树莓派3连接wifi

时间 2019-12-05

标签树莓连接 wifi 栏目无线繁體版

原文原文链接

查看网卡状态

咱们能够使用ifconfig命令查看当前的网卡状态信息。vim

root@raspberrypi:~# ifconfig 
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.31.159  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.31.255
        inet6 fe80::a579:e25:d60e:838a  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether b8:27:eb:08:b2:02  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 42954  bytes 2101217 (2.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 27  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 292  bytes 26175 (25.5 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

wlan0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether b8:27:eb:5d:e7:57  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

其中eth0为有线网卡，lo表明127.0.0.1即localhost，wlan0表明无线网卡。网络

下表对参数作一下简单解释框架

<>	UP 网卡已启用less BROADCAST 广播oop LOOPBACK 本地访问ui RUNNING 网卡正在运行spa MULTICAST 多路广播code
mtu	MTU（Maximum Transmission Unit）最大传输单元
inet	IPV4地址
netmask	网络掩码
broadcast	广播地址
inet6	IPV6地址
prefixlen	前缀长度
ether	网卡地址（MAC）
txqueuelen	传输缓区长度大小意思
RX packets bytes	接收{数据包数量数据包大小}
RX errors dropped overruns frame	接收{错误数丢包数溢出数框架}
TX packets bytes	发送{数据包数量数据包大小}
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions	发送{错误数丢包数溢出数载体冲突}

查看无线链接状态

ESSID参数为off显然尚未连接无线网络ip

root@raspberrypi:~# iwconfig
wlan0     IEEE 802.11  ESSID:off/any  
          Mode:Managed  Access Point: Not-Associated   Tx-Power=31 dBm   
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Encryption key:off
          Power Management:on
          
lo        no wireless extensions.

eth0      no wireless extensions.

查找无线网络

列出可以搜索到的所有无线网络ci

root@raspberrypi:~# iwlist wlan0 scan    
wlan0     Scan completed :
          Cell 01 - Address: A8:57:4E:86:7B:7E
                    Channel:1
                    Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1)
                    Quality=43/70  Signal level=-67 dBm  
                    Encryption key:on
                    ESSID:"TP-LINK_867"
                    Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s
                              9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s
                    Bit Rates:24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
                    Mode:Master
                    Extra:tsf=0000000000000000
                    Extra: Last beacon: 80ms ago
                    IE: Unknown: 000B54502D4C494E4B5F383637
                    IE: Unknown: 010882848B960C121824
                    IE: Unknown: 030101
                    IE: Unknown: 2A0100
                    IE: Unknown: 32043048606C
                    IE: Unknown: 2D1A6E1003FFFF000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
                    IE: Unknown: 3D1601050200000000000000000000000000000000000000
                    IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1
                        Group Cipher : CCMP
                        Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP
                        Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
                    IE: WPA Version 1
                        Group Cipher : CCMP
                        Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP
                        Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
                    IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101000003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00
                    IE: Unknown: DD05000AEB0100
                    IE: Unknown: DD8E0050F204104A0001101044000102103B0001031047001000000000000010000000A8574E867B7E1021000754502D4C494E4B10230009544C2D57523834324E10240003342E3010420007312E312E312E331054000800060050F204000110110018576972656C657373204E20526F757465722057523834324E100800022288103C0001011049000600372A000120

配置wifi信息

root@raspberrypi:~# vim /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

在配置文件中增长无线wifi的配置

...
network={    
    ssid="Xiaomi_F636"
    psk="imlichao"
}

重启系统

重启系统后咱们能够看到无线网卡已经启用并链接到了wifi。

root@raspberrypi:~# ifconfig 
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.31.159  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.31.255
        inet6 fe80::a579:e25:d60e:838a  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether b8:27:eb:08:b2:02  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 895  bytes 48460 (47.3 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 1  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 91  bytes 13742 (13.4 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

wlan0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.31.134  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.31.255
        inet6 fe80::36eb:7046:a7fb:ddb3  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether b8:27:eb:5d:e7:57  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 69  bytes 8121 (7.9 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 36  bytes 6014 (5.8 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

root@raspberrypi:~# iwconfig 
wlan0     IEEE 802.11  ESSID:"Xiaomi_F636"  
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.412 GHz  Access Point: 64:09:80:12:F6:37   
          Bit Rate=24 Mb/s   Tx-Power=31 dBm   
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Encryption key:off
          Power Management:on
          Link Quality=55/70  Signal level=-55 dBm  
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0

lo        no wireless extensions.

eth0      no wireless extensions.