nginx rewrite

（1）rewrite基本介绍

1.rewrite做用
主要实现url重写以及重定向，实现伪静态
2.rewrite语法：

syntax: rewrite regex replacement [flag]
    context: server,location,if 
例:rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.abc.com/$1 permanent;
rewrite             //为固定关键字,表示开始进行rewrite匹配规则
regex ^/(.*)        //正则表达式,匹配完整的域名和后面的路径
replacement         // http://www.abc.com/$1 $1取regex中的()里的内容,匹配成功后跳转URL 
flag        
    last            //中止rewrite检测
    break           //中止rewrite检测
    redirect        //返回302临时重定向,每一次都请求
    permanent       //返回301永久重定向,使用本地缓存

3.正则表达式：省略
4.正则表达式字段测试工具

#yum install pcre-tools -y 
#pcretest

（2）rewrite案例

1.访问www.test.com跳转到www.baidu.com

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name www.test.com;
        if ($host = "www.test.com"){
        rewrite .*  http://www.baidu.com  break;
        }

2.访问test.com跳转到www.test.com 301跳转

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name test.com;
        rewrite ^/(.*) www.test.com/$1 permanent;
        }

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name test.com;
        if ( $host != "www.test.com" ) {
            rewrite ^/(.*) www.test.com/$1 permanent;
            }
        }

3.url重写:www.test.com/nginx/123.html 重写成www.123.com/123.html

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.test.com;
        rewrite "^.+nginx(.*)$" http://www.123.com$1 permanent;
        }