.com/ttdys/springboot/tree/master/springboot_security/02_custom_authentication

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