CentOS6.3源码安装mysql5.5.28

全新以最小化包安装了64位的CentOS6.3系统，做为本地的Web服务器使用，现记录全过程
第六步，安装mysql5.5数据库v5.5.28

mysql从5.5版本开始，再也不使用./configure编译，而是使用cmake编译器，具体的cmake编译参数能够参考mysql官网文档(※ 很是重要)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/source-configuration-options.html

mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz源码包下载地址：
http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz

个人mysql目录配置以下：
安装路径：/usr/local/mysql
数据库路径：/data/mysql
源码包存放位置：/usr/software

准备工做：安装基本依赖包，先用yum安装cmake、automake 、autoconf ，另MySQL 5.5.x须要最少安装的包有：bison,gcc、gcc-c++、ncurses-devel
[root@localhost ~]# yum install cmake make -y
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf bison automake zlib* fiex* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel* -y
[root@localhost ~]# cp /root/mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz /usr/software/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/software
开始编译安装
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd mysql-5.5.28
[root@localhost ~]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
       -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock \
       -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
       -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
       -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \
       -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
       -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
       -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
       -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \
       -DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
       -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
[root@localhost ~]# make && make install

mysql官网英文文档简单翻译说明一下
The MyISAM, MERGE, MEMORY, and CSV engines are mandatory (always compiled into the server) and need not be installed explicitly.（说明：mysql默认支持的数据库引擎有MyISAM, MERGE, MEMORY, CSV，无需在编译时再声明）
因此上面的编译条件省掉了以下两行
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
但INNODB必定要声明式安装，因此多了这一行
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql                                          #添加mysql用户组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd mysql -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin        # 添加mysql用户

如下带红色字体的命令很是很是，必需要执行
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R .                               #将mysql目录赋予mysql用户的执行权限
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf   #mysql配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 scripts/mysql_install_db               #赋予mysql_install_db执行权限

如下命令为mysql 启动及自启动配置
[root@localhost ~]# scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysql  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/
[root@localhost ~]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
查看mysqld服务是否设置为开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list|grep mysqld
设置为开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

启动mysql数据库，会输出一系列有用的信息，告诉你接下去如何初始化mysql
[root@CentOSmysql]# service mysqld start
初始化 MySQL 数据库： Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h centos.huoba password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

按照上述英文，咱们来初始化管理员root的密码
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'yourpassword'

众所周知，mysql有两种账号类型，即localhost和%，前者限本机链接mysql，后者可用于其它机器远程链接mysql最后，处理账号登陆问题，让root账号密码能够本地和远程链接使用[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p                                       #敲入该命令后，屏幕会提示输入密码，输入上一步设置的yourpassword    删除root密码为空的记录    mysql> use mysql;    mysql> delete from user where password='';    mysql> flush privileges;    配置mysql容许root远程登陆                                   #登陆    mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "root";    mysql> flush privileges;    mysql> select User,Password,Host from user;

   上述命令若是执行成功    mysql> quit 至此，mysql安装已经所有结束。