每日学习-ansible replace模块

replace模块用于在文件中根据指定的正则表达式替换匹配的内容

replace模块经常使用参数

• path：必须参数，指定要修改的文件，2.3版本以前，这个参数叫dest、destfile、name；如今这三个名称是path参数的别名
• regexp：必须参数，指定一个正则表达式，能够是python正则
• replace：替换regexp参数匹配到的字符串，
• owner：结果文件或目录的所属用户名，至关于chown命令修改
• group：结果文件或目录的所属组名，至关于chown命令修改
• mode：结果文件或目录的权限，与chmod命令不一致的是，replace模块的mode参数须要添加前导零，以便ansible的YAML解析器知道它是八进制；1.8版本后能够设置为符号模式（u+rwx或u=rw），2.6版本后能够是特殊字符串（preserve），当设置为'preserve'时，文件将被赋予与源文件相同的权限。
• others：能够指定file模块的全部参数
• encoding：用于读取和写入文件的字符编码
• before：若是指定，则仅替换/删除此匹配以前的内容，能够和after参数结合使用
• after：若是指定，则仅替换/删除此匹配以后的内容，能够和before参数结合使用
• attributes：结果文件或目录的特殊属性，至关chattr，默认使用=运算符，指定文件或目录的某项属性
• backup：修改源文件前建立一个包含时间戳信息的备份文件

replace模块doc文档示例

- name: Before Ansible 2.3, option 'dest', 'destfile' or 'name' was used instead of 'path'
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    regexp: '(\s+)old\.host\.name(\s+.*)?$'
    replace: '\1new.host.name\2'

- name: Replace after the expression till the end of the file (requires Ansible >= 2.4)
  replace:
    path: /etc/apache2/sites-available/default.conf
    after: 'NameVirtualHost [*]'
    regexp: '^(.+)$'
    replace: '# \1'

- name: Replace before the expression till the begin of the file (requires Ansible >= 2.4)
  replace:
    path: /etc/apache2/sites-available/default.conf
    before: '# live site config'
    regexp: '^(.+)$'
    replace: '# \1'

# Prior to Ansible 2.7.10, using before and after in combination did the opposite of what was intended.
# see https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/31354 for details.
- name: Replace between the expressions (requires Ansible >= 2.4)
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    after: '<VirtualHost [*]>'
    before: '</VirtualHost>'
    regexp: '^(.+)$'
    replace: '# \1'

- name: Supports common file attributes
  replace:
    path: /home/jdoe/.ssh/known_hosts
    regexp: '^old\.host\.name[^\n]*\n'
    owner: jdoe
    group: jdoe
    mode: '0644'

- name: Supports a validate command
  replace:
    path: /etc/apache/ports
    regexp: '^(NameVirtualHost|Listen)\s+80\s*$'
    replace: '\1 127.0.0.1:8080'
    validate: '/usr/sbin/apache2ctl -f %s -t'

- name: Short form task (in ansible 2+) necessitates backslash-escaped sequences
  replace: path=/etc/hosts regexp='\\b(localhost)(\\d*)\\b' replace='\\1\\2.localdomain\\2 \\1\\2'

- name: Long form task does not
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    regexp: '\b(localhost)(\d*)\b'
    replace: '\1\2.localdomain\2 \1\2'

- name: Explicitly specifying positional matched groups in replacement
  replace:
    path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    regexp: '^(ListenAddress[ ]+)[^\n]+$'
    replace: '\g<1>0.0.0.0'

- name: Explicitly specifying named matched groups
  replace:
    path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    regexp: '^(?P<dctv>ListenAddress[ ]+)(?P<host>[^\n]+)$'
    replace: '#\g<dctv>\g<host>\n\g<dctv>0.0.0.0'

replace模块示例

- name: replace hostname
  replace: 
    path: /root/hwreport.txt
    regexp: "inventoryhostname"
    replace: "{{ ansible_hostnam }}"
- name: replace disk vdb
  replace: 
    path: /root/hwreport.txt
    regexp: "disk_vdb_size"
    replace: "{{ ansible_device.vdb.size }}"
  when: "'vdb' in ansible_devices"
- name: replace disk vdb
  replace: 
    path: /root/hwreport.txt
    regexp: "disk_vdb_size"
    replace: "NONE"
  when: "'vdb' not in ansible_devices"

引自：ansible-doc replace