第一阶段·Linux运维基础-第1章·Linux基础及入门介绍

时间 2020-05-30

标签第一阶段 linux 基础入门介绍栏目 Linux 繁體版

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<ul> <li><span style="color: #cc99ff;"><span>01-课程介绍-学习流程</span></span></li> </ul> <div class="play-header-left"> <ul> <li> <p class="_mce_tagged_br"><span style="color: #cc99ff;">02-服务器硬件-详解</span></p> </li> </ul> <div class="play-header-left _mce_tagged_br"> <ul> <li> <p class="_mce_tagged_br"><span style="color: #cc99ff;">03-服务器核心硬件-服务器型号-电源-CPU</span></p> </li> </ul> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">01-课程介绍-学习流程</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">1.1. 光看不练，等于白干；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">1.2 不看光练，思想怠慢；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">1.3 即看又练，你就牛逼了；</span></h2> <p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930090720834-1898423542.png" alt=""></span></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">02-服务器硬件-详解</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">2.1 笔记本、台式机—— CPU、内存、硬盘、电源、显示器、鼠标、键盘；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">2.2 机架式服务器；</span></h2> <ul> <li> <h3>稳定；</h3> </li> <li> <h3>方便拆卸——模块化；</h3> </li> <li> <h3>高性能计算机；</h3> </li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">2.3 运维的职责</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930091852437-1276338116.png" alt=""></p> <ul> <li> <h3>一、数据不能丢；</h3> </li> <li> <h3>二、保证网站7*24小时运行，即服务一直要运行；jd.com,tmall.com,taobao.com;</h3> </li> <li> <h3>三、用户体验要好——打开网站速度要快，UI界面好，用户交化体验好；</h3> </li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">2.4 服务器的尺寸；</span></h2> <ul> <li> <h3>一个标准，即服务器的高度；</h3> </li> <li> <h3>U-服务器的高度，1U=4.445CM，通常是2U，有4U；</h3> </li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930091834610-1125832197.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930091539262-650110313.png" alt=""></span></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;"> 2.5 服务器的分类；</span></h2> <ul> <li> <h3>机架式服务器，又称“抽屉式”服务器；</h3> </li> <li> <h3>刀片式服务器，又称“刀片机”，热拔插；</h3> </li> <li> <h3>塔式服务器——更强壮的我的PC型号电脑；</h3> </li> </ul> <h1><span style="color: #888888;">服务器：声音大，重量大，体积大；</span></h1> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930092018101-1520846312.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930092141254-1780507393.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930092219621-816162953.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930092231977-776008381.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930092338773-1391867629.png" alt=""></p> <ul> <li>大脑-CPU；</li> <li>头发-风扇；</li> <li>眼睛-内存；</li> <li>心脏-CPU；</li> <li>胃部-硬盘；</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930092602157-879589478.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">03-服务器核心硬件-服务器型号-电源-CPU</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">3.1 服务器核心知识； </span></h2> <h2><img style="font-size: 1.5em;" src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930092825453-2058541301.png" alt=""></h2> </div> </div> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">3.2 互联网公司服务器品牌；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930093013745-1876271007.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930093226640-739584009.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">3.3 戴尔服务器的型号；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930093253585-1089032946.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">3.4 服务器核心之电源——AB路双电源；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930093346536-1555421928.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">3.5 服务器核心之CPU（Central Processing Unit）</span></h2> <ul> <li>CPU个数————在服务器上叫作几路；</li> <li>2个物理CPU==2路/双路；</li> </ul> <h2><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930093529324-881076575.png" alt=""></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">3.6CPU数量与核心数量？</span></h2> <ul> <li> <h3>CPU数量==路数；</h3> </li> <li> <h3>1个CPU==1路；</h3> </li> <li> <h3>2个CPU==2路、双路；</h3> </li> </ul> <p><span style="color: #ff0000;">PS：1般来讲，1CPU有4个核心；</span></p> <p><span style="color: #ff0000;">查询服务器的配置，去官网查询；</span></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930093744611-720811380.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">04-服务器核心硬件内存</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">4.1 服务器核心以内存；</span></h2> <ul> <li>一、断电以后内存中的信息丢失；</li> <li>二、临时存放；</li> <li>三、解决CPU与硬盘之间速度差的问题；</li> <li>四、内存速度快；</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">4.2 什么是程序，什么是进程，什么是守护进程？</span></h2> <ul> <li>程序：大片，存放在硬盘上面；</li> <li>进程：看片，打开软件，运行起来的进程；</li> <li>守护进程（又叫服务）：持续看片，一直、持续运行的进程；</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930094327480-318433873.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">4.3 如何提升用户体验？访问速度；</span></h2> <ul> <li>高并发-一大帮人同时涌入网站-即同一时刻访问网站的人数；</li> <li>核心：让用户的数据尽可能放入到内存中；</li> <li>写操做远远大于读操做；</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930094604165-1695334414.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">4.4 内容常常忘记，保持一个输入，保持一个输出-即说出来！</span></h2> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">05-服务器核心硬件-buffer-cache-硬盘；</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">5.1 高并发写入的优缺点；</span></h2> <ul> <li>断电数据丢失；</li> <li>速度快；</li> </ul> <p>两个电源-AB路；</p> <p>使用UPS电源-不间断电源，一个蓄电池，能抗30分钟，足够将数据写入硬盘；</p> </div> <h2><span style="color: #008000;"> 5.2 buffer和cache；</span></h2> <ul> <li>buffer--观看视频的时候，转圈圈，是一个数据往内存中存放的过程；</li> <li>cache--为了提升使用或者观看速度，把其余地方的数据，读取到内存中，在内存中的区域，也叫缓存区；</li> </ul> <h1><span style="color: #888888;">总结：写buffer读cache；</span></h1> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930095252866-469369595.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">5.3 服务器核心之接口；</span></h2> <h3>5.3.1 磁盘接口及转速；</h3> <ul> <li>sata：通常家用，服务器对速度要求不高的；</li> <li>sas：服务器标配；</li> <li>转速：rmp，每分钟转多少圈，5.4k,7.2k,10k,15k</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930095552299-1466380753.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930095611019-1254665816.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930095830966-1874635840.png" alt=""></p> <p>1S =1000ms=1000000us=1000000000ns;</p> <h1><span style="color: #ff0000;">尽可能让用户的数据往内存中放；</span></h1> <h1><span style="color: #ff0000;">计算机中，缓存无处不在！</span></h1> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">06-服务器核心硬件-raid卡-光驱-云服务器</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">6.1 服务器核心之阵列卡（raid）；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">6.2 如何存储10000G的单个数据？将N个硬盘组合起来，统一管理；</span></h2> <ul> <li>统一管理硬盘的容量；</li> <li>能够得到更高的容量；</li> <li>变得更加安全；</li> <li>提高硬盘的速度；</li> </ul> </div> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930100102342-839094193.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">6.3 服务器核心之光驱；</span></h2> <ul> <li>之前网络带宽很低；</li> <li>U盘容量低，几十k还贵；</li> <li>光盘容量大，价格低；</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">6.4 系统安装方式；</span></h2> <ul> <li>U盘安装；</li> <li>批量安装；</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">6.5 服务器核心之远程控制卡；</span></h2> <ul> <li>经过远程控制卡进行开关机操做；</li> <li>独立或者集成的；</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">6.6 服务器存放之机房；</span></h2> <ul> <li>服务器的接线必定打标签；</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930100649813-258364697.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">6.7 云服务器-按需分配；</span></h2> <h1><span style="color: #888888;">一言不合就上图；</span></h1> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930100805365-997907376.png" alt=""></p> <ul> <li>阿里云（淘宝、天猫）；</li> <li>AWS（亚马逊）； </li> </ul> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">07-服务器头部介绍</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">7.1 服务器标签；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">7.2 服务器显示器接口；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">7.3 服务器硬盘——转速快，因此容量不会很大，300GB、600GB；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">7.4 液晶屏幕-显示IP、远程控制卡； </span></h2> </div> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101306488-263588028.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101023089-1606233660.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">08-服务器内部介绍</span></h1> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101524907-1830293573.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101513013-1588521718.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101608731-1086028290.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101727737-1967217323.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101758925-152333547.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101824828-1476883469.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101906468-1075876730.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930101933304-542951255.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930102055010-1394687609.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">09-服务器尾部介绍</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">9.1 电源线；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">9.2 四块网卡；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">9.3 USB接口；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">9.4 远程控制卡接网线；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">9.5 黄色是有故障，蓝色是正常；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930102427122-868536199.png" alt=""></p> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">10-小结；</span></h1> <p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201809/961629-20180930102516328-1201827282.png" alt=""></span></p> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">11-操做系统组成-Linux发展过程；</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">11.1 什么是操做系统及其组成？</span></h2> <ul> <li>人与计算机硬件之间的中介；</li> <li>组成；</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181001234025021-575664638.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181001234011508-80076999.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181001233945402-205049630.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181001233733233-1750274175.png" alt=""></span></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;"> 11.1.2 Linux的发展过程；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181001234101634-335269116.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181001234113429-1596399093.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181001234138968-1803865387.png" alt=""></p> <ul> <li>Unix；</li> <li>minix-mini unix；</li> <li>斯托曼stallman，自由的开源的，目标替代你Unix；</li> <li>FSF-自由软件基金会；项目-GNU；守则（协议）-GPL；</li> <li>理查德托瓦兹开发了Linux内核；</li> </ul> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">12-自由软件-GNU-GPL核心讲解；</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">12.1 什么是自由软件？什么是GNU？什么是GPL？</span></h2> <ul> <li>自由不等于免费；</li> <li>GNU‘s Not Unix；</li> <li>通用公共许可，修改后必须发布；</li> <li>开源软件，即开放源代码；</li> </ul> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">13-Linux发行版本选择；</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;"> 13.1 Linux发行版介绍；</span></h2> <ul> <li>RedHat，红帽，9.0以后，RHEL，Redhat Enterprise Linux，收费；</li> <li>CentOS，作到与红帽如出一辙，可是无偿使用；去掉红帽里面的收费软件，去掉红帽里面的Logo，有残余；</li> <li>Ubuntu-云计算、程序员专用；</li> <li>Debian或FreeBSD；</li> <li>SUSE-德国，起源于德国，目前叫作OpenSUSE；</li> <li>Fodora-新功能，新特性；顺序：Fedora——>RHEL——>CentOS;</li> <li>国产-红旗Linux、麒麟Linux;</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181001235738165-2033639152.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181002000252357-1349741582.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">14-企业标准选择系统及下载</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">14.1 在哪里下载企业标准镜像？</span></h2> <ul> <li>CentOS6.9；</li> <li>CentOS7.2；</li> </ul> <p>CentOS官网： <a href="https://www.centos.org/download/" target="_blank">https://www.centos.org/download/</a>  下载慢；</p> <p>阿里巴巴开源镜像地址：<a href="https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror" target="_blank">https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror</a></p> <p><a href="https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/" target="_blank">https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/</a></p> <p>CentOS的历史版本地址：<a href="http://vault.centos.org/" target="_blank">http://vault.centos.org/</a></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181002094610020-2134795534.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181002094253817-1174882689.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181002093858723-879662099.png" alt=""></span></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">15-32位与64位区别-虚拟机是什么</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;"> 15.1 32和64位区别：</span></h2> <ul> <li>当初设计初衷不一样；</li> <li>安装要求的硬件配置不一样；</li> <li>运算速度不一样；</li> <li>寻址能力不一样，即支持的最大内存；</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">15.2 虚拟机是什么呢？</span> </h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181002094759564-459091756.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181002095004884-34830741.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">16-学习环境的选择与推荐的配置</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">16.1 使用虚拟机的建议；</span></h2> <ul> <li>容易上手；</li> <li>成本低；</li> <li>操做便捷；</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181002095248278-428752379.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181002095235151-565478185.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;"> 16.2 常见工具的使用；</span></h2> <ul> <li>pickpic</li> <li>notepad++</li> <li>office</li> <li>解压缩</li> <li>and so on...</li> </ul> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1>17-建立虚拟机流程（上）</h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">17.1 VMware WorkStation 12Pro的安装教程；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">17.2 建立一个虚拟机的过程；百脑汇&中关村买电脑的过程；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003110904116-312661263.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">17.3 安装虚拟机时候的注意事项-选择稍后安装操做系统；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">17.4 注意自定义建立目录，建议使用英文或者拼音命名；</span></h2> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">18-建立虚拟机流程（下）</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">18.1 虚拟机内存大于1GB，安装时候开通较大，完成以后下降；</span></h2> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">19-初次使用虚拟机常见问题及解决方法</span></h1> </div> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">19.1 权限不足-管理员身份运行；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">19.2 使用ISO映像文件启动；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">19.3 Vmware运行了一个64位的CentOS系统，须要虚拟化底层的支持——在BIOS里面设置，开启VT-x；</span> <img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003112201555-1552674226.png" alt=""></h2> </div> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">19.4 Vmware相关Windows服务没有运行；</span></h2> <p>services.msc;将Vmware相关服务都是自动或者正在运行；</p> </div> </div> </div> <p> <img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003112421955-1461582208.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">20-企业级标准安装centos系统（上）</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">20.1 安装CentOS系统的安装方式；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">20.2 安装过程当中选择语言——必定是英文；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">20.3 设置主机名；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">20.4 取消UTC时间勾选；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003112756336-1558725012.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">21-企业级标准安装centos系统（中）</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">21.1 设置密码；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">21.2 分区方式；</span></h2> <ul> <li>/boot; 引导系统启动-200MB；</li> <li>swap; 交换分区，临时交换分区——小于8GB，给内存的1.5倍，大于8GB，给16GB便可；</li> <li>/；根分区，在Linux中，一切从根开始；</li> <li>文件系统-CentOS6选择ext4；</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003113516165-1284636543.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">22-企业级标准安装centos系统（下）</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">22.1 Minimal最小化安装，以后用什么安装什么；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">22.2 Minimal+Customization（自定义）；  </span></h2> </div> </div> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003114353341-997307778.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">22.3 等待系统安装；</span></h2> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">23-系统安装后vmware软件配置</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">23.1 安装完成以后重启，建议选择全屏模式；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">23.2 黑窗口初识（输入密码的时候不显示*****）；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003114706581-310138031.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003114553193-670849969.png" alt=""></p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">23.3 配置虚拟机的网络+CentOS系统的网络；</span></h2> <ul> <li>虚拟网络编辑器</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003114959653-299247657.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">23.4 在办公室远程链接；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003114834936-1563890666.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">24-系统安装后-Linux服务器网络配置</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">24.1 setup进行设置；</span></h2> <ul> <li>network configuration配置网络；</li> <li>Device configuration；设备配置；</li> <li></li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">24.2 On boot = * ;Use DHCP !=*,配置完保存;</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003115344319-905086559.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003115502144-435353876.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">25-系统安装后-网络配置过程-小结</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">25.1 网络配置的生效——重启网卡服务；</span></h2> <ul> <li>ifdown eth0</li> <li>ifup eth0</li> <li>ifconfig#查看网卡信息；</li> <li>ip a # 查看网卡信息；</li> </ul> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">26-Xshell安装与优化-上</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">26.1 Xshell、SecureCRT、PuTTY等SSH工具；</span></h2> <ul> <li>Shell选择（学校、家庭免费版）</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">26.2 Xshell软件进行优化配置；</span></h2> <ul> <li>使用树视图；</li> <li>终端类型-linux；</li> <li>缓冲区大小调大200000行；</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003120230275-26575870.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003120359256-398629294.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003120430336-1951909216.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003120535382-1559632211.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003120616111-1682034991.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1>27-Xshell安装与优化 </h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">27.1 避免踩坑的注意事项；</span></h2> </div> </div> </div> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003120752264-275107051.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003120832912-191649507.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003120945782-439742393.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">28-使用Xshell远程链接服务器</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">28.1 注意中英文符号的问题，很大的坑；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">28.2 创建链接会话文件夹和独立session；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">28.3 初次链接接受并保存，记住用户名&记住密码；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">28.4 成功的链接上CentOS6.9，进入Linux的世界；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003121342587-1704063320.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">29-链接排错基础-IP与端口号</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">29.1 服务器的地址；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">29.2 公网IP地址；123.456.78.90</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">29.3 私网|内网|局域网IP地址；（局部地区有阵雨）；10.0.0.0；172.16.16.1；192.168.1.1</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">29.4 暗号用来区分不一样的服务；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">29.5 远程链接服务：sshd~22号端口号；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003121822608-1322475190.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">30-链接排错基础-vmware3种网络模式</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">30.1 Vmware网络链接方式；</span></h2> <ul> <li>NAT；</li> <li>桥接；</li> <li>仅主机；</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003122258804-507530164.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1>31-屌丝去洗浴中心之路</h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">31.1 远程链接排错；</span></h2> <ul> <li>查看道路是否通畅；</li> <li>是否有人打劫；</li> <li>查看是否提供服务；</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">31.2 本地shell至关于在Windows的cmd窗口中执行命令；</span></h2> <ul> <li>ping 10.0.0.200</li> <li>没法访问主机，链接失败，都是路不通；</li> <li>telnet 10.0.0.200 22</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003122827973-311866658.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <p> <img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003122738631-720252623.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1>Linux运维基础32-小结</h1> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181003122919287-1725684516.png" alt=""></p> <p> </p> <div class="play-header-left"> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">33-课程介绍与知识回顾</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">33.1 命令初识及Linux的规章制度；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">33.2 实际环境记住命令；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">33.3  Linux经常使用文件和目录；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">33.4 看懂了，练习了，说出来！</span></h2> </div> <h1>34-Linux下企业级分区方案</h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">34.1 企业级分区方案；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181004090007564-913869444.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1>35-初次接触Linux必知必会规则</h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">35.1 Linux命令行窗口初识；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">35.2 空格和Tab建的使用；</span></h2> <p><span style="color: #008000;"><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181004090249634-183518973.png" alt=""></span></p> <p> </p> <p> <img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181004090310919-1988581075.png" alt=""></p> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">36-第一关练习题-第一题</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">36.1 建立目录：mkdir /data;</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">36.2 查看目录里面的内容：ls /data</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">36.3 查看目录里面的详细信息：ls -l /data # tab键自动补全；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">36.4 进入到某一个目录里面：cd /data  </span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">36.5 我在哪里呢？使用高德地图：pwd</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">36.6 Linux下一切皆文件！Linux中一切从根开始；Linux中没有消息就是最好的好消息！；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">36.7 绝对路径和相对路径：“隔壁老王”住在同一楼层；从宇宙地球中国-北京市朝阳区崔各庄镇奶东村11排19号201去寻找“隔壁老王”就是绝对路径；</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181004090510341-1360064014.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">37-第一关课前练习题-第2-3题（上）</span></h1> <h2><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #008000;">37.1 建立一个文件并显示：touch /data/oldboy.txt;ls -l /data</span></h2> <ul> <li>touch摸一下；</li> <li>touch 更新文件的时间戳；</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">37.2 向文件中写入信息：echo "I am Studying Linux!" > /data/oldboy.txt;  vi /data/oldboy.txt;iao操做文件内容；</span></h2> <ul> <li>i-编辑模式;</li> <li>a-后面进入编辑模式；</li> <li>o-另起一行插入；</li> <li>:wq</li> <li>:w</li> <li>:q</li> <li>:q!</li> <li>:wq!</li> <li>Esc</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">37.3 显示文件内容，写完内容要进行检查；cat /data/oldboy.txt  时时刻刻使用Tab键进行自动补齐，提升效率，防止出错！</span></h2> </div> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">38-第一关课前练习题-第2-3题（下）</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">38.1 vi和vim的区别：记事本和notepad++；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">38.2 重定向>;追加剧定向>>;</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">38.3 cat >>/data/oldboy.txt<<EOF（End Of File）</span></h2> <p>I</p> <p>am</p> <p>studying</p> <p>Linux!</p> <p>EOF</p> <p>都是在编辑器中写完，而后粘贴至SSH工具中；</p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">39-第一关课前练习题-漏斗系列-重定向符号</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">39.1 漏斗家族-重定向符号；</span></h2> <ul> <li>>>或1>>追加剧定向，把内容放在文件的最后一行；</li> <li>> 或1>标准输出重定向，先把文件的内容清空，再内容放在文件的最后一行；</li> <li>1 标准正确输出；</li> <li>0 标准错误输出；</li> <li>2>>标准错误追加剧定向；</li> <li>2>标准错误重定向；</li> <li>< 输入重定向   xargs -n3 < /data/num.txt   ,xargs 用来分组；</li> <li><<追加输入重定向</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">39.2 对的、错误的信息都输出至某个文件；</span></h2> <ul> <li>eho hello world! >>/data/oldboy.txt 2>>/data/oldboy.txt</li> <li>echo hello world! >>/data/oldboy.txt 2>&1    以上两行等价！</li> </ul> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">39.3 快捷键的使用;</span></h2> <ul> <li>Ctrl + C</li> <li>Ctrl + D</li> <li>Ctrl + Z</li> </ul> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181004093314731-1317272801.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">40-第一关课前练习题-第4题</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">40.1 cp /data/oldboy.txt /tmp</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">40.2 操做前备份，操做后检查；</span></h2> <ul> <li>cp /data/oldboy.txt /data/oldboy.txt.bak；</li> <li>cp -a /data/oldboy.txt{,.bak}</li> <li>经过习惯来规避危险的操做；</li> <li>omitting dictory 忽略这个目录，Linux下不少命令没法直接操做目录；</li> <li>cp -r /data/ /tmp/ 复制目录及目录下的文件内容；</li> <li>cp -a 等价于cp -pdr ；</li> <li>cp -p 保持文件属性进行复制，即克隆； </li> </ul> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">41-第一关课前练习题-第5题</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">41.1 将/data移动到/tmp下：mv /data/ /root/  ;No Such file or directory;没有这个文件和目录；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">41.2  虚拟机拍摄1张18岁的照片的快照，“爱生活，爱李老师”就回到18岁了。</span></h2> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">42-第一关课前练习题-第6题</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">42.1 clear == Ctrl + L清屏；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">42.2 cd /root/data;pwd;ls -l;rm oldboy.txt; </span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">42.3 我就是要“疯一把”，rm -f(feng)  oldboy.txt;</span></h2> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">43-第一关课前练习题-find命令与管道</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">43.1 rmdir cxz;rm -r cxs;</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">43.2 找出想要的东西再删除：find /root/ -type f -name "oldboy.txt" |xargs ls -l;</span></h2> <p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181005090231994-1419826591.png" alt=""></p> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1>44-第一关课前练习题-第7-8题</h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">44.1 退出到上一级目录：cd ../;cd ../../../;cd -;cd ~;cd ;cd .;cp -a /root/oldboy.txt .</span></h2> </div> <h2 class="play-header-right"><span style="color: #008000;">44.2 rm data/ -fr 删除时候建议将参数放在最后面；</span></h2> <h2 class="play-header-right"><span style="color: #008000;">44.3 grep -v "oldboy" /root/oldboy.txt;head -n2 /root/test.txt;head -2 /root/test.txt;    tail -2 /root/test.txt;awk '!/oldboy/' root/test.txt; sed '/oldboy/d' /root/test.txt;</span></h2> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1>45-第一关课前练习题-第9题</h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">45.1 mkdir -p /data/oldboy;mkdir -pv /data/oldboy;显示建立过程！</span></h2> </div> <div class="play-header-right"><span><span><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/961629/201810/961629-20181005092016564-1954366300.png" alt=""></span></span> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">46-第一关课前练习题-第10题-Linux别名</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">46.1 使用反斜线“\”，又叫撬棍；\cp /mnt/test.txt /tmp/;使用全路径：/bin/cp /mnt/test.txt /tmp/</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">46.2 which cp ;which mkdir;which ls; </span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">46.3 alias   unalis;alias rm cp mv;查看几个别名命令；alias  rm 'echo do not use rm';</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">46.4 永久生效：写入到文件，vim /etc/profile ；vim的快捷键：gg、G、o；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">46.5 source /etc/profile 让文件生效；</span></h2> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">47-第一关课前练习题-第10题-别名知识补充</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">47.1 vim /root/.bashrc;</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">47.2 撬棍临时取消别名的做用;</span></h2> </div> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">48-第一关课前练习题-第11题-取出某一行或连续的几行</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">48.1 sed -n(取消默认输出) '20p' /oldboy/ett.txt ;sed 默认输出，sed命令会把文件的内容默认都显示出来；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">48.2 sed -n '20,30p' /oldboy/ett.txt;</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">48.3 head -30 /oldboy.txt/ett.txt |tail -10;</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">48.4 awk 'NR==20' /oldboy/ett.txt;</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">48.5 awk 'NR==20,NR==30' /oldboy/ett.txt;</span></h2> </div> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">48.6 grep -A10 "20" /oldboy/ett.txt; </span></h2> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">49-第一关课前练习-第12题-find查找文件与sed替换</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">49.1 find /oldboy/ -type f -name "*.sh" | xargs sed 's#oldboy#oldgirl#g' -i   #思想：大象放冰箱！！！一步一步来；</span></h2> <ul> <li>find命令查找；</li> <li>管道链接；</li> <li>sed 预备替换；</li> <li>sed -i正式修改；</li> </ul> <div class="play-header-left"> <h1><span style="color: #0000ff;">50-总结</span></h1> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">50.1 敲错了命令；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">50.2 20多个命令总结；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">50.3 man man 最值得记住的命令；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">50.4 Linux中的英文不难，尝试记住；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">50.5 alias unalis；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">50.6 find命令与管道符；</span></h2> <h2><span style="color: #008000;">50.7 sed awk grep； </span></h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div id="MySignature" style="display: block;">“终身”学习，生活充满诗意！转载于https://www.cnblogs.com/tqtl911/p/9728327.html</div> <div class="clear"></div> <div id="blog_post_info_block"> <div id="BlogPostCategory">分类: <a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/tqtl911/category/1187455.html" target="_blank">《Linux命令应用大词典》从入门到放弃</a>,<a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/tqtl911/category/1202413.html" target="_blank">路飞学城2018从入门到放弃</a>,<a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/tqtl911/category/1316747.html" target="_blank">LuffyCity-Linux</a></div> <div id="EntryTag"></div> <div id="blog_post_info"><div id="green_channel">html