CAT 使用小结

CAT具体的设计思想、实现原理在这我就不罗列了,本文主要是记录一下在使用CAT的过程当中遇到的一些问题,好比分布式logview,Cache、DB埋点监控等,问题很少,可是比较典型。java

我已经实现一个 CAT 监控相关的扩展实现,可供参考:mysql

https://github.com/summerpotato/cat-monitorgit

(本文涉及的CAT版本为1.3.6)github

1、分布式 logview 的日志树串联实现

目前使用过两种,一种是基于 dubbo 应用的 rpc 调用,一种是基于 http 请求的 rest 服务调用。首先说下 message tree 的实现,追踪跨服务的消息时,经过根消息 id 和父级消息 id 及子消息 id 三个属性进行消息串联,组成消息树。关键点在 tree 的三个 id 的得到和传递。redis

这里有两点,第一是 CAT 消息树生成原理spring

咱们须要实现 Cat 的 Context 上下文,而后经过 Cat.logRemoteCallClient(context) 生成包含节点数据的上下文对象(方法中经过建立消息树对象来获取各节点的消息 id,填充给上下文),当远程服务端接收到这个 context 时,使用 Cat.logRemoteCallServer(context) 方法,读取各节点消息 id,组建消息树。sql

第二是消息应如何传递数据库

dubbo 应用的 rpc 调用方式:调用过程要传递的 rpc 上下文,其中包含调用信息、参数以及状态信息等,能够把消息 id 信息放到 RpcContext 中,而后经过调用 Invocation 对象的 invoke 方法,将消息传递至服务端。最后,经过dubbo的 spi 拓展机制,实现 com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.Filter,用来获取 rpcContext 的内容。缓存

rest 风格的 http 请求方式:调用时,在服务请求方把消息 id 信息放到 Http-Header 中,在服务提供方,用 filter 拦截,并得到 http-header 中的消息 id,这样经过埋点,串联起消息树。restful

废话很少说了,上码吧。

1).dubbo 调用方式部分实现(首先要清楚 dubbo 的 spi 相关配置,CAT监控的配置等)

public class DubboCatFilter implements Filter {

    private static final ThreadLocal<Cat.Context> CAT_CONTEXT = new ThreadLocal<Cat.Context>();

    @Override
    public Result invoke(Invoker<?> invoker, Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {
        URL url = invoker.getUrl();
        String sideKey = url.getParameter(Constants.SIDE_KEY);
        String loggerName = invoker.getInterface().getSimpleName() + "." + invocation.getMethodName();
        String type = "PigeonCall";
        if (Constants.PROVIDER_SIDE.equals(sideKey)) {
            type = "PigeonService";
        }
        Transaction t = Cat.newTransaction(type, loggerName);
        Result result = null;
        try {
            Cat.Context context = getContext();
            if (Constants.CONSUMER_SIDE.equals(sideKey)) {
                createConsumerCross(url, t);
                Cat.logRemoteCallClient(context);
            } else {
                createProviderCross(url, t);
                Cat.logRemoteCallServer(context);
            }
            setAttachment(context);
            result = invoker.invoke(invocation);

            if (result.hasException()) {
                //给调用接口出现异常进行打点
                Throwable throwable = result.getException();
                Event event = null;
                if (RpcException.class == throwable.getClass()) {
                    Throwable caseBy = throwable.getCause();
                    if (caseBy != null && caseBy.getClass() == TimeoutException.class) {
                        event = Cat.newEvent("DUBBO_TIMEOUT_ERROR", loggerName);
                    } else {
                        event = Cat.newEvent("DUBBO_REMOTING_ERROR", loggerName);
                    }
                } else if (RemotingException.class.isAssignableFrom(throwable.getClass())) {
                    event = Cat.newEvent("DUBBO_REMOTING_ERROR", loggerName);
                }else{
                    event = Cat.newEvent("DUBBO_BIZ_ERROR", loggerName);
                }
                event.setStatus(result.getException());
                completeEvent(event);
                t.addChild(event);
                t.setStatus(result.getException().getClass().getSimpleName());
            } else {
                t.setStatus(Message.SUCCESS);
            }
            return result;
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            Event event = null;
            if (RpcException.class == e.getClass()) {
                Throwable caseBy = e.getCause();
                if (caseBy !=null && caseBy.getClass() == TimeoutException.class) {
                    event = Cat.newEvent("DUBBO_TIMEOUT_ERROR", loggerName);
                } else {
                    event = Cat.newEvent("DUBBO_REMOTING_ERROR", loggerName);
                }
            } else {
                event = Cat.newEvent("DUBBO_BIZ_ERROR", loggerName);
            }
            event.setStatus(e);
            completeEvent(event);
            t.addChild(event);
            t.setStatus(e.getClass().getSimpleName());
            if (result == null) {
                throw e;
            } else {
                return result;
            }
        } finally {
            t.complete();
            CAT_CONTEXT.remove();
        }
    }

    static class DubboCatContext implements Cat.Context {
        private Map<String,String> properties = new HashMap<String, String>();

        @Override
        public void addProperty(String key, String value) {
            properties.put(key,value);
        }

        @Override
        public String getProperty(String key) {
            return properties.get(key);
        }
    }

    private void setAttachment(Cat.Context context) {
        RpcContext.getContext().setAttachment(Cat.Context.ROOT,context.getProperty(Cat.Context.ROOT));
        RpcContext.getContext().setAttachment(Cat.Context.CHILD,context.getProperty(Cat.Context.CHILD));
        RpcContext.getContext().setAttachment(Cat.Context.PARENT,context.getProperty(Cat.Context.PARENT));
    }

    private Cat.Context getContext(){
        Cat.Context context = CAT_CONTEXT.get();
        if (context==null) {
            context = initContext();
            CAT_CONTEXT.set(context);
        }
        return context;
    }

    private Cat.Context initContext() {
        Cat.Context context = new DubboCatContext();
        Map<String,String> attachments = RpcContext.getContext().getAttachments();
        if (attachments!=null&&attachments.size()>0) {
            for (Map.Entry<String,String> entry:attachments.entrySet()) {
                if (Cat.Context.CHILD.equals(entry.getKey()) || Cat.Context.ROOT.equals(entry.getKey()) || Cat.Context.PARENT.equals(entry.getKey())) {
                    context.addProperty(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
                }
            }
        }
        return context;
    }

    private void createConsumerCross(URL url, Transaction t) {
        Event crossAppEvent = Cat.newEvent("PigeonCall.app", getProviderAppName(url));
        Event crossServerEvent = Cat.newEvent("PigeonCall.server", url.getHost());
        Event crossPortEvent = Cat.newEvent("PigeonCall.port", url.getPort() + "");
        crossAppEvent.setStatus(Event.SUCCESS);
        crossServerEvent.setStatus(Event.SUCCESS);
        crossPortEvent.setStatus(Event.SUCCESS);
        completeEvent(crossAppEvent);
        completeEvent(crossPortEvent);
        completeEvent(crossServerEvent);
        t.addChild(crossAppEvent);
        t.addChild(crossPortEvent);
        t.addChild(crossServerEvent);
    }

    private void createProviderCross(URL url, Transaction t) {
        String consumerAppName = RpcContext.getContext().getAttachment(Constants.APPLICATION_KEY);
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(consumerAppName)) {
            consumerAppName = RpcContext.getContext().getRemoteHost() + ":" + RpcContext.getContext().getRemotePort();
        }
        Event crossAppEvent = Cat.newEvent("PigeonService.app", consumerAppName);
        Event crossServerEvent = Cat.newEvent("PigeonService.client", url.getHost());
        crossAppEvent.setStatus(Event.SUCCESS);
        crossServerEvent.setStatus(Event.SUCCESS);
        completeEvent(crossAppEvent);
        completeEvent(crossServerEvent);
        t.addChild(crossAppEvent);
        t.addChild(crossServerEvent);
    }

    private void completeEvent(Event event) {
        AbstractMessage message = (AbstractMessage) event;
        message.setCompleted(true);
    }

}

2).http-restful 调用方式部分实现

CatHttpClientProxy.java

public void requestByGet(String url) {
    Transaction t = Cat.newTransaction("PigeonCall", "method000");
    
    //建立默认的httpClient实例
    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()  
                .setConnectTimeout(5000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(1000)  
                .setSocketTimeout(5000).build();
    try {
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
            
        //串联埋点
        Cat.Context context = new CatHttpContext();
        this.createConsumerCross(url, t);
        Cat.logRemoteCallClient(context);
        httpGet.setHeader(Cat.Context.ROOT, context.getProperty(Cat.Context.ROOT));
        httpGet.setHeader(Cat.Context.PARENT, context.getProperty(Cat.Context.PARENT));
        httpGet.setHeader(Cat.Context.CHILD, context.getProperty(Cat.Context.CHILD));
            
        System.out.println("执行get请求:...." + httpGet.getURI());
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
        //发送get请求
        httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);//请求返回的Resp,含http的header和执行结果实体Entity
        try {
            //response实体
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();//不包含header
            if (null != entity) {
                System.out.println("响应状态码:"+ httpResponse.getStatusLine());
                System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------");
                System.out.println("响应内容:" + EntityUtils.toString(entity));
            }
        } finally {
            httpResponse.close();
        }
        t.setStatus(Transaction.SUCCESS);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        t.setStatus(e.getClass().getSimpleName());
    } finally {
        t.complete();
        try {
            closeHttpClient(httpClient);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

private void createConsumerCross(String url, Transaction t){
    Event crossAppEvent = Cat.newEvent("PigeonCall.app", "serverName");
    Event crossServerEvent = Cat.newEvent("PigeonCall.server", "serverIp");
    Event crossPortEvent = Cat.newEvent("PigeonCall.port", "serverPort");
    crossAppEvent.setStatus(Event.SUCCESS);
    crossServerEvent.setStatus(Event.SUCCESS);
    crossPortEvent.setStatus(Event.SUCCESS);
    completeEvent(crossAppEvent);
    completeEvent(crossPortEvent);
    completeEvent(crossServerEvent);
    t.addChild(crossAppEvent);
    t.addChild(crossPortEvent);
    t.addChild(crossServerEvent);
}

private void completeEvent(Event event){
    AbstractMessage message = (AbstractMessage) event;
    message.setCompleted(true);
}

private void closeHttpClient(CloseableHttpClient client) throws IOException{
    if (client != null) {
        client.close();
    }
}

二、CAT对 redis 缓存进行详细监控

CAT源码内部对于缓存的识别存在一个 convention 约定,是基于匹配 “Cache.” 字符串的,而且经过判断字符串 “Cache.memcached” 来支持 memcached 监控,但是没有对 redis 作显示支持,须要修改源码,增长判断字符串 “Cache.redis”;

1).修改类:cat-home - com.dianping.cat.report.page.statistics.task.utilization.TransactionReportVisitor.java

增长对 redis 的判断支持:

private static final String REDIS = "Cache.redis";
public TransactionReportVisitor() {
	m_types.add("URL");
	m_types.add("Service");
	m_types.add("PigeonService");
	m_types.add("Call");
	m_types.add("PigeonCall");
	m_types.add("SQL");
	m_types.add(MEMCACHED);
	m_types.add(REDIS);
}
@Override
public void visitType(TransactionType type) {
	String typeName = type.getId();
	Domain domain = m_report.findOrCreateDomain(m_domain);
  
	if ("Service".equals(typeName)) {
		typeName = "PigeonService";
	} else if ("Call".equals(typeName)) {
		typeName = "PigeonCall";
	} else if (typeName.startsWith(MEMCACHED)) {
		typeName = MEMCACHED;
	} else if (typeName.startsWith(REDIS)){
		typeName = REDIS;
	}
	......
}

2).修改类:cat-core - com.dianping.cat.config.server.ServerConfigManager.java

增长对 redis 的判断支持:

public boolean isCacheTransaction(String type) {
	return StringUtils.isNotEmpty(type) && (type.startsWith("Cache.memcached") || type.startsWith("Cache.redis"));
}

3).修改类:cat-consumer - com.dianping.cat.consumer.storage.StorageAnalyzer.java

增长对redis的判断支持:

private void processCacheTransaction(MessageTree tree, Transaction t) {
	String cachePrefix = "Cache.";
	String ip = "Default";
	String domain = tree.getDomain();
	String cacheType = t.getType().substring(cachePrefix.length());
	String name = t.getName();
	String method = name.substring(name.lastIndexOf(":") + 1);
	List<Message> messages = t.getChildren();

	for (Message message : messages) {
		if (message instanceof Event) {
			String type = message.getType();

			if (type.equals("Cache.memcached.server") || type.equals("Cache.redis.server")) {
				ip = message.getName();
				int index = ip.indexOf(":");
				if (index > -1) {
					ip = ip.substring(0, index);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	......
}

三、CAT 对 DB 数据库进行详细监控

若是你的 orm 框架使用的 mybatis,能够考虑经过实现拦截器 Interceptor 来对DB进行底层监控,CAT对数据库的埋点也存在 convention,这里代码中存在 hard code。具体埋点以下:

MappedStatement mappedStatement = (MappedStatement) invocation.getArgs()[0];
//获得类名,方法
String[] strArr = mappedStatement.getId().split("\\.");
String methodName = strArr[strArr.length - 2] + "." + strArr[strArr.length - 1];
Transaction t = Cat.newTransaction("SQL", "methodName");

//获取SQL类型
SqlCommandType sqlCommandType = mappedStatement.getSqlCommandType();
Cat.logEvent("SQL.Method", sqlCommandType.name().toLowerCase());

String JDBC_CONNECTION = "jdbc:mysql://unknown:3306/%s?useUnicode=true";
Cat.logEvent("SQL.Database", String.format(JDBC_CONNECTION, serverIp, dbName));

spring配置以下:

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml"/>
    <!-- 插件配置 -->
    <property name="plugins">
        <array>
            <bean class="com.kubbo.java.common.cat.CatMybatisPlugin"></bean>
        </array>
    </property>
</bean>

以上仅罗列了每一个问题的一种实现方案,只是给正在研究CAT的同窗一个参考思路,我的研究CAT也是刚开始,所说之处难免存在一些纰漏,欢迎指正和交流。

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