iOS开发之CoreImage框架使用
iOS开发之CoreImage框架使用
CoreImage框架是一个专门用来对图片进行处理的框架，其中提供了许多高级功能，能够帮助开发者完成UIKit或者CoreGraphics框架没法完成的任务，而且使用CoreImage框架能够十分轻松的实现滤镜以及图像识别等流行技术。本篇博客主要介绍和总结CoreImage框架的使用，并提供范例代码。chrome
1、图像过滤器
1.几组内置的过滤器
CIFilter是CoreImage中提供的图像过滤器，也能够将其理解为滤镜。许多美颜应用，图像处理应用等都是为原图添加了滤镜效果。本节咱们着重看下与这个类相关的应用。首先，CoreImaghe默认提供了很是多的滤镜效果，可是并无详细的文档介绍，有关滤镜效果能够分为下面几个类别：数组
//经过改变图像的几何形状来建立3D效果，相似隆起 过滤器组 NSString * const kCICategoryDistortionEffect; //旋转扭曲相关过滤器组 NSString * const kCICategoryGeometryAdjustment; //混合过滤器组 对两个图像进行混合操做 NSString * const kCICategoryCompositeOperation; //一种色调过滤器组 相似报纸风格 NSString * const kCICategoryHalftoneEffect; //颜色过滤器组 调整对比度 亮度等 NSString * const kCICategoryColorEffect; //多个图像源的过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryTransition; //平铺图像过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryTileEffect; //滤光类过滤器 一般做为其余过滤器的输入 NSString * const kCICategoryGenerator; //减弱图像数据的过滤器 一般用来进行图像分析 NSString * const kCICategoryReduction; //渐变过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryGradient; //画像过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryStylize; //锐化过滤器 NSString * const kCICategorySharpen; //模糊过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryBlur; //视频图片相关过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryVideo; //静态图片相关过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryStillImage; //交叉图像过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryInterlaced; //非矩形图像上的过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryNonSquarePixels; //高动态图像的过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryHighDynamicRange; //CoreImage内置的过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryBuiltIn; //复合的过滤器 NSString * const kCICategoryFilterGenerator;
上面列出了很是多的类别，其实上面只是按照不一样的场景将过滤器进行了分类，每一个分类中都定义了许多内置的过滤器，使用下面的方法能够获取每一个分类下提供的过滤器：缓存
//获取某个分类的全部过滤器名 + (NSArray<NSString *> *)filterNamesInCategory:(nullable NSString *)category; //获取一组分类下的全部过滤器名 + (NSArray<NSString *> *)filterNamesInCategories:(nullable NSArray<NSString *> *)categories;
2.过滤器的一个简单示例
下面示例代码演示过滤器的简单应用：app
UIImage * img = [UIImage imageNamed:@"1.png"]; CIImage * image = [[CIImage alloc]initWithImage:img]; CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIBoxBlur" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image, nil]; [filter setDefaults]; CIContext * context = [[CIContext alloc]initWithOptions:nil]; CIImage * output = [filter outputImage]; CGImageRef ref = [context createCGImage:output fromRect:[output extent]]; UIImage * newImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:ref]; CGImageRelease(ref); UIImageView * imageView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(170, 30, 150, 400)]; imageView.image = newImage; [self.view addSubview:imageView]; UIImageView * imageView2 = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 30, 150, 400)]; imageView2.image = img; [self.view addSubview:imageView2];
效果以下图：框架
上面演示了简单的模糊过滤效果。async
3.对CIFilter类进行解析
CIFilter类的解析以下：ide
//过滤后输出的图像
@property (readonly, nonatomic, nullable) CIImage *outputImage;
//过滤器名称
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
//是否开启CoreAnimation动画效果
@property (getter=isEnabled) BOOL enabled;
//返回当前过滤器全部支持的输入键
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSArray<NSString *> *inputKeys;
//返回当前过滤器全部支持的输出键
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSArray<NSString *> *outputKeys;
//将过滤器的全部输入值设置为默认值
- (void)setDefaults;
//返回当前过滤器的属性字段
/*
须要注意这个字段对于学习此过滤器很是有用
其中会声明此过滤器的输入和输出 即若是使用
*/
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *attributes;
//用来进行过滤器的自定义 后面会介绍
- (nullable CIImage *)apply:(CIKernel *)k
arguments:(nullable NSArray *)args
options:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)dict;
//同上
- (nullable CIImage *)apply:(CIKernel *)k, ...;
//根据过滤器的名称建立过滤器
+ (nullable CIFilter *) filterWithName:(NSString *) name;
//建立过滤器 同时进行配置
+ (nullable CIFilter *)filterWithName:(NSString *)name
keysAndValues:key0, ...;
+ (nullable CIFilter *)filterWithName:(NSString *)name
withInputParameters:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)params;
//注册过滤器
+ (void)registerFilterName:(NSString *)name
constructor:(id<CIFilterConstructor>)anObject
classAttributes:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)attributes;
//将一组过滤器进行编码
+ (nullable NSData*)serializedXMPFromFilters:(NSArray<CIFilter *> *)filters
inputImageExtent:(CGRect)extent;
//进行反编码
+ (NSArray<CIFilter *> *)filterArrayFromSerializedXMP:(NSData *)xmpData
inputImageExtent:(CGRect)extent
error:(NSError **)outError;
4.经常使用过滤器详解
- 区域凸起过滤器
这个过滤器的做用是在图片的某个区域建立一块凸起。示例代码以下：函数
/* kCIInputCenterKey键用来设置滤镜中心 kCIInputScaleKey 设置为0则没有影响 1则会凸起效果 -1则会凹入效果 kCIInputRadiusKey 设置滤镜的影响范围 */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIBumpDistortion" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:200],kCIInputScaleKey,@-1,kCIInputRadiusKey,@150, nil];
效果以下：工具
- 线性凹凸过滤器
这个过滤器建立相似波纹效果，示例以下：学习
/* 与上一个过滤器相比 能够设置 kCIInputAngleKey 角度 0-2π */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIBumpDistortionLinear" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:200],kCIInputScaleKey,@-1,kCIInputRadiusKey,@150,kCIInputAngleKey,@(M_PI_2), nil];
效果以下：
- 圆形飞溅过滤器
这个过滤器的做用是选取图像的某个区域，对其四周进行飞溅拉伸，例如：
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CICircleSplashDistortion" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:200],kCIInputRadiusKey,@50, nil];
效果以下：
- 圆形缠绕过滤器
这个过滤器选取某个区域，进行缠绕效果，例如：
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CICircularWrap" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:200],kCIInputRadiusKey,@20, kCIInputAngleKey,@3,nil];
效果以下：
- 灰度混合过滤器
这个过滤器将提供混合图像的灰度值应用于目标图像，例如：
/* inputDisplacementImage设置要混合的灰度图片 */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIDroste" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,kCIInputScaleKey,@200,@"inputDisplacementImage",image2,nil];
效果以下：
- 递归绘制图像区域
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIDroste" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,@"inputInsetPoint0",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:100],@"inputInsetPoint1",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:200 Y:200],@"inputPeriodicity",@1,@"inputRotation",@0,@"inputStrands",@1,@"inputZoom",@1,nil];
效果以下：
- 玻璃纹理过滤器
这个过滤器用提供图片做为目标图片的纹理，进行混合，例如：
/* inputTexture设置纹理图像 */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIGlassDistortion" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:200],kCIInputScaleKey,@100,@"inputTexture",image2,nil];
效果以下：
- 菱形透镜过滤器
/* inputPoint0设置第一个圆的圆心 inputPoint1设置第二个圆的圆心 inputRadius设置半径 inputRefraction设置折射率 0-5之间 */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIGlassLozenge" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,@"inputPoint0",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:200],@"inputPoint1",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:200 Y:200],@"inputRadius",@100,@"inputRefraction",@2,nil];
效果以下：
- 圆孔形变过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIHoleDistortion" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,@"inputRadius",@50,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:200],nil];
效果以下：
- 九宫格拉伸过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CINinePartStretched" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBreakpoint0",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:50 Y:50],@"inputBreakpoint1",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:100],@"inputGrowAmount",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:50 Y:50],nil];
效果以下：
- 九宫格复制过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CINinePartTiled" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBreakpoint0",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:50 Y:50],@"inputBreakpoint1",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:100 Y:100],@"inputGrowAmount",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:50 Y:50],@"inputFlipYTiles",@1,nil];
效果以下：
- 紧缩过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIPinchDistortion" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputCenter",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:150],@"inputRadius",@500,@"inputScale",@1,nil];
效果以下：
- 拉伸裁剪过滤器
/* inputSize 设置拉伸裁剪尺寸 */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIStretchCrop" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputCenterStretchAmount",@1,@"inputCropAmount",@0.5,@"inputSize",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:300 Y:150],nil];
效果以下：
- 环状透镜过滤器
这个过滤器建立一个环状透镜，对图像进行扭曲。
/* inputCenter设置环中心 inputRadius 设置半径 inputRefraction 设置折射率 inputWidth 设置环宽度 */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CITorusLensDistortion" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputCenter",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:150],@"inputRadius",@150,@"inputRefraction",@1.6,@"inputWidth",@40,nil];
效果以下：
- 旋转过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CITwirlDistortion" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputAngle",@3.14,@"inputCenter",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:150],@"inputRadius",@150,nil];
效果以下：
- 涡流过滤器
//inputAngle 设置涡流角度 CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIVortexDistortion" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputAngle",@(M_PI*10),@"inputCenter",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:150],@"inputRadius",@150,nil];
效果以下：
- 形变过滤器
这个过滤器对图像进行简单的形变处理，如缩放，旋转，平移等。
CGAffineTransform tr = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI_2); CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIAffineTransform" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputTransform",[NSValue valueWithCGAffineTransform:tr],nil];
效果以下：
- 矩形裁剪过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CICrop" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputRectangle",[[CIVector alloc] initWithCGRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, 150, 150)],nil];
效果以下：
- 边缘采样过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIEdgePreserveUpsampleFilter" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image,@"inputLumaSigma",@0.15,@"inputSpatialSigma",@3,@"inputSmallImage",image2,nil];
效果以下：
- 矩形矫正过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIPerspectiveCorrection" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBottomLeft",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:0 Y:0],@"inputBottomRight",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:0],@"inputTopLeft",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:0 Y:150],@"inputTopRight",[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:150],nil];
效果如图：
- 旋转矫正过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIStraightenFilter" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputAngle",@3.14,nil];
效果以下：
- 背景混合过滤器
经过提供一个图像做为背景与目标图像进行混合。
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIAdditionCompositing" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 色彩混合过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIColorBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 暗混合过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIColorBurnBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 亮混合过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIColorDodgeBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
- 暗选择混合模式过滤器
这个过滤器将选择较暗的图像做为混合背景，例如：
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIDarkenBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 亮选择混合模式过滤器
这个过滤器将选择较亮的图像做为混合背景，例如：
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIDifferenceBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 分开混合模式过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIDivideBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 排除混合模式过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIExclusionBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 强光混合模式过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIHardLightBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 色调混合模式过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIHueBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 减轻混合模式过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CILightenBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 线性燃烧混合模式过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CILinearBurnBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 线性高亮混合过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CILinearDodgeBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 亮度混合过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CILuminosityBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 最大值混合过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIMaximumCompositing" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 最小值混合过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIMinimumCompositing" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 多重混合过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIMultiplyBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
效果以下：
- 多重合成过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIMultiplyCompositing" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
- 重叠混合模式
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIOverlayBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
- 亮混合模式
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIPinLightBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
- 饱和混合模式
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CISaturationBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
- 屏幕混合模式
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIScreenBlendMode" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
- 源图像上层混合
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CISourceAtopCompositing" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputBackgroundImage",image,nil];
- 圆屏过滤器
/* inputSharpness 设置圆圈锐度 inputWidth 设置间距 */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CICircularScreen" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:150],@"inputSharpness",@0.7,@"inputWidth",@6,nil];
- 半色调过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CICMYKHalftone" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputAngle",@0,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:150],@"inputGCR",@1,@"inputSharpness",@0.7,@"inputUCR",@0.5,@"inputWidth",@6,nil];
- 点屏过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIDotScreen" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputAngle",@0,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:150],@"inputSharpness",@0.7,@"inputWidth",@6,nil];
- 阴影屏过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIHatchedScreen" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputAngle",@0,kCIInputCenterKey,[[CIVector alloc] initWithX:150 Y:150],@"inputSharpness",@0.7,@"inputWidth",@6,nil];
- 线性sRGB过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CILinearToSRGBToneCurve" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 色彩翻转过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIColorInvert" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 色图过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIColorMap" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputGradientImage",image,nil];
- 单色过滤器
/* inputColor 设置输入颜色 inputIntensity 设置影响程度 */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIColorMonochrome" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputColor",[CIColor colorWithRed:0.5 green:0.5 blue:0.5],@"inputIntensity",@1,nil];
- 分色镜过滤器
/* inputLevels设置亮度级别 */ CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIColorPosterize" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputLevels",@6,nil];
- 反色过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIFalseColor" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputColor0",[CIColor colorWithRed:0 green:0 blue:0],@"inputColor1",[CIColor colorWithRed:1 green:1 blue:0],nil];
- 光效褪色过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIPhotoEffectFade" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 光效瞬时过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIPhotoEffectInstant" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 光效单光过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIPhotoEffectMono" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 黑色光效应过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIPhotoEffectNoir" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 光渐进过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIPhotoEffectProcess" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 光转移过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIPhotoEffectTransfer" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 棕褐色过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CISepiaTone" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 热图过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIThermal" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- X射线过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIXRay" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
- 模糊过滤器
//参数进行模糊效果的设置 CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIBokehBlur" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputSoftness",@0.5,@"inputRingSize",@0.1,@"inputRingAmount",@0,@"inputRadius",@10,nil];
- 盒模糊过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIBoxBlur" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputRadius",@10,nil];
- 阀瓣模糊过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIDiscBlur" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputRadius",@25,nil];
- 高斯模糊过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIGaussianBlur" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputRadius",@10,nil];
- 梯度模糊过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIMorphologyGradient" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputRadius",@5,nil];
- 运动模糊过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIMotionBlur" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,@"inputRadius",@5,nil];
- 缩放模糊过滤器
CIFilter * filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@"CIZoomBlur" keysAndValues:kCIInputImageKey,image2,nil];
5.自定义过滤器
上面演示了很是多的经常使用内置过滤器，咱们也能够经过继承CIFilter来自定义过滤器。
自定义过滤器以前，首先须要了解CIKernel这个类，CIKernel是Core Image Kernel Language 的抽象对象。CIKL是CoreImage中专门用来编写像素处理函数的语言。
CIKernel相关类解析以下：
//基类 用于通用的过滤函数
@interface CIKernel : NSObject
//从字符串加载一组过滤函数
+ (nullable NSArray<CIKernel *> *)kernelsWithString:(NSString *)string;
//从字符串加载一个过滤函数
+ (nullable instancetype)kernelWithString:(NSString *)string ;
//名称
@property (atomic, readonly) NSString *name ;
//进行图片生成
- (nullable CIImage *)applyWithExtent:(CGRect)extent
roiCallback:(CIKernelROICallback)callback
arguments:(nullable NSArray<id> *)args;
@end
//用于颜色修正的过滤函数
@interface CIColorKernel : CIKernel
+ (nullable instancetype)kernelWithString:(NSString *)string;
- (nullable CIImage *)applyWithExtent:(CGRect)extent
arguments:(nullable NSArray<id> *)args;
@end
//用于形状修正的过滤函数
@interface CIWarpKernel : CIKernel
+ (nullable instancetype)kernelWithString:(NSString *)string;
@end
//用于色彩混合的过滤函数
@interface CIBlendKernel : CIColorKernel
+ (nullable instancetype)kernelWithString:(NSString *)string;
- (nullable CIImage *)applyWithForeground:(CIImage*)foreground
background:(CIImage*)background;
@end
下面是一个简单的翻转图像的自定义过滤器示意，首先新建一个新的cikernel文件，命名为a.cikernel，以下：
kernel vec2 mirrorX ( float imageWidth )
{
// 获取待处理点的位置
vec2 currentVec = destCoord();
// 返回最终显示位置
return vec2 ( imageWidth - currentVec.x , currentVec.y );
}
新建一个过滤器类，命名为MyFilter，以下：
#import <CoreImage/CoreImage.h>
@interface MyFilter : CIFilter
@property(nonatomic,strong)CIImage * inputImage;
@end
#import "MyFilter.h"
@interface MyFilter()
@property(nonatomic,strong)CIWarpKernel * kernel;
@end
@implementation MyFilter
- (instancetype)init {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
//从文件读取过滤函数
NSBundle *bundle = [NSBundle bundleForClass: [self class]];
NSURL *kernelURL = [bundle URLForResource:@"a" withExtension:@"cikernel"];
NSError *error;
NSString *kernelCode = [NSString stringWithContentsOfURL:kernelURL
encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:&error];
NSArray *kernels = [CIKernel kernelsWithString:kernelCode];
self.kernel = [kernels objectAtIndex:0];
}
return self;
}
- (CIImage *)outputImage
{
CGFloat inputWidth = self.inputImage.extent.size.width;
CIImage *result = [self.kernel applyWithExtent:self.inputImage.extent roiCallback:^CGRect(int index, CGRect destRect) {
return destRect;
} inputImage:self.inputImage arguments:@[@(inputWidth)]];
return result;
}
//设置说明字典
-(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)attributes{
return @{
@"inputImage" : @{
@"CIAttributeClass" : @"CIImage",
@"CIAttributeDisplayName" : @"Image--",
@"CIAttributeType" : @"CIAttributeTypeImage"
}};
}
@end
以下进行使用便可：
MyFilter * filter = [[MyFilter alloc]init]; filter.inputImage = image2; CIContext * context = [[CIContext alloc]initWithOptions:nil]; CIImage * output = [filter outputImage]; CGImageRef ref = [context createCGImage:output fromRect:output.extent]; UIImage * newImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:ref];
2、使用CoreImage实现人脸识别
人脸识别是目前很是热门的一种图像处理技术，CoreImage内置了对人脸进行识别的相关功能接口，而且能够对人脸面部特征进行抓取，下面咱们来实现一个简单的实时识别人脸特征的Demo。
首先建立一个视图做为图像扫描视图，以下：
.h文件
//.h 文件 @interface FaceView : UIView @end
.m文件
//
// FaceView.m
// CoreImageDemo
//
// Created by jaki on 2018/12/22.
// Copyright © 2018年 jaki. All rights reserved.
//
#import "FaceView.h"
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
#import "FaceHandle.h"
//定义线程
#define FACE_SCAN_QUEUE "FACE_SCAN_QUEUE"
@interface FaceView()<AVCaptureVideoDataOutputSampleBufferDelegate>
@property(nonatomic,strong)AVCaptureSession *captureSession;
@property(nonatomic,strong)AVCaptureDeviceInput * captureInput;
@property(nonatomic,strong)AVCaptureVideoDataOutput * captureOutput;
@property(nonnull,strong)AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer * videoLayer;
@property(nonatomic,strong)dispatch_queue_t queue;
@property(nonatomic,assign)BOOL hasHandle;
@property(nonatomic,strong)UIView * faceView;
@end
@implementation FaceView
#pragma mark - Override
-(instancetype)init{
self = [super init];
if (self) {
[self install];
}
return self;
}
-(instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
[self install];
}
return self;
}
-(void)layoutSubviews{
[super layoutSubviews];
self.videoLayer.frame = self.bounds;
}
#pragma mark - InnerFunc
-(void)install{
if (![UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera]) {
NSLog(@"不支持");
return;
}
self.queue = dispatch_queue_create(FACE_SCAN_QUEUE, NULL);
[self.captureSession startRunning];
AVAuthorizationStatus status = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
if (status!=AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
NSLog(@"须要权限");
return;
}
self.videoLayer = [AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer layerWithSession:self.captureSession];
self.videoLayer.frame = CGRectZero;
self.videoLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;
[self.layer addSublayer:self.videoLayer];
[self addSubview:self.faceView];
self.faceView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height);
}
//将人脸特征点标记出来
-(void)renderReactWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info{
for (UIView * v in self.faceView.subviews) {
[v removeFromSuperview];
}
NSArray * faceArray = info[FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_ARRAY];
for (int i = 0;i < faceArray.count; i++) {
NSDictionary * face = faceArray[i];
NSValue * faceValue = face[FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_FRAME];
if (faceValue) {
CGRect faceR = [faceValue CGRectValue];
UIView * faceView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:faceR];
faceView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
faceView.layer.borderColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor;
faceView.layer.borderWidth = 2;
[self.faceView addSubview:faceView];
}
NSValue * leftEye = face[FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_LEFT_EYE_FRAME];
if (leftEye) {
CGRect leftEyeR = [leftEye CGRectValue];
UIView * eye = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:leftEyeR];
eye.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
eye.layer.borderColor = [UIColor greenColor].CGColor;
eye.layer.borderWidth = 2;
[self.faceView addSubview:eye];
}
NSValue * rightEye = face[FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_RIGHT_EYE_FRAME];
if (rightEye) {
CGRect rightEyeR = [rightEye CGRectValue];
UIView * eye = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:rightEyeR];
eye.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
eye.layer.borderColor = [UIColor greenColor].CGColor;
eye.layer.borderWidth = 2;
[self.faceView addSubview:eye];
}
NSValue * mouth = face[FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_MOUTH_FRAME];
if (mouth) {
CGRect mouthR = [mouth CGRectValue];
UIView * mouth = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:mouthR];
mouth.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
mouth.layer.borderColor = [UIColor orangeColor].CGColor;
mouth.layer.borderWidth = 2;
[self.faceView addSubview:mouth];
}
}
}
#pragma AVDelegate
//进行画面的捕获
-(void)captureOutput:(AVCaptureOutput *)output didOutputSampleBuffer:(CMSampleBufferRef)sampleBuffer fromConnection:(AVCaptureConnection *)connection{
if (self.hasHandle) {
return;
}
self.hasHandle = YES;
CVImageBufferRef imageBuffer = CMSampleBufferGetImageBuffer(sampleBuffer);
CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(imageBuffer,0);
uint8_t *baseAddress = (uint8_t *)CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(imageBuffer);
size_t bytesPerRow = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(imageBuffer);
size_t width = CVPixelBufferGetWidth(imageBuffer);
size_t height = CVPixelBufferGetHeight(imageBuffer);
CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
CGContextRef newContext = CGBitmapContextCreate(baseAddress,width, height, 8, bytesPerRow, colorSpace,kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little | kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst);
CGImageRef newImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(newContext);
CGContextRelease(newContext);
CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
UIImage *image= [UIImage imageWithCGImage:newImage scale:1.0 orientation:UIImageOrientationRight];
CGImageRelease(newImage);
//image
//进行人脸识别的核心工具类
[[FaceHandle sharedInstance] handleImage:image viewSize:self.frame.size completed:^(BOOL success, NSDictionary *info) {
self.hasHandle = NO;
[self renderReactWithInfo:info];
}];
CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(imageBuffer,0);
}
#pragma mark - setter and getter
-(AVCaptureSession *)captureSession{
if (!_captureSession) {
_captureSession = [[AVCaptureSession alloc]init];
[_captureSession addInput:self.captureInput];
[_captureSession addOutput:self.captureOutput];
}
return _captureSession;
}
-(AVCaptureDeviceInput *)captureInput{
if (!_captureInput) {
_captureInput = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:[AVCaptureDevice defaultDeviceWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] error:nil];
}
return _captureInput;
}
-(AVCaptureVideoDataOutput *)captureOutput{
if (!_captureOutput) {
_captureOutput = [[AVCaptureVideoDataOutput alloc]init];
_captureOutput.alwaysDiscardsLateVideoFrames = YES;
[_captureOutput setSampleBufferDelegate:self queue:self.queue];
_captureOutput.videoSettings = @{(__bridge NSString *)kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey:@(kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA)};
}
return _captureOutput;
}
-(UIView *)faceView{
if (!_faceView) {
_faceView = [[UIView alloc]init];
_faceView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
}
return _faceView;
}
@end
在真机上运行工程，经过摄像头能够将实时的画面捕获到屏幕上，下面实现核心的人脸识别代码：
建立继承于NSObject的FaceHandle类，以下：
.h文件
extern const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_ARRAY; extern const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_FRAME; extern const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_LEFT_EYE_FRAME; extern const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_RIGHT_EYE_FRAME; extern const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_MOUTH_FRAME; extern const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_ERROR; @interface FaceHandle : NSObject +(instancetype)sharedInstance; -(void)handleImage:(UIImage *)image viewSize:(CGSize )viewSize completed:(void(^)(BOOL success,NSDictionary * info))completion; @end
.m文件
#import "FaceHandle.h"
#define FACE_HANDLE_DISPATCH_QUEUE "FACE_HANDLE_DISPATCH_QUEUE"
const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_FRAME = @"FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_FRAME";
const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_LEFT_EYE_FRAME = @"FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_LEFT_EYE_FRAME";
const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_RIGHT_EYE_FRAME = @"FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_RIGHT_EYE_FRAME";
const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_MOUTH_FRAME = @"FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_MOUTH_FRAME";
const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_ERROR = @"FACE_HANDLE_INFO_ERROR";
const NSString * FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_ARRAY = @"FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_ARRAY";
@interface FaceHandle()
@property(nonatomic,strong)dispatch_queue_t workingQueue;
@end
@implementation FaceHandle
+(instancetype)sharedInstance{
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
static FaceHandle * sharedInstance = nil;
if (!sharedInstance) {
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
sharedInstance = [[FaceHandle alloc] init];
});
}
return sharedInstance;
}
#pragma mark - Override
-(instancetype)init{
self = [super init];
if (self) {
self.workingQueue = dispatch_queue_create(FACE_HANDLE_DISPATCH_QUEUE, NULL);
}
return self;
}
#pragma mark - InnerFunc
-(void)handleImage:(UIImage *)image viewSize:(CGSize )viewSize completed:(void (^)(BOOL , NSDictionary *))completion{
if (!image) {
if (completion) {
completion(NO,@{FACE_HANDLE_INFO_ERROR:@"图片捕获出错"});
}
return;
}
dispatch_async(self.workingQueue, ^{
UIImage * newImage = [self strectImage:image withSize:viewSize];
if (newImage) {
NSArray * faceArray = [self analyseFaceImage:newImage];
if (completion) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
completion(YES,@{FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_ARRAY:faceArray});
});
}
}else{
if (completion) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
completion(NO,@{FACE_HANDLE_INFO_ERROR:@"图片识别出错"});
});
}
}
});
}
//图片放大处理
-(UIImage *)strectImage:(UIImage *)img withSize:(CGSize)size{
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(size);
CGRect thumbnailRect = CGRectZero;
thumbnailRect.origin = CGPointMake(0, 0);
thumbnailRect.size.width = size.width;
thumbnailRect.size.height = size.height;
[img drawInRect:thumbnailRect];
UIImage * newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
if (newImage) {
return newImage;
}
return nil;
}
-(NSArray *)analyseFaceImage:(UIImage *)image{
NSMutableArray * dataArray = [NSMutableArray array];
CIImage * cImage = [CIImage imageWithCGImage:image.CGImage];
NSDictionary* opts = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:
CIDetectorAccuracyHigh forKey:CIDetectorAccuracy];
//进行分析
CIDetector* detector = [CIDetector detectorOfType:CIDetectorTypeFace
context:nil options:opts];
//获取特征数组
NSArray* features = [detector featuresInImage:cImage];
CGSize inputImageSize = [cImage extent].size;
CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, 1, -1);
transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, 0, -inputImageSize.height);
for (CIFaceFeature *faceFeature in features){
NSMutableDictionary * faceDic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
CGRect faceViewBounds = CGRectApplyAffineTransform(faceFeature.bounds, transform);
[faceDic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGRect:faceViewBounds] forKey:(NSString *)FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_FRAME];
CGFloat faceWidth = faceFeature.bounds.size.width;
if(faceFeature.hasLeftEyePosition){
CGPoint faceViewLeftPoint = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(faceFeature.leftEyePosition, transform);
CGRect leftEyeBounds = CGRectMake(faceViewLeftPoint.x-faceWidth*0.1, faceViewLeftPoint.y-faceWidth*0.1, faceWidth*0.2, faceWidth*0.2);
[faceDic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGRect:leftEyeBounds] forKey:(NSString *)FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_LEFT_EYE_FRAME];
}
if(faceFeature.hasRightEyePosition){
//获取人右眼对应的point
CGPoint faceViewRightPoint = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(faceFeature.rightEyePosition, transform);
CGRect rightEyeBounds = CGRectMake(faceViewRightPoint.x-faceWidth*0.1, faceViewRightPoint.y-faceWidth*0.1, faceWidth*0.2, faceWidth*0.2);
[faceDic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGRect:rightEyeBounds] forKey:(NSString *)FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_RIGHT_EYE_FRAME];
}
if(faceFeature.hasMouthPosition){
//获取人嘴巴对应的point
CGPoint faceViewMouthPoint = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(faceFeature.mouthPosition, transform);
CGRect mouthBounds = CGRectMake(faceViewMouthPoint.x-faceWidth*0.2, faceViewMouthPoint.y-faceWidth*0.2, faceWidth*0.4, faceWidth*0.4);
[faceDic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGRect:mouthBounds] forKey:(NSString *)FACE_HANDLE_INFO_FACE_MOUTH_FRAME];
}
[dataArray addObject:faceDic];
}
return [dataArray copy];
}
@end
打开百度，随便搜索一些人脸图片进行识别，能够看到识别率仍是很高，以下图：
3、CIImage中提供了其余图像识别功能
CIDetector除了能够用来进行人脸识别外，还支持进行二维码、矩形、文字等检测。
矩形区域识别，用来检测图像中的矩形边界，核心代码以下：
-(NSArray *)analyseRectImage:(UIImage *)image{
NSMutableArray * dataArray = [NSMutableArray array];
CIImage * cImage = [CIImage imageWithCGImage:image.CGImage];
NSDictionary* opts = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:
CIDetectorAccuracyHigh forKey:CIDetectorAccuracy];
CIDetector* detector = [CIDetector detectorOfType:CIDetectorTypeRectangle
context:nil options:opts];
NSArray* features = [detector featuresInImage:cImage];
CGSize inputImageSize = [cImage extent].size;
CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, 1, -1);
transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, 0, -inputImageSize.height);
for (CIRectangleFeature *feature in features){
NSLog(@"%lu",features.count);
NSMutableDictionary * dic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
CGRect viewBounds = CGRectApplyAffineTransform(feature.bounds, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGRect:viewBounds] forKey:@"rectBounds"];
CGPoint topLeft = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.topLeft, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:topLeft] forKey:@"topLeft"];
CGPoint topRight = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.topRight, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:topRight] forKey:@"topRight"];
CGPoint bottomLeft = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.bottomLeft, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:bottomLeft] forKey:@"bottomLeft"];
CGPoint bottomRight = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.bottomRight, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:bottomRight] forKey:@"bottomRight"];
[dataArray addObject:dic];
}
return [dataArray copy];
}
效果以下图所示：
二维码扫描不只能够分析出图片中的二维码位置，还能够解析出二维码数据，核心代码以下：
-(NSArray *)analyseQRImage:(UIImage *)image{
NSMutableArray * dataArray = [NSMutableArray array];
CIImage * cImage = [CIImage imageWithCGImage:image.CGImage];
NSDictionary* opts = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:
CIDetectorAccuracyHigh forKey:CIDetectorAccuracy];
CIDetector* detector = [CIDetector detectorOfType:CIDetectorTypeQRCode
context:nil options:opts];
NSArray* features = [detector featuresInImage:cImage];
CGSize inputImageSize = [cImage extent].size;
CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, 1, -1);
transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, 0, -inputImageSize.height);
for (CIQRCodeFeature *feature in features){
NSMutableDictionary * dic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
CGRect viewBounds = CGRectApplyAffineTransform(feature.bounds, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGRect:viewBounds] forKey:@"rectBounds"];
CGPoint topLeft = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.topLeft, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:topLeft] forKey:@"topLeft"];
CGPoint topRight = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.topRight, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:topRight] forKey:@"topRight"];
CGPoint bottomLeft = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.bottomLeft, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:bottomLeft] forKey:@"bottomLeft"];
CGPoint bottomRight = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.bottomRight, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:bottomRight] forKey:@"bottomRight"];
[dic setValue:feature.messageString forKey:@"content"];
[dataArray addObject:dic];
}
return [dataArray copy];
}
CIImage框架中还支持对文本区域进行分析，核心代码以下：
-(NSArray *)analyseTextImage:(UIImage *)image{
NSMutableArray * dataArray = [NSMutableArray array];
CIImage * cImage = [CIImage imageWithCGImage:image.CGImage];
NSDictionary* opts = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:
CIDetectorAccuracyHigh forKey:CIDetectorAccuracy];
CIDetector* detector = [CIDetector detectorOfType:CIDetectorTypeText
context:nil options:nil];
NSArray* features = [detector featuresInImage:cImage options:@{CIDetectorReturnSubFeatures:@YES}];
CGSize inputImageSize = [cImage extent].size;
CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, 1, -1);
transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, 0, -inputImageSize.height);
for (CITextFeature *feature in features){
NSLog(@"%@",feature.subFeatures);
NSMutableDictionary * dic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
CGRect viewBounds = CGRectApplyAffineTransform(feature.bounds, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGRect:viewBounds] forKey:@"rectBounds"];
CGPoint topLeft = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.topLeft, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:topLeft] forKey:@"topLeft"];
CGPoint topRight = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.topRight, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:topRight] forKey:@"topRight"];
CGPoint bottomLeft = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.bottomLeft, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:bottomLeft] forKey:@"bottomLeft"];
CGPoint bottomRight = CGPointApplyAffineTransform(feature.bottomRight, transform);
[dic setValue:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:bottomRight] forKey:@"bottomRight"];
[dataArray addObject:dic];
}
return [dataArray copy];
}
效果以下图所示：
4、CoreImage中的相关核心类
1.CIColor类
CIColor类是CoreImage中描述色彩的类。
//经过CGColor建立CIColor + (instancetype)colorWithCGColor:(CGColorRef)c; //构造方法 + (instancetype)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)r green:(CGFloat)g blue:(CGFloat)b alpha:(CGFloat)a; + (instancetype)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)r green:(CGFloat)g blue:(CGFloat)b; + (nullable instancetype)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)r green:(CGFloat)g blue:(CGFloat)b alpha:(CGFloat)a colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace; + (nullable instancetype)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)r green:(CGFloat)g blue:(CGFloat)b colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace; - (instancetype)initWithCGColor:(CGColorRef)c; //经过字符串建立CIColor对象 + (instancetype)colorWithString:(NSString *)representation; - (instancetype)initWithRed:(CGFloat)r green:(CGFloat)g blue:(CGFloat)b alpha:(CGFloat)a; - (instancetype)initWithRed:(CGFloat)r green:(CGFloat)g blue:(CGFloat)b; - (nullable instancetype)initWithRed:(CGFloat)r green:(CGFloat)g blue:(CGFloat)b alpha:(CGFloat)a colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace; - (nullable instancetype)initWithRed:(CGFloat)r green:(CGFloat)g blue:(CGFloat)b colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace; //获取颜色份量个数 @property (readonly) size_t numberOfComponents; //颜色份量 @property (readonly) const CGFloat *components; //颜色透明度 @property (readonly) CGFloat alpha; //色彩空间 @property (readonly) CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace; //红绿蓝份量 @property (readonly) CGFloat red; @property (readonly) CGFloat green; @property (readonly) CGFloat blue; //下面是定义的一些便捷的颜色变量 @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *blackColor ; @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *whiteColor ; @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *grayColor ; @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *redColor ; @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *greenColor ; @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *blueColor ; @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *cyanColor ; @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *magentaColor ; @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *yellowColor ; @property (class, strong, readonly) CIColor *clearColor
2.CIImage类
CIImage是CoreImage中最核心的类，它描述了图像对象。
//建立一个新的CIImage实例
+ (CIImage *)imageWithCGImage:(CGImageRef)image;
//经过字典建立一个新的CIImage实例
/*
字典中的键
kCIImageColorSpace 设置颜色空间 为CGColorSpaceRef对象
kCIImageNearestSampling 是否临近采样 布尔值
kCIImageProperties 设置图片属性字典
kCIImageApplyOrientationProperty 布尔值 是否根据方向进行转换
kCIImageTextureTarget NSNumber值 设置OpebGL目标纹理常数
kCIImageTextureFormat NSNumber值 设置OpebGL format
kCIImageAuxiliaryDepth 布尔值 是否返回深度图像
kCIImageAuxiliaryDisparity 布尔值 是否返回辅助时差图像
kCIImageAuxiliaryPortraitEffectsMatte 布尔值 是否返回肖像模板
*/
+ (CIImage *)imageWithCGImage:(CGImageRef)image
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
//经过CALayer进行CIImage的建立
+ (CIImage *)imageWithCGLayer:(CGLayerRef)layer NS_DEPRECATED_MAC(10_4,10_11);
+ (CIImage *)imageWithCGLayer:(CGLayerRef)layer
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
//使用bitmap数据建立CIImage
+ (CIImage *)imageWithBitmapData:(NSData *)data
bytesPerRow:(size_t)bytesPerRow
size:(CGSize)size
format:(CIFormat)format
colorSpace:(nullable CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace;
//经过纹理建立CIImage
+ (CIImage *)imageWithTexture:(unsigned int)name
size:(CGSize)size
flipped:(BOOL)flipped
colorSpace:(nullable CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace;
+ (CIImage *)imageWithTexture:(unsigned int)name
size:(CGSize)size
flipped:(BOOL)flipped
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
+ (nullable CIImage *)imageWithMTLTexture:(id<MTLTexture>)texture
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
//经过url建立CIImage
+ (nullable CIImage *)imageWithContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url;
+ (nullable CIImage *)imageWithContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
//经过NSDate建立CIImage
+ (nullable CIImage *)imageWithData:(NSData *)data;
+ (nullable CIImage *)imageWithData:(NSData *)data
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
//经过CVImageBufferRef建立CIImage
+ (CIImage *)imageWithCVImageBuffer:(CVImageBufferRef)imageBuffer;
+ (CIImage *)imageWithCVImageBuffer:(CVImageBufferRef)imageBuffer
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
//经过CVPixelBufferRef建立CIImage
+ (CIImage *)imageWithCVPixelBuffer:(CVPixelBufferRef)pixelBuffer;
+ (CIImage *)imageWithCVPixelBuffer:(CVPixelBufferRef)pixelBuffer
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
//经过颜色建立CIImage
+ (CIImage *)imageWithColor:(CIColor *)color;
//建立空CIImage
+ (CIImage *)emptyImage;
//初始化方法
- (instancetype)initWithCGImage:(CGImageRef)image;
- (instancetype)initWithCGImage:(CGImageRef)image
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
- (instancetype)initWithCGLayer:(CGLayerRef)layer);
- (instancetype)initWithCGLayer:(CGLayerRef)layer;
- (instancetype)initWithBitmapData:(NSData *)data
bytesPerRow:(size_t)bytesPerRow
size:(CGSize)size
format:(CIFormat)format
colorSpace:(nullable CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace;
- (instancetype)initWithTexture:(unsigned int)name
size:(CGSize)size
flipped:(BOOL)flipped
colorSpace:(nullable CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace;
- (instancetype)initWithTexture:(unsigned int)name
size:(CGSize)size
flipped:(BOOL)flipped
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
- (nullable instancetype)initWithMTLTexture:(id<MTLTexture>)texture
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options；
- (nullable instancetype)initWithContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url;
- (nullable instancetype)initWithContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
- (instancetype)initWithCVImageBuffer:(CVImageBufferRef)imageBuffer;
- (instancetype)initWithCVImageBuffer:(CVImageBufferRef)imageBuffer
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
- (instancetype)initWithCVPixelBuffer:(CVPixelBufferRef)pixelBuffer;
- (instancetype)initWithCVPixelBuffer:(CVPixelBufferRef)pixelBuffer
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIImageOption, id> *)options;
- (instancetype)initWithColor:(CIColor *)color;
//追加变换 返回结果CIImage对象
- (CIImage *)imageByApplyingTransform:(CGAffineTransform)matrix;
- (CIImage *)imageByApplyingOrientation:(int)orientation;
- (CIImage *)imageByApplyingCGOrientation:(CGImagePropertyOrientation)orientation;
//根据方向获取变换
- (CGAffineTransform)imageTransformForOrientation:(int)orientation;
- (CGAffineTransform)imageTransformForCGOrientation:(CGImagePropertyOrientation)orientation;
//进行混合
- (CIImage *)imageByCompositingOverImage:(CIImage *)dest;
//区域裁剪
- (CIImage *)imageByCroppingToRect:(CGRect)rect;
//返回图像边缘
- (CIImage *)imageByClampingToExtent;
//设置边缘 返回新图像对象
- (CIImage *)imageByClampingToRect:(CGRect)rect;
//用过滤器进行过滤
- (CIImage *)imageByApplyingFilter:(NSString *)filterName
withInputParameters:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)params;
- (CIImage *)imageByApplyingFilter:(NSString *)filterName;
//图像边缘
@property (NS_NONATOMIC_IOSONLY, readonly) CGRect extent;
//属性字典
@property (atomic, readonly) NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *properties;
//经过URL建立的图像的URL
@property (atomic, readonly, nullable) NSURL *url;
//颜色空间
@property (atomic, readonly, nullable) CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace;
//经过CGImage建立的CGImage对象
@property (nonatomic, readonly, nullable) CGImageRef CGImage;
3.CIContext类
CIContext是CoreImage中的上下文对象，用来进行图片的渲染，已经转换为其余框架的图像对象。
//经过CGContextRef上下文建立CIContext上下文
/*
配置字典中能够进行配置的：
kCIContextOutputColorSpace 设置输出的颜色空间
kCIContextWorkingColorSpace 设置工做的颜色空间
kCIContextWorkingFormat 设置缓冲区数据格式
kCIContextHighQualityDownsample 布尔值
kCIContextOutputPremultiplied 设置输出是否带alpha通道
kCIContextCacheIntermediates 布尔值
kCIContextUseSoftwareRenderer 设置是否使用软件渲染
kCIContextPriorityRequestLow 是否低质量
*/
+ (CIContext *)contextWithCGContext:(CGContextRef)cgctx
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIContextOption, id> *)options;
//建立上下文对象
+ (CIContext *)contextWithOptions:(nullable NSDictionary<CIContextOption, id> *)options;
+ (CIContext *)context;
- (instancetype)initWithOptions:(nullable NSDictionary<CIContextOption, id> *)options;
//使用指定的处理器建立CIContext
+ (CIContext *)contextWithMTLDevice:(id<MTLDevice>)device;
+ (CIContext *)contextWithMTLDevice:(id<MTLDevice>)device
options:(nullable NSDictionary<CIContextOption, id> *)options;
//工做的颜色空间
@property (nullable, nonatomic, readonly) CGColorSpaceRef workingColorSpace;
//缓冲区格式
@property (nonatomic, readonly) CIFormat workingFormat;
//进行CIImage图像的绘制
- (void)drawImage:(CIImage *)image
atPoint:(CGPoint)atPoint
fromRect:(CGRect)fromRect;
- (void)drawImage:(CIImage *)image
inRect:(CGRect)inRect
fromRect:(CGRect)fromRect;
//使用CIImage建立CGImageRef
- (nullable CGImageRef)createCGImage:(CIImage *)image;
fromRect:(CGRect)fromRect;
- (nullable CGImageRef)createCGImage:(CIImage *)image
fromRect:(CGRect)fromRect
format:(CIFormat)format
colorSpace:(nullable CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace;
//建立CALayer
- (nullable CGLayerRef)createCGLayerWithSize:(CGSize)size
info:(nullable CFDictionaryRef)info;
//将图片写入bitMap数据
- (void)render:(CIImage *)image
toBitmap:(void *)data
rowBytes:(ptrdiff_t)rowBytes
bounds:(CGRect)bounds
format:(CIFormat)format;
//将图片写入缓存
- (void)render:(CIImage *)image
toCVPixelBuffer:(CVPixelBufferRef)buffer
colorSpace:(nullable CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace;
- (void)render:(CIImage *)image
toCVPixelBuffer:(CVPixelBufferRef)buffer
bounds:(CGRect)bounds
colorSpace:(nullable CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace；
//将图片写入纹理
- (void)render:(CIImage *)image
toMTLTexture:(id<MTLTexture>)texture
commandBuffer:(nullable id<MTLCommandBuffer>)commandBuffer
bounds:(CGRect)bounds
colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace;
//清除缓存
- (void)clearCaches;
//输入图像的最大尺寸
- (CGSize)inputImageMaximumSize;
//输出图像的最大尺寸
- (CGSize)outputImageMaximumSize;
//将CIImage写成TIFF数据
- (nullable NSData*) TIFFRepresentationOfImage:(CIImage*)image
format:(CIFormat)format
colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace
options:(NSDictionary<CIImageRepresentationOption, id>*)options;
//将CIImage写成JPEG数据
- (nullable NSData*) JPEGRepresentationOfImage:(CIImage*)image
colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace
options:(NSDictionary<CIImageRepresentationOption, id>*)options;
//将CIImage写成HEIF数据
- (nullable NSData*) HEIFRepresentationOfImage:(CIImage*)image
format:(CIFormat)format
colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace
options:(NSDictionary<CIImageRepresentationOption, id>*)options;
//将CIImage写成PNG数据
- (nullable NSData*) PNGRepresentationOfImage:(CIImage*)image
format:(CIFormat)format
colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace
options:(NSDictionary<CIImageRepresentationOption, id>*)options;
//将CIImage写入TIFF文件
- (BOOL) writeTIFFRepresentationOfImage:(CIImage*)image
toURL:(NSURL*)url
format:(CIFormat)format
colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace
options:(NSDictionary<CIImageRepresentationOption, id>*)options
error:(NSError **)errorPtr;
//将CIImage写入PNG文件
- (BOOL) writePNGRepresentationOfImage:(CIImage*)image
toURL:(NSURL*)url
format:(CIFormat)format
colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace
options:(NSDictionary<CIImageRepresentationOption, id>*)options
error:(NSError **)errorPtr;
//将CIImage写入JPEG文件
- (BOOL) writeJPEGRepresentationOfImage:(CIImage*)image
toURL:(NSURL*)url
colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace
options:(NSDictionary<CIImageRepresentationOption, id>*)options
error:(NSError **)errorPtr;
//将CIImage写HEIF文件
- (BOOL) writeHEIFRepresentationOfImage:(CIImage*)image
toURL:(NSURL*)url
format:(CIFormat)format
colorSpace:(CGColorSpaceRef)colorSpace
options:(NSDictionary<CIImageRepresentationOption, id>*)options
error:(NSError **)errorPtr;
4.CIDetector类
前面有过CIDetector类的功能演示，这是CIImage框架中很是强大的一个类，使用它能够进行复杂的图片识别技术，解析以下：
//建立CIDetector实例
/*
type用来指定识别的类型
CIDetectorTypeFace 人脸识别模式
CIDetectorTypeRectangle 矩形检测模式
CIDetectorTypeText 文本区域检测模式
CIDetectorTypeQRCode 二维码扫描模式
option能够指定配置字典 可配置的键以下
CIDetectorAccuracy 设置检测精度 CIDetectorAccuracyLow 低 CIDetectorAccuracyHigh 高
CIDetectorTracking 设置是否跟踪特征
CIDetectorMinFeatureSize 设置特征最小尺寸 0-1之间 相对图片
CIDetectorMaxFeatureCount 设置最大特征数
CIDetectorImageOrientation 设置方向
CIDetectorEyeBlink 设置布尔值 是否提取面部表情 眨眼
CIDetectorSmile 设置布尔值 是否提取面部表情 微笑
CIDetectorFocalLength 设置焦距
CIDetectorAspectRatio 设置检测到矩形的宽高比
CIDetectorReturnSubFeatures 设置是否提取子特征
*/
+ (nullable CIDetector *)detectorOfType:(NSString*)type
context:(nullable CIContext *)context
options:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)options;
//进行图片分析 提取特征数组
- (NSArray<CIFeature *> *)featuresInImage:(CIImage *)image;
- (NSArray<CIFeature *> *)featuresInImage:(CIImage *)image
options:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)options;
5.CIFeature相关类
CIFeature与其相关子类定义了特征数据模型。
@interface CIFeature : NSObject {}
//特征类型
/*
CIFeatureTypeFace
CIFeatureTypeRectangle
CIFeatureTypeQRCode
CIFeatureTypeText
*/
@property (readonly, retain) NSString *type;
//特征在图片中的bounds
@property (readonly, assign) CGRect bounds;
@end
//人脸特征对象
@interface CIFaceFeature : CIFeature
//位置尺寸
@property (readonly, assign) CGRect bounds;
//左眼位置
@property (readonly, assign) BOOL hasLeftEyePosition;
@property (readonly, assign) CGPoint leftEyePosition;
//是否有左眼特征
@property (readonly, assign) BOOL hasRightEyePosition;
//右眼位置
@property (readonly, assign) CGPoint rightEyePosition;
//是否有右眼特征
@property (readonly, assign) BOOL hasMouthPosition;
//口部特征
@property (readonly, assign) CGPoint mouthPosition;
//是否有跟踪特征ID
@property (readonly, assign) BOOL hasTrackingID;
//跟踪特征ID
@property (readonly, assign) int trackingID;
@property (readonly, assign) BOOL hasTrackingFrameCount;
@property (readonly, assign) int trackingFrameCount;
@property (readonly, assign) BOOL hasFaceAngle;
@property (readonly, assign) float faceAngle;
//是否微笑
@property (readonly, assign) BOOL hasSmile;
//左眼是否闭眼
@property (readonly, assign) BOOL leftEyeClosed;
//右眼是否闭眼
@property (readonly, assign) BOOL rightEyeClosed;
@end
//矩形特征对象
@interface CIRectangleFeature : CIFeature
//位置尺寸
@property (readonly) CGRect bounds;
@property (readonly) CGPoint topLeft;
@property (readonly) CGPoint topRight;
@property (readonly) CGPoint bottomLeft;
@property (readonly) CGPoint bottomRight;
@end
//二维码特征对象
@interface CIQRCodeFeature : CIFeature
//位置尺寸信息
@property (readonly) CGRect bounds;
@property (readonly) CGPoint topLeft;
@property (readonly) CGPoint topRight;
@property (readonly) CGPoint bottomLeft;
@property (readonly) CGPoint bottomRight;
//二维码内容
@property (nullable, readonly) NSString* messageString;
//二维码描述数据
@property (nullable, readonly) CIQRCodeDescriptor *symbolDescriptor NS_AVAILABLE(10_13, 11_0);
@end
//文本特征对象
@interface CITextFeature : CIFeature
//位置信息
@property (readonly) CGRect bounds;
@property (readonly) CGPoint topLeft;
@property (readonly) CGPoint topRight;
@property (readonly) CGPoint bottomLeft;
@property (readonly) CGPoint bottomRight;
//子特征
@property (nullable, readonly) NSArray *subFeatures;
@end
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