文章转发自专业的Laravel开发者社区,原始连接: https://learnku.com/laravel/t...
我最近在 Laravel Brasil 社区看到一个问题,结果比看起来更有趣。想象一下你有一个 UsersResource
用下面的实现:php
<?php namespace App\Http\Resources; use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\Resource; class UsersResource extends Resource { /** * Transform the resource into an array. * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request * @return array */ public function toArray($request) { return [ 'id' => $this->id, 'name' => $this->name, 'email' => $this->email ]; } }
出于某种缘由,您可能但愿在另外一个端点上从新使用该资源类,但隐藏email
字段。这篇文章就是告诉你如何实现这一点的。
若是你不知道 API Resources
是什么,请查看我以前关于这个的文章。laravel
有趣的东西从第3节开始.git
composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel api-fields cd api-fields touch database/database.sqlite
编辑.env
文件,删除数据库设置并使用 SQLitegithub
DB_CONNECTION=sqlite
继续设置项目sql
php artisan migrate php artisan make:resource UsersResource php artisan make:resource --collection UsersResourceCollection php artisan make:controller UsersController php artisan tinker factory(App\User::class)->times(20)->create(); quit
确保在 api.php
文件中建立一个路由。数据库
Route::apiResource('/users', 'UsersController');
控制器表明了指望的目标。在这个例子中,让咱们假设在用户列表中,咱们只想要全部用户的名字,而在用户显示中,咱们只想隐藏电子邮件地址。api
<?php namespace App\Http\Controllers; use App\Http\Resources\UsersResource; use App\User; class UsersController extends Controller { /** * Display a listing of the resource. * * @param User $user * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function index(User $user) { return UsersResource::collection($user->paginate())->hide(['id', 'email']); } /** * Display a user. * * @param User $user * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function show(User $user) { return UsersResource::make($user)->hide(['id']); } }
为了达到这个目的,咱们须要 UsersResourceCollection
和UsersResource
同时知道如何处理 hide
调用。数组
让咱们从 show
方法开始. UsersResource::make
将会返回 UsersResource
的对象. 所以,咱们应该揭开 hide
的神秘面纱,它能够存储咱们指望从响应中移除的键.php7
<?php namespace App\Http\Resources; use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\Resource; class UsersResource extends Resource { /** * @var array */ protected $withoutFields = []; /** * Transform the resource into an array. * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request * @return array */ public function toArray($request) { return $this->filterFields([ 'id' => $this->id, 'name' => $this->name, 'email' => $this->email ]); } /** * Set the keys that are supposed to be filtered out. * * @param array $fields * @return $this */ public function hide(array $fields) { $this->withoutFields = $fields; return $this; } /** * Remove the filtered keys. * * @param $array * @return array */ protected function filterFields($array) { return collect($array)->forget($this->withoutFields)->toArray(); } }
大功告成! 如今咱们能够访问 http://api.dev/api/users/1
,你会发现响应中已经没有id
字段了。composer
{ "data": { "name": "Mr. Frederik Morar", "email": "darryl.wilkinson@example.org" } }
执行项目集合中的 index
方法, 咱们须要做出以下修改:
UsersResource::collection
返回 UsersResourceCollection
实例UsersResourceCollection
上公开 hide
方法UsersResource
关于 (1), 咱们只须要重写 UsersResource
中的 collection
方法
<?php namespace App\Http\Resources; use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\Resource; class UsersResource extends Resource { public static function collection($resource) { return tap(new UsersResourceCollection($resource), function ($collection) { $collection->collects = __CLASS__; }); } /** * @var array */ protected $withoutFields = []; /** * Transform the resource into an array. * 将资源转换为一个数组 * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request * @return array */ public function toArray($request) { return $this->filterFields([ 'id' => $this->id, 'name' => $this->name, 'email' => $this->email ]); } /** * Set the keys that are supposed to be filtered out. * 设置须要隐藏过滤掉的键 * * @param array $fields * @return $this */ public function hide(array $fields) { $this->withoutFields = $fields; return $this; } /** * Remove the filtered keys. * 删除隐藏的键 * * @param $array * @return array */ protected function filterFields($array) { return collect($array)->forget($this->withoutFields)->toArray(); } }
关于 (2) 和 (3) 咱们须要修改 UsersResourceCollection
文件. 让咱们公开 hide
方法并使用隐藏字段处理集合。.
<?php namespace App\Http\Resources; use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\ResourceCollection; class UsersResourceCollection extends ResourceCollection { /** * @var array */ protected $withoutFields = []; /** * Transform the resource collection into an array. * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request * @return array */ public function toArray($request) { return $this->processCollection($request); } public function hide(array $fields) { $this->withoutFields = $fields; return $this; } /** * Send fields to hide to UsersResource while processing the collection. * 将隐藏字段经过 UsersResource 处理集合 * * @param $request * @return array */ protected function processCollection($request) { return $this->collection->map(function (UsersResource $resource) use ($request) { return $resource->hide($this->withoutFields)->toArray($request); })->all(); } }
就是这么简单! 如今咱们访问 http://api.dev/api/users
看到返回结果中没有了 id
和 email
字段了如在 UsersController
中的指定方法 .
{ "data": [{ "name": "Mr. Frederik Morar" }, { "name": "Angel Daniel" }, { "name": "Brianne Mueller" }], "links": { "first": "http://lab.php71/api-fields-2/public/api/users?page=1", "last": "http://lab.php71/api-fields-2/public/api/users?page=7", "prev": null, "next": "http://lab.php71/api-fields-2/public/api/users?page=2" }, "meta": { "current_page": 1, "from": 1, "last_page": 7, "path": "http://api-fields.lab.php71/api/users", "per_page": 3, "to": 3, "total": 20 } }
本文目标是让Resource
类经过隐藏一些在其余接口容许暴露的字段从而变得更加灵活。例如当咱们请求/users
接口时响应的数据是不包含avatar
字段的,可是当请求/users/99
时响应的数据里包含avatar
字段。
我不推荐过分重复去请求API资源,由于它极可能会把简单的事情变得更加复杂,因此说在请求的时候隐藏某些特定的字段是更简单、更合理的解决方案。