Esxi主机配置文件备份及还原介绍

对于Vmware产品接触仍是至关少的，由于公司的主要使用的是Microsoft产品，近期公司上线的OA系统就要建立在Vmware Vsphere主机上，因此公司采购了一台HP 最新的4U(580G9)服务器做为运行ESXI主机的物理设备，固然配置也不会过低，内存：256GB，磁盘：本地2块300G磁盘，用于安装系统，配置Raid1，而后挂载存储链路1T磁盘空间，全部虚拟机都安装在独立磁盘中--存储。主要的问题是仅仅这一台Vsphere Host，因此对于平常的备份至关重要。网上不少帖子说，若是ESXI系统崩溃了，通常都是重装(30分钟)，可是重装后，系统不少配置就没了，因此在维护过程当中，咱们建议是备份一下ESXI主机的配置文件，这样重装后，而后把备份的配置文件导入后咱们会少不少工做量的。因此下面咱们就介绍一下如何备份ESXI主机的配置文件及还原。

咱们这次使用powercli进行ESXI主机的备份及还原。首先是须要下载powercli工具；首先须要经过vmware注册的帐户登陆，而后单点下载---搜索powercli 进行相关版本下载

https://my.vmware.com/group/vmware/details?downloadGroup=PCLI630R1_OSS&productId=491

https://my.vmware.com/group/vmware/searchresults?client=my_download&site=my_download&proxystylesheet=my_download_en&gsa_lang=en&c=ALL&q=powercli+6.0

https://my.vmware.com/group/vmware/details?downloadGroup=PCLI630R1&productId=491

下载后，咱们准备安装在windows server2012r2上

开始安装

所需组件安装

开始安装

安装完成

安装后会有两个组件，一个是x86，一个是64位的，因此咱们通常运行x64位的

运行成功

https://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?cmd=displayKC&docType=kc&externalId=2042141&sliceId=1&docTypeID=DT_KB_1_1&dialogID=197519853&stateId=0%200%20197549962

注：若是运行powercli提示错误，咱们须要修改powercli的策略，相似windows powershell的命令同样

使用get-executionpolicy查看状态确实为Restricted

使用set-executionpolicy将属性从Restricted更改成remotesigned

咱们参考官方文档，使用vsphere Powercli备份esxi主机的配置文件

Using the vSphere PowerCLI 备份

To back up the configuration data for an ESXi host using the vSphere PowerCLI, run this command:

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost ESXi_host_IP_address -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath output_directory

Where ESXi_host_IP_address is the IP address of the ESXi host and output_directory is the name of the directory where the output file will be created.

For example:

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost 10.0.0.1 -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath C:\Downloads

Note: A backup file is saved in the directory specified with the -DestinationPath option.

由于我当前只有一台ESXI主机，192.168.5.188；在导出配置前，咱们须要链接到ESXI主机；

若是不会使用命令的话，咱们能够先使用命令打开帮助文档

get-powerCLIHelp connect-viserver

例子：Connect-VIServer ESXIHOST_IP -User 'root' -Password 'password'

因此咱们使用

Connect-VIServer 192.168.5.188 -User 'root' -Password 'password'

接下来咱们能够判断是否链接成功，可使用get-vm查看当前主机下的因此vm

成功链接到ESXI主机后，接下来咱们就是导出ESXI主机配置文件

咱们参考官方文档，使用vsphere Powercli备份esxi主机的配置文件

Using the vSphere PowerCLI 备份

To back up the configuration data for an ESXi host using the vSphere PowerCLI, run this command:

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost ESXi_host_IP_address -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath output_directory

Where ESXi_host_IP_address is the IP address of the ESXi host and output_directory is the name of the directory where the output file will be created.

For example:

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost 10.0.0.1 -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath C:\Downloads

Note: A backup file is saved in the directory specified with the -DestinationPath option.

因此咱们运行

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost 192.168.5.188 -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath d:\ESXIConfigurationBak

导出成功

若是要还原的话，仍是同样的方式，先链接，而后再还原；

Using the vSphere PowerCLI 还原

Note: When restoring configuration data, the build number of the host must match the build number of the host that created the backup file. Use the -force option to override this requirement.

1. Put the host into maintenance mode by running the command:    
        
   Where ESXi_host_IP_address is the IP address of the ESXi host.

2. Set-VMHost -VMHost ESXi_host_IP_address -State 'Maintenance'

3. Restore the configuration from the backup bundle by running the command:    
   
   Where ESXi_host_IP_address is the IP address of the ESXi host, backup_file is the name of the backup bundle to use for the restore, andusername and password are the credentials to use when authenticating with the host.      
   For example:      
   Set-VMHostFirmware -VMHost 10.0.0.1 -Restore -SourcePath c:\bundleToRestore.tgz -HostUser root -HostPassword exampleRootPassword

4. Set-VMHostFirmware -VMHost ESXi_host_IP_address -Restore -SourcePath backup_file -HostUser username -HostPassword password

Additional Information

Note: The information about virtual machines is not stored in the config backup and the virtual machines must be re-inventoried from the datastore browser after a config backup restore. Also, bootbank information is not stored in a config backup. If needed, this must be backed up and downloaded separately in a compressed tar file.

For more information, see:

• Backing Up Configuration Information with vicfg-cfgbackup section in the vSphere 5.1 Command Line Documentation

• Get-VMHostFirmware section in the vSphere PowerCLI Reference

• Set-VMHostFirmware section in the vSphere PowerCLI Reference

Note: if you have installed a version of vSphere later than 5.1, see the Command Line Document and PowerCLI Reference for that version in the VMware Documentation Library.

PowerCLI Notes:

• Remember that the 64 bit version of PowerCLI is installed in C:\Program Files, and the 32 bit version is in C:\Program Files (x86).

• You must always run PowerCLI as Administrator.