SDN实验---Ryu的应用开发（一）Hub实现

时间 2019-11-06

标签 sdn 实验 ryu 应用开发 hub 实现繁體版

原文原文链接

补充：

（一）Ubuntu下安装Notepadqq

背景：为何安装Notepadqq

Notepad++ 不只有语法高亮度显示，也有语法折叠功能，而且支持宏以及扩充基本功能的外挂模组。
可是惋惜的是Notepad++只能在Windows平台下使用。
工做中必须使用Windows时，Notepad++是众多程序员最喜好的文本编辑器，
在Ubuntu下是否可以使用到相同的软件呢？
Notepadqq就是这样一款与Notepad++很是接近的编辑器，拥有几乎相同的功能。

安装：

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:notepadqq-team/notepadqq
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install notepadqq

安装（2）：

snap install --classic notepadqq

补充：什么是snap软件包？

卸载：

sudo apt-get remove notepadqq
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:notepadqq-team/notepadqq

（二）Ubuntu下安装 sublime

优势：

一流的Git集成
增量差别功能可跟踪正在编辑的文件的更改。
移动到GTK3，以及针对Linux的各类高DPI修复。
新的主题功能和块插入支持。
支持Unicode 11.0
对代码块(block caret)的支持
语法高亮增长对 Clojure, D, Go, Lua 语言的支持

安装：

1.因为最近下载速度太慢： http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kURLcZt 密码: acm6

2.进行安装：sudo dpkg -i sublime-text_build-3126_amd64.deb

3.安装package control以及Anaconda插件https://www.jianshu.com/p/36df65bc78f9

卸载编辑器

sudo apt remove --autoremove sublime-text

零：如何编程

一：Hub/集线器（编程思路）《重点》

（一）明确问题

如何实现软件定义的集线器？

（二）设计解决方案

经过控制器来实现集线器算法（泛洪），而后知道数据平面实现集线器操做

（三）肯定具体的技术方案

控制器选用Ryu,数据平面经过Mininet模拟

（四）部署实施

在控制器上编程开发集线器应用，建立实验网络为验证方案作准备

（五）验证方案

运行程序，调试程序，验证程序

（六）优化

验证成功后，优化程序

二：集线器原理---设计解决方案

一个数据包从port1进入，会被复制，泛洪转发到其余全部端口发出

三：部署实施---Ryu控制器API学习和使用（Hub集线器开发）

（一）代码实现

from ryu.base import app_manager
from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_v1_3
from ryu.controller import ofp_event
from ryu.controller.handler import MAIN_DISPATCHER,CONFIG_DISPATCHER
from ryu.controller.handler import set_ev_cls


class Hub(app_manager.RyuApp):
    OFP_VERSIONS = [ofproto_v1_3.OFP_VERSION]

    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
        super(Hub,self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)

    
    @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPSwitchFeatures,CONFIG_DISPATCHER)
    def switch_features_handler(self,ev):
        datapath = ev.msg.datapath
        ofproto = datapath.ofproto
        ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser

        match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch()
        actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofproto.OFPP_CONTROLLER,ofproto.OFPCML_NO_BUFFER)]

        self.add_flow(datapath,0,match,actions,"default flow entry")

    def add_flow(self,datapath,priority,match,actions,remind_content):
        ofproto = datapath.ofproto
        ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser

        inst = [ofp_parser.OFPInstructionActions(ofproto.OFPIT_APPLY_ACTIONS,
                                             actions)]

        mod = ofp_parser.OFPFlowMod(datapath=datapath,priority=priority,
                                    match=match,instructions=inst);
        print("install to datapath,"+remind_content)
        datapath.send_msg(mod);


    @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPPacketIn,MAIN_DISPATCHER)
    def packet_in_handler(self,ev):
        msg = ev.msg
        datapath = msg.datapath
        ofproto = datapath.ofproto
        ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser

        in_port = msg.match['in_port']

        print("get packet in, install flow entry,and lookback parket to datapath")
        
        match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch();
        actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofproto.OFPP_FLOOD)]

        self.add_flow(datapath,1,match,actions,"hub flow entry") out = ofp_parser.OFPPacketOut(datapath=datapath,buffer_id=msg.buffer_id,
                                            in_port=in_port,actions=actions)    

        datapath.send_msg(out);

注意：注释可能为你带来很多错误...尽量写两个版本，一个不带注释，用于调试。一个写注释，用于学习，回顾

（二）启动控制器

ryu-manager hub.py --verbose　　#进入目录，在hub.py文件目录下　　--verbose显示调试信息

（二）启动Mininet进行链接测试

sudo mn --topo=linear,4 --controller=remote

Ryu控制器端响应：（注意：启动mininet后，再先关闭Ryu，从新进入，测试效果更好）

openvswitch交换机与Ryu控制器链接，控制器下发默认流表，提示信息install to datapath,default flow entry

（三）使用pingall命令，使得主机向交换机发送数据包---从而实现交换机上传数据包到控制器，实现流表获取

获取提示信息get packet in, install flow entry,and lookback parket to datapath

四： Hub代码讲解（注释版）

from ryu.base import app_manager
from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_v1_3
from ryu.controller import ofp_event
from ryu.controller.handler import MAIN_DISPATCHER,CONFIG_DISPATCHER
from ryu.controller.handler import set_ev_cls


class Hub(app_manager.RyuApp):
    '''明确控制器所用OpenFlow版本''' OFP_VERSIONS = [ofproto_v1_3.OFP_VERSION]  def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs): super(Hub,self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)

    
    @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPSwitchFeatures,CONFIG_DISPATCHER)
    def switch_features_handler(self,ev):
        ''' 在Ryu控制器上，咱们须要写一个函数去处理openvswitch的链接 CONFIG_DISPATCHER : Version negotiated and sent features-request message '''  #对事件进行解析 datapath = ev.msg.datapath #从链接中获取数据平面的datapath数据结构 ofproto = datapath.ofproto #获取OpenFlow协议信息 ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser #获取协议解析 #解析完成 '''在链接创建成功之后，须要控制器下发一个默认流表 来指挥全部匹配不到交换机的数据，把他上传到控制器上 ''' 
        #install the table-miss flow entry

 match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch() #匹配域 #OFPActionOutput将数据包发送出去, #第一个参数OFPP_CONTROLLER是接收端口， #第二个是数据包在交换机上缓存buffer_id,因为咱们将数据包所有传送到控制器，因此不在交换机上缓存 actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofproto.OFPP_CONTROLLER,ofproto.OFPCML_NO_BUFFER)]  self.add_flow(datapath,0,match,actions,"default flow entry") #默认缺省流表项，设置优先级最低便可 ''' 数据平面 是由若干网元（Network Element）组成，每一个网元包含一个或多个SDN数据路径（SDN Datapath）。 SDN Datapath是逻辑上的网络设备，负责转发和处理数据无控制能力， 一个SDN DataPath包含控制数据平面接口（Control Data Plane Interface,CDPI）、代理、转发引擎（Forwarding Engine）表和处理功能（Processing Function） SDN数据面（转发面）的关键技术:对数据面进行抽象建模。 '''     def add_flow(self,datapath,priority,match,actions,remind_content):
        '''构建流表项 : add a flow entry, install it into datapath datapath:表示给哪个逻辑设备下发流表 priority：表示优先级 match,actions:匹配域和动做 '''  #datapath属性 ofproto = datapath.ofproto ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser  #在OpenFlow1.3版本中定义了instruct指令集（交换机内部的一些操做） #construct a flow msg and send it inst = [ofp_parser.OFPInstructionActions(ofproto.OFPIT_APPLY_ACTIONS, actions)]  mod = ofp_parser.OFPFlowMod(datapath=datapath,priority=priority, match=match,instructions=inst); print("install to datapath,"+remind_content) #发送出去 datapath.send_msg(mod); '''接收数据 Ryu控制器经过装饰器去注册监听某些事件，去处理这些事件。 从而实现从数据平面的消息上传到控制器，再从控制器平面到应用平面，应用程序去处理事件，再逐跳返回到openvswitch ''' '''要处理这个事件，须要先去注册监听他 EventOFPPacketIn: 是咱们要监听的事件 MAIN_DISPATCHER : 是什么状态下，去监听该事件---Switch-features message received and sent set-config message '''     @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPPacketIn,MAIN_DISPATCHER)
    def packet_in_handler(self,ev):
        '''Hub集线器类，所实现的功能： 1.接收从OpenVSwitch发送过来的数据包 2.将数据包泛洪到Hub中的其余端口中 '''  
 #解析数据结构 msg = ev.msg datapath = msg.datapath ofproto = datapath.ofproto ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser in_port = msg.match['in_port'] #获取源端口  print("get packet in, install flow entry,and lookback parket to datapath") match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch(); #由于咱们是将全部转发，因此不用管匹配，填空表示所有匹配 actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofproto.OFPP_FLOOD)]　　#注意：ＦＬＯＯＤ是ＯｐｅｎＦｌｏｗ协议保留端口－－－泛洪使用 #调用add_flow,将流表项发送 ,指导后续数据包转发 install flwo entry to avoid packet in next time self.add_flow(datapath,1,match,actions,"hub flow entry") #等级稍微比默认流表项高级  #注意：咱们将流表项下发了，可是数据包咱们此次接收的，并无处理 #就是再将控制器上的数据包，从新发送给datapath,让他按照流表项处理 #buffer_id是这个数据包，存放在控制器中的缓冲区位置,是在事件中的buffer_id获取 out = ofp_parser.OFPPacketOut(datapath=datapath,buffer_id=msg.buffer_id, in_port=in_port,actions=actions,data=msg.data) datapath.send_msg(out);

通讯流程：《重点》

1.当开始一个Hub集线器时，会先与控制器进行链接，咱们须要在Ryu中设置函数去处理链接，设置并下发默认流表---------函数switch_features_handler实现

2.当主机之间通讯时，主机上传信息到OpenVSwitch交换机，而交换机没法匹配到流表项时，咱们设置将数据所有上传给Ryu控制器，咱们在控制器端实现Hub集线器的泛洪功能，即设置流表项（match-actions为全部匹配数据包的动做为ofproto.OFPP_FLOOD，而且将该流变下发给原来datapath,同时咱们要将以前交换机发送过来的数据包从新发送给交换机（让其按照新的流表项进行处理）--------函数packet_in_handler实现

3.咱们将公共函数add_flow，构建流表项而且下发流表提出

五：实现总体程序运行了解《重点》

（一）程序入口在哪？------app_manager.RyuApp

    """
    The base class for Ryu applications.

    RyuApp subclasses are instantiated after ryu-manager loaded
    all requested Ryu application modules.
    __init__ should call RyuApp.__init__ with the same arguments.
    It's illegal to send any events in __init__.

    The instance attribute 'name' is the name of the class used for
    message routing among Ryu applications.  (Cf. send_event)
    It's set to __class__.__name__ by RyuApp.__init__.
    It's discouraged for subclasses to override this.
    """

1.app_manager.RyuApp是全部Ryu Applications的基类，咱们要实现一个控制器应用，必须继承该基类

2.咱们自定义的子类（继承于RyuAPP的子类），将在ryu-manager命令加载中被实例化(它是在ryu管理器加载全部请求的ryu应用程序模块后实例化的)

即咱们执行ryu-manager hub.py --verbose命令开启Ryu控制器时，而且处理了全部请求的ryu应用程序模块，以后Hub子类就被实例化了

3.子类中的init方法须要调用父类的init方法，而且保持参数一致

    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
        super(Hub,self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)

（二）设置OpenFlow协议---OFP_VERSIONS

 OFP_VERSIONS = None """
    A list of supported OpenFlow versions for this RyuApp.
    The default is all versions supported by the framework.

    Examples::

        OFP_VERSIONS = [ofproto_v1_0.OFP_VERSION,
                        ofproto_v1_2.OFP_VERSION]

    If multiple Ryu applications are loaded in the system,
    the intersection of their OFP_VERSIONS is used.
    """

咱们设置的协议类型是1.3版本OFP_VERSIONS = [ofproto_v1_3.OFP_VERSION]，其中协议在 from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_v1_3 中

（三）事件监听----装饰器实现set_ev_cls

1.from ryu.controller.handler import set_ev_cls

# should be named something like 'observe_event'
def set_ev_cls(ev_cls, dispatchers=None):
    """
    A decorator for Ryu application to declare an event handler.

    Decorated method will become an event handler.
    ev_cls is an event class whose instances this RyuApp wants to receive.
    dispatchers argument specifies one of the following negotiation phases
    (or a list of them) for which events should be generated for this handler.
    Note that, in case an event changes the phase, the phase before the change
    is used to check the interest.

    .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L|

    =========================================== ===============================
    Negotiation phase                           Description
    =========================================== ===============================
    ryu.controller.handler.HANDSHAKE_DISPATCHER Sending and waiting for hello
                                                message
    ryu.controller.handler.CONFIG_DISPATCHER    Version negotiated and sent
                                                features-request message
    ryu.controller.handler.MAIN_DISPATCHER      Switch-features message
                                                received and sent set-config
                                                message
    ryu.controller.handler.DEAD_DISPATCHER      Disconnect from the peer.  Or
                                                disconnecting due to some
                                                unrecoverable errors.
    =========================================== ===============================
    """
    def _set_ev_cls_dec(handler):
        if 'callers' not in dir(handler):
            handler.callers = {}
        for e in _listify(ev_cls):
            handler.callers[e] = _Caller(_listify(dispatchers), e.__module__)
        return handler
    return _set_ev_cls_dec

2.被set_ev_cls装饰的函数将成为一个事件处理器，参数ev_cls是一个事件类，在controller下的ofp_event下（未找到....动态建立类type实现？？)，dispatchers参数是事件的协商阶段

@set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPSwitchFeatures,CONFIG_DISPATCHER)

（1）协商阶段html

    =========================================== ===============================
    Negotiation phase                           Description
    =========================================== ===============================
    ryu.controller.handler.HANDSHAKE_DISPATCHER Sending and waiting for hello　　
                                                message
    ryu.controller.handler.CONFIG_DISPATCHER    Version negotiated and sent
                                                features-request message
    ryu.controller.handler.MAIN_DISPATCHER      Switch-features message
                                                received and sent set-config
                                                message
    ryu.controller.handler.DEAD_DISPATCHER      Disconnect from the peer.  Or
                                                disconnecting due to some
                                                unrecoverable errors.
    =========================================== ===============================

发送并等待Hello消息python

双方经过握手消息Hello创建安全链接

版本协商并发送功能请求消息linux

双方创建TLS隧道后，方法发送hello消息进行版本协商

若是协议版本协商成功，则链接创建。不然发送Error消息描述协商失败缘由，并终止链接

交换机特征消息接收和发送设置配置消息程序员

协商完成后，控制器和交换机之间发送Features消息,获取交换机参数

参数包括支持的buffer数目、流表数、Actions等

控制器发送SET_CONFIG消息向交换机发送配置参数

经过GET_CONFIG消息获得交换机修改后的配置信息

控制器与OpenFlow交换机之间，发送PACKET_OUT和PACKET_IN消息。经过PACKET_OUT中内置的LLDP包进行网络拓扑的探测

控制器经过FLOW_MOD向控制器下发流表操做

断开与对等方的链接。或者因为一些不可恢复的错误而断开链接算法

3.装饰器实现代码

def set_ev_cls(ev_cls, dispatchers=None):
    def _set_ev_cls_dec(handler):
        if 'callers' not in dir(handler):
            handler.callers = {}
        for e in _listify(ev_cls):
            handler.callers[e] = _Caller(_listify(dispatchers), e.__module__)
        return handler
    return _set_ev_cls_dec

外部函数是用来接收事件处理函数和函数参数 内联函数是用来

@set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPSwitchFeatures,CONFIG_DISPATCHER)
def switch_features_handler(self,ev):

（四）协议解析

1.def switch_features_handler(self,ev):自定义函数参数中ev

get ev info:
<ryu.controller.ofp_event.EventOFPSwitchFeatures object at 0x7f659220f668>　　就是咱们监听的事件类实例

['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__',
 'msg', 'timestamp']

2.查看事件中的msg类信息

EVENT ofp_event->Hub EventOFPPacketIn version=0x4,
msg_type=0xa,
msg_len=0x80,
xid=0x0,
OFPPacketIn(
　　buffer_id=4294967295,
　　cookie=0,
　　data=b'33\xff\x9a\xd7\xb1\x1aj\xff\x9a\xd7\xb1\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x9a\xd7\xb1\x87\x00~f\x00\x00\x00\x00\xfe\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x18j\xff\xff\xfe\x9a\xd7\xb1\x0e\x01\x1c\xddV\xff\xb4\xd8',
　　match=OFPMatch(oxm_fields={'in_port': 2}),
　　reason=0,
　　table_id=0,
　　total_len=86)

['_TYPE', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_base_attributes', '_class_prefixes', '_class_suffixes', '_decode_value', '_encode_value', '_get_decoder', '_get_default_decoder', '_get_default_encoder', '_get_encoder', '_get_type', '_is_class', '_opt_attributes', '_reserved', '_restore_args', '_serialize_body', '_serialize_header', '_serialize_pre', 

'auxiliary_id', 'buf', 'capabilities', 'cls_from_jsondict_key', 'cls_msg_type', 'datapath', 'datapath_id', 'from_jsondict', 'msg_len', 'msg_type', 'n_buffers', 'n_tables', 'obj_from_jsondict', 'parser', 'serialize', 'set_buf', 'set_classes', 'set_headers', 'set_xid', 'stringify_attrs', 'to_jsondict', 'version', 'xid']

msg所提供的方法和属性 'auxiliary_id', 'buf', 'capabilities', 'cls_from_jsondict_key', 'cls_msg_type', 

'datapath', 'datapath_id', 

'from_jsondict', 'msg_len', 'msg_type', 'n_buffers', 'n_tables', 

'obj_from_jsondict', 'parser', 'serialize', 

'set_buf', 'set_classes', 'set_headers', 'set_xid', 

'stringify_attrs', 'to_jsondict', 'version', 'xid']

3.获取逻辑设备datapath类信息

<ryu.controller.controller.Datapath object at 0x7fe1560c6048>

['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_close_write', '_echo_request_loop', '_ports', '_recv_loop', '_send_loop', '_send_q_sem', 

'acknowledge_echo_reply', 'address', 'close', 'echo_request_interval', 'flow_format', 

'id', 'is_active', 'is_reserved_port', 'max_unreplied_echo_requests', 'ofp_brick', 'ofproto', 'ofproto_parser', 

'ports', 'send', 

'send_barrier', 'send_delete_all_flows', 'send_flow_del', 'send_flow_mod', 'send_msg', 'send_nxt_set_flow_format', 'send_packet_out', 'send_q', 

'serve', 'set_state', 'set_version', 'set_xid', 'socket', 'state', 'supported_ofp_version', 'unreplied_echo_requests', 'xid']

4.获取逻辑设备datapath中OpenFlow协议信息

<module 'ryu.ofproto.ofproto_v1_3' from '/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/ryu/ofproto/ofproto_v1_3.py'>

['DESC_STR_LEN', 'DESC_STR_LEN_STR', 'MAX_XID', 'OFPAT_COPY_TTL_IN', 'OFPAT_COPY_TTL_OUT', 'OFPAT_DEC_MPLS_TTL', 'OFPAT_DEC_NW_TTL', 'OFPAT_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPAT_GROUP', 'OFPAT_OUTPUT', 'OFPAT_POP_MPLS', 'OFPAT_POP_PBB', 'OFPAT_POP_VLAN', 'OFPAT_PUSH_MPLS', 'OFPAT_PUSH_PBB', 'OFPAT_PUSH_VLAN', 'OFPAT_SET_FIELD', 'OFPAT_SET_MPLS_TTL', 'OFPAT_SET_NW_TTL', 'OFPAT_SET_QUEUE', 'OFPBAC_BAD_ARGUMENT', 'OFPBAC_BAD_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPBAC_BAD_EXP_TYPE', 'OFPBAC_BAD_LEN', 'OFPBAC_BAD_OUT_GROUP', 'OFPBAC_BAD_OUT_PORT', 'OFPBAC_BAD_QUEUE', 'OFPBAC_BAD_SET_ARGUMENT', 'OFPBAC_BAD_SET_LEN', 'OFPBAC_BAD_SET_TYPE', 'OFPBAC_BAD_TAG', 'OFPBAC_BAD_TYPE', 'OFPBAC_EPERM', 'OFPBAC_MATCH_INCONSISTENT', 'OFPBAC_TOO_MANY', 'OFPBAC_UNSUPPORTED_ORDER', 'OFPBIC_BAD_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPBIC_BAD_EXP_TYPE', 'OFPBIC_BAD_LEN', 'OFPBIC_BAD_TABLE_ID', 'OFPBIC_EPERM', 'OFPBIC_UNKNOWN_INST', 'OFPBIC_UNSUP_INST', 'OFPBIC_UNSUP_METADATA', 'OFPBIC_UNSUP_METADATA_MASK', 'OFPBMC_BAD_DL_ADDR_MASK', 'OFPBMC_BAD_FIELD', 'OFPBMC_BAD_LEN', 'OFPBMC_BAD_MASK', 'OFPBMC_BAD_NW_ADDR_MASK', 'OFPBMC_BAD_PREREQ', 'OFPBMC_BAD_TAG', 'OFPBMC_BAD_TYPE', 'OFPBMC_BAD_VALUE', 'OFPBMC_BAD_WILDCARDS', 'OFPBMC_DUP_FIELD', 'OFPBMC_EPERM', 'OFPBRC_BAD_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPBRC_BAD_EXP_TYPE', 'OFPBRC_BAD_LEN', 'OFPBRC_BAD_MULTIPART', 'OFPBRC_BAD_PACKET', 'OFPBRC_BAD_PORT', 'OFPBRC_BAD_TABLE_ID', 'OFPBRC_BAD_TYPE', 'OFPBRC_BAD_VERSION', 'OFPBRC_BUFFER_EMPTY', 'OFPBRC_BUFFER_UNKNOWN', 'OFPBRC_EPERM', 'OFPBRC_IS_SLAVE', 'OFPBRC_MULTIPART_BUFFER_OVERFLOW', 'OFPCML_MAX', 'OFPCML_NO_BUFFER', 'OFPCR_ROLE_EQUAL', 'OFPCR_ROLE_MASTER', 'OFPCR_ROLE_NOCHANGE', 'OFPCR_ROLE_SLAVE', 'OFPC_FLOW_STATS', 'OFPC_FRAG_DROP', 'OFPC_FRAG_MASK', 'OFPC_FRAG_NORMAL', 'OFPC_FRAG_REASM', 'OFPC_GROUP_STATS', 'OFPC_IP_REASM', 'OFPC_PORT_BLOCKED', 'OFPC_PORT_STATS', 'OFPC_QUEUE_STATS', 'OFPC_TABLE_STATS', 'OFPET_BAD_ACTION', 'OFPET_BAD_INSTRUCTION', 'OFPET_BAD_MATCH', 'OFPET_BAD_REQUEST', 'OFPET_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED', 'OFPET_GROUP_MOD_FAILED', 'OFPET_HELLO_FAILED', 'OFPET_METER_MOD_FAILED', 'OFPET_PORT_MOD_FAILED', 'OFPET_QUEUE_OP_FAILED', 'OFPET_ROLE_REQUEST_FAILED', 'OFPET_SWITCH_CONFIG_FAILED', 'OFPET_TABLE_FEATURES_FAILED', 'OFPET_TABLE_MOD_FAILED', 'OFPFC_ADD', 'OFPFC_DELETE', 'OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT', 'OFPFC_MODIFY', 'OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT', 'OFPFF_CHECK_OVERLAP', 'OFPFF_NO_BYT_COUNTS', 'OFPFF_NO_PKT_COUNTS', 'OFPFF_RESET_COUNTS', 'OFPFF_SEND_FLOW_REM', 'OFPFMFC_BAD_COMMAND', 'OFPFMFC_BAD_FLAGS', 'OFPFMFC_BAD_TABLE_ID', 'OFPFMFC_BAD_TIMEOUT', 'OFPFMFC_EPERM', 'OFPFMFC_OVERLAP', 'OFPFMFC_TABLE_FULL', 'OFPFMFC_UNKNOWN', 'OFPGC_ADD', 'OFPGC_DELETE', 'OFPGC_MODIFY', 'OFPGFC_CHAINING', 'OFPGFC_CHAINING_CHECKS', 'OFPGFC_SELECT_LIVENESS', 'OFPGFC_SELECT_WEIGHT', 'OFPGMFC_BAD_BUCKET', 'OFPGMFC_BAD_COMMAND', 'OFPGMFC_BAD_TYPE', 'OFPGMFC_BAD_WATCH', 'OFPGMFC_CHAINED_GROUP', 'OFPGMFC_CHAINING_UNSUPPORTED', 'OFPGMFC_EPERM', 'OFPGMFC_GROUP_EXISTS', 'OFPGMFC_INVALID_GROUP', 'OFPGMFC_LOOP', 'OFPGMFC_OUT_OF_BUCKETS', 'OFPGMFC_OUT_OF_GROUPS', 'OFPGMFC_UNKNOWN_GROUP', 'OFPGMFC_WATCH_UNSUPPORTED', 'OFPGMFC_WEIGHT_UNSUPPORTED', 'OFPGT_ALL', 'OFPGT_FF', 'OFPGT_INDIRECT', 'OFPGT_SELECT', 'OFPG_ALL', 'OFPG_ANY', 'OFPG_MAX', 'OFPHET_VERSIONBITMAP', 'OFPHFC_EPERM', 'OFPHFC_INCOMPATIBLE', 'OFPIEH_AUTH', 'OFPIEH_DEST', 'OFPIEH_ESP', 'OFPIEH_FRAG', 'OFPIEH_HOP', 'OFPIEH_NONEXT', 'OFPIEH_ROUTER', 'OFPIEH_UNREP', 'OFPIEH_UNSEQ', 'OFPIT_APPLY_ACTIONS', 'OFPIT_CLEAR_ACTIONS', 'OFPIT_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPIT_GOTO_TABLE', 'OFPIT_METER', 'OFPIT_WRITE_ACTIONS', 'OFPIT_WRITE_METADATA', 'OFPMBT_DROP', 'OFPMBT_DSCP_REMARK', 'OFPMBT_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPMC_ADD', 'OFPMC_DELETE', 'OFPMC_MODIFY', 'OFPMF_BURST', 'OFPMF_KBPS', 'OFPMF_PKTPS', 'OFPMF_STATS', 'OFPMMFC_BAD_BAND', 'OFPMMFC_BAD_BAND_VALUE', 'OFPMMFC_BAD_BURST', 'OFPMMFC_BAD_COMMAND', 'OFPMMFC_BAD_FLAGS', 'OFPMMFC_BAD_RATE', 'OFPMMFC_INVALID_METER', 'OFPMMFC_METER_EXISTS', 'OFPMMFC_OUT_OF_BANDS', 'OFPMMFC_OUT_OF_METERS', 'OFPMMFC_UNKNOWN', 'OFPMMFC_UNKNOWN_METER', 'OFPMPF_REPLY_MORE', 'OFPMPF_REQ_MORE', 'OFPMP_AGGREGATE', 'OFPMP_DESC', 'OFPMP_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPMP_FLOW', 'OFPMP_GROUP', 'OFPMP_GROUP_DESC', 'OFPMP_GROUP_FEATURES', 'OFPMP_METER', 'OFPMP_METER_CONFIG', 'OFPMP_METER_FEATURES', 'OFPMP_PORT_DESC', 'OFPMP_PORT_STATS', 'OFPMP_QUEUE', 'OFPMP_TABLE', 'OFPMP_TABLE_FEATURES', 'OFPMT_OXM', 'OFPMT_STANDARD', 'OFPM_ALL', 'OFPM_CONTROLLER', 'OFPM_MAX', 'OFPM_SLOWPATH', 'OFPPC_NO_FWD', 'OFPPC_NO_PACKET_IN', 'OFPPC_NO_RECV', 'OFPPC_PORT_DOWN', 'OFPPF_100GB_FD', 'OFPPF_100MB_FD', 'OFPPF_100MB_HD', 'OFPPF_10GB_FD', 'OFPPF_10MB_FD', 'OFPPF_10MB_HD', 'OFPPF_1GB_FD', 'OFPPF_1GB_HD', 'OFPPF_1TB_FD', 'OFPPF_40GB_FD', 'OFPPF_AUTONEG', 'OFPPF_COPPER', 'OFPPF_FIBER', 'OFPPF_OTHER', 'OFPPF_PAUSE', 'OFPPF_PAUSE_ASYM', 'OFPPMFC_BAD_ADVERTISE', 'OFPPMFC_BAD_CONFIG', 'OFPPMFC_BAD_HW_ADDR', 'OFPPMFC_BAD_PORT', 'OFPPMFC_EPERM', 'OFPPR_ADD', 'OFPPR_DELETE', 'OFPPR_MODIFY', 'OFPPS_BLOCKED', 'OFPPS_LINK_DOWN', 'OFPPS_LIVE', 'OFPP_ALL', 'OFPP_ANY', 'OFPP_CONTROLLER', 'OFPP_FLOOD', 'OFPP_IN_PORT', 'OFPP_LOCAL', 'OFPP_MAX', 'OFPP_NORMAL', 'OFPP_TABLE', 'OFPQCFC_EPERM', 'OFPQOFC_BAD_PORT', 'OFPQOFC_BAD_QUEUE', 'OFPQOFC_EPERM', 'OFPQT_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPQT_MAX_RATE', 'OFPQT_MIN_RATE', 'OFPQ_ALL', 'OFPRRFC_BAD_ROLE', 'OFPRRFC_STALE', 'OFPRRFC_UNSUP', 'OFPRR_DELETE', 'OFPRR_GROUP_DELETE', 'OFPRR_HARD_TIMEOUT', 'OFPRR_IDLE_TIMEOUT', 'OFPR_ACTION', 'OFPR_INVALID_TTL', 'OFPR_NO_MATCH', 'OFPSCFC_BAD_FLAGS', 'OFPSCFC_BAD_LEN', 'OFPSCFC_EPERM', 'OFPTFFC_BAD_ARGUMENT', 'OFPTFFC_BAD_LEN', 'OFPTFFC_BAD_METADATA', 'OFPTFFC_BAD_TABLE', 'OFPTFFC_BAD_TYPE', 'OFPTFFC_EPERM', 'OFPTFPT_APPLY_ACTIONS', 'OFPTFPT_APPLY_ACTIONS_MISS', 'OFPTFPT_APPLY_SETFIELD', 'OFPTFPT_APPLY_SETFIELD_MISS', 'OFPTFPT_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPTFPT_EXPERIMENTER_MISS', 'OFPTFPT_INSTRUCTIONS', 'OFPTFPT_INSTRUCTIONS_MISS', 'OFPTFPT_MATCH', 'OFPTFPT_NEXT_TABLES', 'OFPTFPT_NEXT_TABLES_MISS', 'OFPTFPT_WILDCARDS', 'OFPTFPT_WRITE_ACTIONS', 'OFPTFPT_WRITE_ACTIONS_MISS', 'OFPTFPT_WRITE_SETFIELD', 'OFPTFPT_WRITE_SETFIELD_MISS', 'OFPTMFC_BAD_CONFIG', 'OFPTMFC_BAD_TABLE', 'OFPTMFC_EPERM', 'OFPTT_ALL', 'OFPTT_MAX', 'OFPT_BARRIER_REPLY', 'OFPT_BARRIER_REQUEST', 'OFPT_ECHO_REPLY', 'OFPT_ECHO_REQUEST', 'OFPT_ERROR', 'OFPT_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPT_FEATURES_REPLY', 'OFPT_FEATURES_REQUEST', 'OFPT_FLOW_MOD', 'OFPT_FLOW_REMOVED', 'OFPT_GET_ASYNC_REPLY', 'OFPT_GET_ASYNC_REQUEST', 'OFPT_GET_CONFIG_REPLY', 'OFPT_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST', 'OFPT_GROUP_MOD', 'OFPT_HELLO', 'OFPT_METER_MOD', 'OFPT_MULTIPART_REPLY', 'OFPT_MULTIPART_REQUEST', 'OFPT_PACKET_IN', 'OFPT_PACKET_OUT', 'OFPT_PORT_MOD', 'OFPT_PORT_STATUS', 'OFPT_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REPLY', 'OFPT_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST', 'OFPT_ROLE_REPLY', 'OFPT_ROLE_REQUEST', 'OFPT_SET_ASYNC', 'OFPT_SET_CONFIG', 'OFPT_TABLE_MOD', 'OFPVID_NONE', 'OFPVID_PRESENT', 'OFPXMC_EXPERIMENTER', 'OFPXMC_NXM_0', 'OFPXMC_NXM_1', 'OFPXMC_OPENFLOW_BASIC', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ARP_OP', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ARP_SHA', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ARP_SPA', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ARP_THA', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ARP_TPA', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ETH_DST', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ETH_SRC', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ETH_TYPE', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ICMPV4_CODE', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ICMPV4_TYPE', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ICMPV6_CODE', 'OFPXMT_OFB_ICMPV6_TYPE', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IN_PHY_PORT', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IN_PORT', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IPV4_DST', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IPV4_SRC', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IPV6_DST', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IPV6_EXTHDR', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IPV6_FLABEL', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IPV6_ND_SLL', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IPV6_ND_TARGET', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IPV6_ND_TLL', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IPV6_SRC', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IP_DSCP', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IP_ECN', 'OFPXMT_OFB_IP_PROTO', 'OFPXMT_OFB_METADATA', 'OFPXMT_OFB_MPLS_BOS', 'OFPXMT_OFB_MPLS_LABEL', 'OFPXMT_OFB_MPLS_TC', 'OFPXMT_OFB_PBB_ISID', 'OFPXMT_OFB_SCTP_DST', 'OFPXMT_OFB_SCTP_SRC', 'OFPXMT_OFB_TCP_DST', 'OFPXMT_OFB_TCP_SRC', 'OFPXMT_OFB_TUNNEL_ID', 'OFPXMT_OFB_UDP_DST', 'OFPXMT_OFB_UDP_SRC', 'OFPXMT_OFB_VLAN_PCP', 'OFPXMT_OFB_VLAN_VID', 'OFP_ACTION_EXPERIMENTER_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_EXPERIMENTER_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_ACTION_GROUP_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_GROUP_SIZE', 'OFP_ACTION_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_ACTION_MPLS_TTL_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_MPLS_TTL_SIZE', 'OFP_ACTION_NW_TTL_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_NW_TTL_SIZE', 'OFP_ACTION_OUTPUT_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_OUTPUT_SIZE', 'OFP_ACTION_POP_MPLS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_POP_MPLS_SIZE', 'OFP_ACTION_PUSH_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_PUSH_SIZE', 'OFP_ACTION_SET_FIELD_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_SET_FIELD_SIZE', 'OFP_ACTION_SET_QUEUE_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ACTION_SET_QUEUE_SIZE', 'OFP_AGGREGATE_STATS_REPLY_PACK_STR', 'OFP_AGGREGATE_STATS_REPLY_SIZE', 'OFP_AGGREGATE_STATS_REQUEST_0_PACK_STR', 'OFP_AGGREGATE_STATS_REQUEST_0_SIZE', 'OFP_AGGREGATE_STATS_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'OFP_AGGREGATE_STATS_REQUEST_SIZE', 'OFP_ASYNC_CONFIG_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ASYNC_CONFIG_SIZE', 'OFP_BUCKET_COUNTER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_BUCKET_COUNTER_SIZE', 'OFP_BUCKET_PACK_STR', 'OFP_BUCKET_SIZE', 'OFP_DEFAULT_PRIORITY', 'OFP_DESC_PACK_STR', 'OFP_DESC_SIZE', 'OFP_ERROR_EXPERIMENTER_MSG_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ERROR_EXPERIMENTER_MSG_SIZE', 'OFP_ERROR_MSG_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ERROR_MSG_SIZE', 'OFP_ETH_ALEN', 'OFP_ETH_ALEN_STR', 'OFP_EXPERIMENTER_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_EXPERIMENTER_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_EXPERIMENTER_MULTIPART_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_EXPERIMENTER_MULTIPART_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_FLOW_MOD_PACK_STR', 'OFP_FLOW_MOD_PACK_STR0', 'OFP_FLOW_MOD_SIZE', 'OFP_FLOW_REMOVED_PACK_STR', 'OFP_FLOW_REMOVED_PACK_STR0', 'OFP_FLOW_REMOVED_SIZE', 'OFP_FLOW_STATS_0_PACK_STR', 'OFP_FLOW_STATS_0_SIZE', 'OFP_FLOW_STATS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_FLOW_STATS_REQUEST_0_PACK_STR', 'OFP_FLOW_STATS_REQUEST_0_SIZE', 'OFP_FLOW_STATS_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'OFP_FLOW_STATS_REQUEST_SIZE', 'OFP_FLOW_STATS_SIZE', 'OFP_GROUP_DESC_PACK_STR', 'OFP_GROUP_DESC_SIZE', 'OFP_GROUP_DESC_STATS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_GROUP_DESC_STATS_SIZE', 'OFP_GROUP_FEATURES_PACK_STR', 'OFP_GROUP_FEATURES_SIZE', 'OFP_GROUP_MOD_PACK_STR', 'OFP_GROUP_MOD_SIZE', 'OFP_GROUP_STATS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_GROUP_STATS_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'OFP_GROUP_STATS_REQUEST_SIZE', 'OFP_GROUP_STATS_SIZE', 'OFP_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_HELLO_ELEM_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_HELLO_ELEM_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_HELLO_ELEM_VERSIONBITMAP_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_HELLO_ELEM_VERSIONBITMAP_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_HELLO_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_INSTRUCTION_ACTIONS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_INSTRUCTION_ACTIONS_SIZE', 'OFP_INSTRUCTION_GOTO_TABLE_PACK_STR', 'OFP_INSTRUCTION_GOTO_TABLE_SIZE', 'OFP_INSTRUCTION_METER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_INSTRUCTION_METER_SIZE', 'OFP_INSTRUCTION_WRITE_METADATA_PACK_STR', 'OFP_INSTRUCTION_WRITE_METADATA_SIZE', 'OFP_MATCH_PACK_STR', 'OFP_MATCH_SIZE', 'OFP_MAX_PORT_NAME_LEN', 'OFP_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN', 'OFP_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN_STR', 'OFP_METER_BAND_DROP_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_BAND_DROP_SIZE', 'OFP_METER_BAND_DSCP_REMARK_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_BAND_DSCP_REMARK_SIZE', 'OFP_METER_BAND_EXPERIMENTER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_BAND_EXPERIMENTER_SIZE', 'OFP_METER_BAND_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_BAND_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_METER_BAND_STATS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_BAND_STATS_SIZE', 'OFP_METER_CONFIG_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_CONFIG_SIZE', 'OFP_METER_FEATURES_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_FEATURES_SIZE', 'OFP_METER_MOD_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_MOD_SIZE', 'OFP_METER_MULTIPART_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_MULTIPART_REQUEST_SIZE', 'OFP_METER_STATS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_METER_STATS_SIZE', 'OFP_MULTIPART_REPLY_PACK_STR', 'OFP_MULTIPART_REPLY_SIZE', 'OFP_MULTIPART_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'OFP_MULTIPART_REQUEST_SIZE', 'OFP_NO_BUFFER', 'OFP_OXM_EXPERIMENTER_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_OXM_EXPERIMENTER_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_PACKET_IN_PACK_STR', 'OFP_PACKET_IN_SIZE', 'OFP_PACKET_OUT_PACK_STR', 'OFP_PACKET_OUT_SIZE', 'OFP_PACKET_QUEUE_PACK_STR', 'OFP_PACKET_QUEUE_SIZE', 'OFP_PORT_MOD_PACK_STR', 'OFP_PORT_MOD_SIZE', 'OFP_PORT_PACK_STR', 'OFP_PORT_SIZE', 'OFP_PORT_STATS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_PORT_STATS_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'OFP_PORT_STATS_REQUEST_SIZE', 'OFP_PORT_STATS_SIZE', 'OFP_PORT_STATUS_DESC_OFFSET', 'OFP_PORT_STATUS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_PORT_STATUS_SIZE', 'OFP_PROP_EXPERIMENTER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_PROP_EXPERIMENTER_SIZE', 'OFP_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REPLY_PACK_STR', 'OFP_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REPLY_SIZE', 'OFP_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'OFP_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST_SIZE', 'OFP_QUEUE_PROP_EXPERIMENTER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_QUEUE_PROP_EXPERIMENTER_SIZE', 'OFP_QUEUE_PROP_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'OFP_QUEUE_PROP_HEADER_SIZE', 'OFP_QUEUE_PROP_MAX_RATE_PACK_STR', 'OFP_QUEUE_PROP_MAX_RATE_SIZE', 'OFP_QUEUE_PROP_MIN_RATE_PACK_STR', 'OFP_QUEUE_PROP_MIN_RATE_SIZE', 'OFP_QUEUE_STATS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_QUEUE_STATS_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'OFP_QUEUE_STATS_REQUEST_SIZE', 'OFP_QUEUE_STATS_SIZE', 'OFP_ROLE_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'OFP_ROLE_REQUEST_SIZE', 'OFP_SWITCH_CONFIG_PACK_STR', 'OFP_SWITCH_CONFIG_SIZE', 'OFP_SWITCH_FEATURES_PACK_STR', 'OFP_SWITCH_FEATURES_SIZE', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURES_PACK_STR', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURES_SIZE', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURE_PROP_ACTIONS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURE_PROP_ACTIONS_SIZE', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURE_PROP_INSTRUCTIONS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURE_PROP_INSTRUCTIONS_SIZE', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURE_PROP_NEXT_TABLES_PACK_STR', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURE_PROP_NEXT_TABLES_SIZE', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURE_PROP_OXM_PACK_STR', 'OFP_TABLE_FEATURE_PROP_OXM_SIZE', 'OFP_TABLE_MOD_PACK_STR', 'OFP_TABLE_MOD_SIZE', 'OFP_TABLE_STATS_PACK_STR', 'OFP_TABLE_STATS_SIZE', 'OFP_TCP_PORT', 'OFP_VERSION', 'ONFERR_DUP_INSTRUCTION', 'ONFERR_ET_ASYNC_EPERM', 'ONFERR_ET_ASYNC_INVALUD', 'ONFERR_ET_ASYNC_UNSUPPORTED', 'ONFERR_ET_BAD_FLAGS', 'ONFERR_ET_BAD_ID', 'ONFERR_ET_BAD_PRIORITY', 'ONFERR_ET_BAD_TYPE', 'ONFERR_ET_BUNDLE_CLOSED', 'ONFERR_ET_BUNDLE_EXIST', 'ONFERR_ET_BUNDLE_IN_PROGRESS', 'ONFERR_ET_CANT_SYNC', 'ONFERR_ET_EPERM', 'ONFERR_ET_FAILED', 'ONFERR_ET_MPART_REPLY_TIMEOUT', 'ONFERR_ET_MPART_REQUEST_TIMEOUT', 'ONFERR_ET_MSG_BAD_LEN', 'ONFERR_ET_MSG_BAD_XID', 'ONFERR_ET_MSG_CONFLICT', 'ONFERR_ET_MSG_TOO_MANY', 'ONFERR_ET_MSG_UNSUP', 'ONFERR_ET_OUT_OF_BUNDLES', 'ONFERR_ET_TIMEOUT', 'ONFERR_ET_UNKNOWN', 'ONFFME_ABBREV', 'ONFFME_ADDED', 'ONFFME_DELETED', 'ONFFME_MODIFIED', 'ONFFMF_ACTIONS', 'ONFFMF_ADD', 'ONFFMF_DELETE', 'ONFFMF_INITIAL', 'ONFFMF_MODIFY', 'ONFFMF_OWN', 'ONFMP_FLOW_MONITOR', 'ONFT_FLOW_MONITOR_CANCEL', 'ONFT_FLOW_MONITOR_PAUSED', 'ONFT_FLOW_MONITOR_RESUMED', 'ONF_BCT_CLOSE_REPLY', 'ONF_BCT_CLOSE_REQUEST', 'ONF_BCT_COMMIT_REPLY', 'ONF_BCT_COMMIT_REQUEST', 'ONF_BCT_DISCARD_REPLY', 'ONF_BCT_DISCARD_REQUEST', 'ONF_BCT_OPEN_REPLY', 'ONF_BCT_OPEN_REQUEST', 'ONF_BF_ATOMIC', 'ONF_BF_ORDERED', 'ONF_BUNDLE_ADD_MSG_PACK_STR', 'ONF_BUNDLE_ADD_MSG_SIZE', 'ONF_BUNDLE_CTRL_PACK_STR', 'ONF_BUNDLE_CTRL_SIZE', 'ONF_ET_BPT_EXPERIMENTER', 'ONF_ET_BUNDLE_ADD_MESSAGE', 'ONF_ET_BUNDLE_CONTROL', 'ONF_FLOW_MONITOR_REQUEST_PACK_STR', 'ONF_FLOW_MONITOR_REQUEST_SIZE', 'ONF_FLOW_UPDATE_ABBREV_PACK_STR', 'ONF_FLOW_UPDATE_ABBREV_SIZE', 'ONF_FLOW_UPDATE_FULL_PACK_STR', 'ONF_FLOW_UPDATE_FULL_SIZE', 'ONF_FLOW_UPDATE_HEADER_PACK_STR', 'ONF_FLOW_UPDATE_HEADER_SIZE', 'OXM_OF_ARP_OP', 'OXM_OF_ARP_OP_W', 'OXM_OF_ARP_SHA', 'OXM_OF_ARP_SHA_W', 'OXM_OF_ARP_SPA', 'OXM_OF_ARP_SPA_W', 'OXM_OF_ARP_THA', 'OXM_OF_ARP_THA_W', 'OXM_OF_ARP_TPA', 'OXM_OF_ARP_TPA_W', 'OXM_OF_ETH_DST', 'OXM_OF_ETH_DST_W', 'OXM_OF_ETH_SRC', 'OXM_OF_ETH_SRC_W', 'OXM_OF_ETH_TYPE', 'OXM_OF_ETH_TYPE_W', 'OXM_OF_ICMPV4_CODE', 'OXM_OF_ICMPV4_CODE_W', 'OXM_OF_ICMPV4_TYPE', 'OXM_OF_ICMPV4_TYPE_W', 'OXM_OF_ICMPV6_CODE', 'OXM_OF_ICMPV6_CODE_W', 'OXM_OF_ICMPV6_TYPE', 'OXM_OF_ICMPV6_TYPE_W', 'OXM_OF_IN_PHY_PORT', 'OXM_OF_IN_PHY_PORT_W', 'OXM_OF_IN_PORT', 'OXM_OF_IN_PORT_W', 'OXM_OF_IPV4_DST', 'OXM_OF_IPV4_DST_W', 'OXM_OF_IPV4_SRC', 'OXM_OF_IPV4_SRC_W', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_DST', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_DST_W', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_EXTHDR', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_EXTHDR_W', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_FLABEL', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_FLABEL_W', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_ND_SLL', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_ND_SLL_W', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_ND_TARGET', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_ND_TARGET_W', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_ND_TLL', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_ND_TLL_W', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_SRC', 'OXM_OF_IPV6_SRC_W', 'OXM_OF_IP_DSCP', 'OXM_OF_IP_DSCP_W', 'OXM_OF_IP_ECN', 'OXM_OF_IP_ECN_W', 'OXM_OF_IP_PROTO', 'OXM_OF_IP_PROTO_W', 'OXM_OF_METADATA', 'OXM_OF_METADATA_W', 'OXM_OF_MPLS_BOS', 'OXM_OF_MPLS_BOS_W', 'OXM_OF_MPLS_LABEL', 'OXM_OF_MPLS_LABEL_W', 'OXM_OF_MPLS_TC', 'OXM_OF_MPLS_TC_W', 'OXM_OF_PBB_ISID', 'OXM_OF_PBB_ISID_W', 'OXM_OF_SCTP_DST', 'OXM_OF_SCTP_DST_W', 'OXM_OF_SCTP_SRC', 'OXM_OF_SCTP_SRC_W', 'OXM_OF_TCP_DST', 'OXM_OF_TCP_DST_W', 'OXM_OF_TCP_SRC', 'OXM_OF_TCP_SRC_W', 'OXM_OF_TUNNEL_ID', 'OXM_OF_TUNNEL_ID_W', 'OXM_OF_UDP_DST', 'OXM_OF_UDP_DST_W', 'OXM_OF_UDP_SRC', 'OXM_OF_UDP_SRC_W', 'OXM_OF_VLAN_PCP', 'OXM_OF_VLAN_PCP_W', 'OXM_OF_VLAN_VID', 'OXM_OF_VLAN_VID_W', 'SERIAL_NUM_LEN', 'SERIAL_NUM_LEN_STR', '_OFP_AGGREGATE_STATS_REQUEST_0_PACK_STR', '_OFP_FLOW_MOD_PACK_STR0', '_OFP_FLOW_REMOVED_PACK_STR0', '_OFP_FLOW_STATS_0_PACK_STR', '_OFP_FLOW_STATS_REQUEST_0_PACK_STR', '_OFP_MATCH_PACK_STR', '_OFP_PORT_PACK_STR', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', '_oxm_field_desc', '_oxm_tlv_header', 'calcsize', 'nicira_ext', 'ofp_error_code_to_str', 'ofp_error_to_jsondict', 'ofp_error_type_to_str', 'ofp_msg_type_to_str', 'ofproto_utils', 'oxm_fields', 'oxm_from_jsondict', 'oxm_from_user', 'oxm_from_user_header', 'oxm_get_field_info_by_name', 'oxm_normalize_user', 'oxm_parse', 'oxm_parse_header', 'oxm_serialize', 'oxm_serialize_header', 'oxm_tlv_header', 'oxm_tlv_header_extract_hasmask', 'oxm_tlv_header_extract_length', 'oxm_tlv_header_w', 'oxm_to_jsondict', 'oxm_to_user', 'oxm_to_user_header', 'oxm_types', 'type_desc']

View Code

5.获取逻辑设备datapath中OpenFlow协议解析信息

<module 'ryu.ofproto.ofproto_v1_3_parser' from '/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/ryu/ofproto/ofproto_v1_3_parser.py'>

['Flow', 'FlowWildcards', 'LOG', 'MTArpOp', 'MTArpSha', 'MTArpSpa', 'MTArpTha', 'MTArpTpa', 'MTEthDst', 'MTEthSrc', 'MTEthType', 'MTICMPV4Code', 'MTICMPV4Type', 'MTICMPV6Code', 'MTICMPV6Type', 'MTIPDscp', 'MTIPECN', 'MTIPProto', 'MTIPV4Dst', 'MTIPV4Src', 'MTIPv6', 'MTIPv6Dst', 'MTIPv6ExtHdr', 'MTIPv6Flabel', 'MTIPv6NdSll', 'MTIPv6NdTarget', 'MTIPv6NdTll', 'MTIPv6Src', 'MTInPhyPort', 'MTInPort', 'MTMetadata', 'MTMplsBos', 'MTMplsLabel', 'MTMplsTc', 'MTPbbIsid', 'MTSCTPDst', 'MTSCTPSrc', 'MTTCPDst', 'MTTCPSrc', 'MTTunnelId', 'MTUDPDst', 'MTUDPSrc', 'MTVlanPcp', 'MTVlanVid', 'MsgBase', 'NXAction', 'NXActionBundle', 'NXActionBundleLoad', 'NXActionCT', 'NXActionCTClear', 'NXActionConjunction', 'NXActionController', 'NXActionController2', 'NXActionDecMplsTtl', 'NXActionDecNshTtl', 'NXActionDecTtl', 'NXActionDecTtlCntIds', 'NXActionEncapEther', 'NXActionEncapNsh', 'NXActionExit', 'NXActionFinTimeout', 'NXActionLearn', 'NXActionMultipath', 'NXActionNAT', 'NXActionNote', 'NXActionOutputReg', 'NXActionOutputReg2', 'NXActionOutputTrunc', 'NXActionPopMpls', 'NXActionPopQueue', 'NXActionPushMpls', 'NXActionRegLoad', 'NXActionRegLoad2', 'NXActionRegMove', 'NXActionResubmit', 'NXActionResubmitTable', 'NXActionSample', 'NXActionSample2', 'NXActionSetMplsLabel', 'NXActionSetMplsTc', 'NXActionSetMplsTtl', 'NXActionSetQueue', 'NXActionSetTunnel', 'NXActionSetTunnel64', 'NXActionStackPop', 'NXActionStackPush', 'NXActionUnknown', 'NXFlowSpecLoad', 'NXFlowSpecMatch', 'NXFlowSpecOutput', 'OFPAction', 'OFPActionCopyTtlIn', 'OFPActionCopyTtlOut', 'OFPActionDecMplsTtl', 'OFPActionDecNwTtl', 'OFPActionExperimenter', 'OFPActionExperimenterUnknown', 'OFPActionGroup', 'OFPActionHeader', 'OFPActionId', 'OFPActionOutput', 'OFPActionPopMpls', 'OFPActionPopPbb', 'OFPActionPopVlan', 'OFPActionPushMpls', 'OFPActionPushPbb', 'OFPActionPushVlan', 'OFPActionSetField', 'OFPActionSetMplsTtl', 'OFPActionSetNwTtl', 'OFPActionSetQueue', 'OFPAggregateStats', 'OFPAggregateStatsReply', 'OFPAggregateStatsRequest', 'OFPBarrierReply', 'OFPBarrierRequest', 'OFPBucket', 'OFPBucketCounter', 'OFPDescStats', 'OFPDescStatsReply', 'OFPDescStatsRequest', 'OFPEchoReply', 'OFPEchoRequest', 'OFPErrorExperimenterMsg', 'OFPErrorMsg', 'OFPExperimenter', 'OFPExperimenterMultipart', 'OFPExperimenterOxmId', 'OFPExperimenterStatsReply', 'OFPExperimenterStatsRequest', 'OFPExperimenterStatsRequestBase', 'OFPFeaturesRequest', 'OFPFlowMod', 'OFPFlowRemoved', 'OFPFlowStats', 'OFPFlowStatsReply', 'OFPFlowStatsRequest', 'OFPFlowStatsRequestBase', 'OFPGetAsyncReply', 'OFPGetAsyncRequest', 'OFPGetConfigReply', 'OFPGetConfigRequest', 'OFPGroupDescStats', 'OFPGroupDescStatsReply', 'OFPGroupDescStatsRequest', 'OFPGroupFeaturesStats', 'OFPGroupFeaturesStatsReply', 'OFPGroupFeaturesStatsRequest', 'OFPGroupMod', 'OFPGroupStats', 'OFPGroupStatsReply', 'OFPGroupStatsRequest', 'OFPHello', 'OFPHelloElemVersionBitmap', 'OFPInstruction', 'OFPInstructionActions', 'OFPInstructionGotoTable', 'OFPInstructionId', 'OFPInstructionMeter', 'OFPInstructionWriteMetadata', 'OFPMatch', 'OFPMatchField', 'OFPMeterBand', 'OFPMeterBandDrop', 'OFPMeterBandDscpRemark', 'OFPMeterBandExperimenter', 'OFPMeterBandHeader', 'OFPMeterBandStats', 'OFPMeterConfigStats', 'OFPMeterConfigStatsReply', 'OFPMeterConfigStatsRequest', 'OFPMeterFeaturesStats', 'OFPMeterFeaturesStatsReply', 'OFPMeterFeaturesStatsRequest', 'OFPMeterMod', 'OFPMeterStats', 'OFPMeterStatsReply', 'OFPMeterStatsRequest', 'OFPMultipartReply', 'OFPMultipartRequest', 'OFPOxmId', 'OFPPacketIn', 'OFPPacketOut', 'OFPPacketQueue', 'OFPPort', 'OFPPortDescStatsReply', 'OFPPortDescStatsRequest', 'OFPPortMod', 'OFPPortStats', 'OFPPortStatsReply', 'OFPPortStatsRequest', 'OFPPortStatus', 'OFPPropBase', 'OFPPropCommonExperimenter4ByteData', 'OFPPropUnknown', 'OFPQueueGetConfigReply', 'OFPQueueGetConfigRequest', 'OFPQueueProp', 'OFPQueuePropExperimenter', 'OFPQueuePropHeader', 'OFPQueuePropMaxRate', 'OFPQueuePropMinRate', 'OFPQueueStats', 'OFPQueueStatsReply', 'OFPQueueStatsRequest', 'OFPRoleReply', 'OFPRoleRequest', 'OFPSetAsync', 'OFPSetConfig', 'OFPSwitchFeatures', 'OFPTableFeatureProp', 'OFPTableFeaturePropActions', 'OFPTableFeaturePropExperimenter', 'OFPTableFeaturePropInstructions', 'OFPTableFeaturePropNextTables', 'OFPTableFeaturePropOxm', 'OFPTableFeaturePropUnknown', 'OFPTableFeaturesStats', 'OFPTableFeaturesStatsReply', 'OFPTableFeaturesStatsRequest', 'OFPTableMod', 'OFPTableStats', 'OFPTableStatsReply', 'OFPTableStatsRequest', 'ONFBundleAddMsg', 'ONFBundleCtrlMsg', 'ONFFlowMonitorRequest', 'ONFFlowMonitorStatsRequest', 'StringifyMixin', 'UINT16_MAX', 'UINT32_MAX', 'UINT64_MAX', '_MSG_PARSERS', '_NXFlowSpec', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', '_register_exp_type', '_register_parser', '_set_msg_type', '_set_stats_type', 'addrconv', 'base64', 'ether', 'exception', 'logging', 'mac', 'msg_pack_into', 'msg_parser', 'nx_actions', 'ofproto', 'ofproto_common', 'ofproto_parser', 'packet', 'six', 'struct', 'utils']

View Code

https://blog.csdn.net/Neo233/article/details/79933849编程

5.经过ofp_parser中获取match类匹配

OFPMatch(oxm_fields={})

['_TYPE', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_base_attributes', '_class_prefixes', '_class_suffixes', '_composed_with_old_api', '_decode_value', '_encode_value', '_fields2', '_flow', '_get_decoder', '_get_default_decoder', '_get_default_encoder', '_get_encoder', '_get_type', '_is_class', '_opt_attributes', '_restore_args', '_wc', 'append_field', 'cls_from_jsondict_key', 'fields', 'from_jsondict', 'get', 'items', 'iteritems', 'length', 'obj_from_jsondict', 'parser', 'parser_old', 'serialize', 'serialize_old', 'set_arp_opcode', 'set_arp_sha', 'set_arp_sha_masked', 'set_arp_spa', 'set_arp_spa_masked', 'set_arp_tha', 'set_arp_tha_masked', 'set_arp_tpa', 'set_arp_tpa_masked', 'set_classes', 'set_dl_dst', 'set_dl_dst_masked', 'set_dl_src', 'set_dl_src_masked', 'set_dl_type', 'set_icmpv4_code', 'set_icmpv4_type', 'set_icmpv6_code', 'set_icmpv6_type', 'set_in_phy_port', 'set_in_port', 'set_ip_dscp', 'set_ip_ecn', 'set_ip_proto', 'set_ipv4_dst', 'set_ipv4_dst_masked', 'set_ipv4_src', 'set_ipv4_src_masked', 'set_ipv6_dst', 'set_ipv6_dst_masked', 'set_ipv6_exthdr', 'set_ipv6_exthdr_masked', 'set_ipv6_flabel', 'set_ipv6_flabel_masked', 'set_ipv6_nd_sll', 'set_ipv6_nd_target', 'set_ipv6_nd_tll', 'set_ipv6_src', 'set_ipv6_src_masked', 'set_metadata', 'set_metadata_masked', 'set_mpls_bos', 'set_mpls_label', 'set_mpls_tc', 'set_pbb_isid', 'set_pbb_isid_masked', 'set_sctp_dst', 'set_sctp_src', 'set_tcp_dst', 'set_tcp_src', 'set_tunnel_id', 'set_tunnel_id_masked', 'set_udp_dst', 'set_udp_src', 'set_vlan_pcp', 'set_vlan_vid', 'set_vlan_vid_masked', 'set_vlan_vid_none', 'stringify_attrs', 'to_jsondict', 'type']

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5.经过ofp_parser中获取actions类匹配

[OFPActionOutput(len=16,max_len=65535,port=4294967293,type=0)]

['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__iadd__', '__imul__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__reversed__', '__rmul__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'append', 'clear', 'copy', 'count', 'extend', 'index', 'insert', 'pop', 'remove', 'reverse', 'sort']

View Code

６.match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch()中OFPMatch类协议支持的匹配方式

class OFPMatch(StringifyMixin):
    """
    Flow Match Structure

    This class is implementation of the flow match structure having
    compose/query API.
    There are new API and old API for compatibility. the old API is
    supposed to be removed later.

    You can define the flow match by the keyword arguments.
    The following arguments are available.
 ================ =============== ================================== Argument Value Description ================ =============== ================================== in_port Integer 32bit Switch input port in_phy_port Integer 32bit Switch physical input port metadata Integer 64bit Metadata passed between tables eth_dst MAC address Ethernet destination address eth_src MAC address Ethernet source address eth_type Integer 16bit Ethernet frame type vlan_vid Integer 16bit VLAN id vlan_pcp Integer 8bit VLAN priority ip_dscp Integer 8bit IP DSCP (6 bits in ToS field) ip_ecn Integer 8bit IP ECN (2 bits in ToS field) ip_proto Integer 8bit IP protocol ipv4_src IPv4 address IPv4 source address ipv4_dst IPv4 address IPv4 destination address tcp_src Integer 16bit TCP source port tcp_dst Integer 16bit TCP destination port udp_src Integer 16bit UDP source port udp_dst Integer 16bit UDP destination port sctp_src Integer 16bit SCTP source port sctp_dst Integer 16bit SCTP destination port icmpv4_type Integer 8bit ICMP type icmpv4_code Integer 8bit ICMP code arp_op Integer 16bit ARP opcode arp_spa IPv4 address ARP source IPv4 address arp_tpa IPv4 address ARP target IPv4 address arp_sha MAC address ARP source hardware address arp_tha MAC address ARP target hardware address ipv6_src IPv6 address IPv6 source address ipv6_dst IPv6 address IPv6 destination address ipv6_flabel Integer 32bit IPv6 Flow Label icmpv6_type Integer 8bit ICMPv6 type icmpv6_code Integer 8bit ICMPv6 code ipv6_nd_target IPv6 address Target address for ND ipv6_nd_sll MAC address Source link-layer for ND ipv6_nd_tll MAC address Target link-layer for ND mpls_label Integer 32bit MPLS label mpls_tc Integer 8bit MPLS TC mpls_bos Integer 8bit MPLS BoS bit pbb_isid Integer 24bit PBB I-SID tunnel_id Integer 64bit Logical Port Metadata ipv6_exthdr Integer 16bit IPv6 Extension Header pseudo-field pbb_uca Integer 8bit PBB UCA header field (EXT-256 Old version of ONF Extension) tcp_flags Integer 16bit TCP flags (EXT-109 ONF Extension) actset_output Integer 32bit Output port from action set metadata (EXT-233 ONF Extension) ================ =============== ==================================  Example:: >>> # compose >>> match = parser.OFPMatch( ... in_port=1, ... eth_type=0x86dd, ... ipv6_src=('2001:db8:bd05:1d2:288a:1fc0:1:10ee', ... 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::'), ... ipv6_dst='2001:db8:bd05:1d2:288a:1fc0:1:10ee') >>> # query >>> if 'ipv6_src' in match: ... print match['ipv6_src'] ... ('2001:db8:bd05:1d2:288a:1fc0:1:10ee', 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::')  .. Note:: For the list of the supported Nicira experimenter matches, please refer to :ref:`ryu.ofproto.nx_match <nx_match_structures>`. .. Note:: For VLAN id match field, special values are defined in OpenFlow Spec. 1) Packets with and without a VLAN tag - Example:: match = parser.OFPMatch() - Packet Matching ====================== ===== non-VLAN-tagged MATCH VLAN-tagged(vlan_id=3) MATCH VLAN-tagged(vlan_id=5) MATCH ====================== ===== 2) Only packets without a VLAN tag - Example:: match = parser.OFPMatch(vlan_vid=0x0000) - Packet Matching ====================== ===== non-VLAN-tagged MATCH VLAN-tagged(vlan_id=3) x VLAN-tagged(vlan_id=5) x ====================== ===== 3) Only packets with a VLAN tag regardless of its value - Example:: match = parser.OFPMatch(vlan_vid=(0x1000, 0x1000)) - Packet Matching ====================== ===== non-VLAN-tagged x VLAN-tagged(vlan_id=3) MATCH VLAN-tagged(vlan_id=5) MATCH ====================== ===== 4) Only packets with VLAN tag and VID equal - Example:: match = parser.OFPMatch(vlan_vid=(0x1000 | 3)) - Packet Matching ====================== ===== non-VLAN-tagged x VLAN-tagged(vlan_id=3) MATCH VLAN-tagged(vlan_id=5) x ====================== ===== """

７．out = ofp_parser.OFPPacketOut(datapath=datapath,buffer_id=msg.buffer_id,in_port=in_port,actions=actions,data=msg.data)

        out = ofp_parser.OFPPacketOut(datapath=datapath,buffer_id=msg.buffer_id,
                                            in_port=in_port,actions=actions)    

        datapath.send_msg(out);

控制器使用此消息经过交换机发送数据包（存在控制器的消息缓存，咱们须要发送给交换机，让他进行发送）---注意咱们不只要传递buffer_id还要传递data才能够实现将数据返回

@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_PACKET_OUT)
class OFPPacketOut(MsgBase):
    """
    Packet-Out message

    The controller uses this message to send a packet out throught the
    switch.

    ================ ======================================================
    Attribute        Description
    ================ ======================================================
 buffer_id ID assigned by datapath (OFP_NO_BUFFER if none) in_port Packet's input port or ``OFPP_CONTROLLER`` actions list of OpenFlow action class data Packet data of a binary type value or an instances of packet.Packet.
    ================ ======================================================

    Example::

 def send_packet_out(self, datapath, buffer_id, in_port): ofp = datapath.ofproto ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofp.OFPP_FLOOD, 0)] req = ofp_parser.OFPPacketOut(datapath, buffer_id, in_port, actions) datapath.send_msg(req) """
 def __init__(self, datapath, buffer_id=None, in_port=None, actions=None, data=None, actions_len=None): assert in_port is not None

        super(OFPPacketOut, self).__init__(datapath)
        self.buffer_id = buffer_id
        self.in_port = in_port
        self.actions_len = 0
        self.actions = actions
        self.data = data

    def _serialize_body(self):
        self.actions_len = 0
        offset = ofproto.OFP_PACKET_OUT_SIZE
        for a in self.actions:
            a.serialize(self.buf, offset)
            offset += a.len
            self.actions_len += a.len

        if self.data is not None:
            assert self.buffer_id == 0xffffffff
            if isinstance(self.data, packet.Packet):
                self.data.serialize()
                self.buf += self.data.data
            else:
                self.buf += self.data

        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_PACKET_OUT_PACK_STR,
                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE,
                      self.buffer_id, self.in_port, self.actions_len)

    @classmethod
    def from_jsondict(cls, dict_, decode_string=base64.b64decode,
                      **additional_args):
        if isinstance(dict_['data'], dict):
            data = dict_.pop('data')
            ins = super(OFPPacketOut, cls).from_jsondict(dict_,
                                                         decode_string,
                                                         **additional_args)
            ins.data = packet.Packet.from_jsondict(data['Packet'])
            dict_['data'] = data
        else:
            ins = super(OFPPacketOut, cls).from_jsondict(dict_,
                                                         decode_string,
                                                         **additional_args)

        return ins

８．inst = [ofp_parser.OFPInstructionActions(ofproto.OFPIT_APPLY_ACTIONS,actions)]

        inst = [ofp_parser.OFPInstructionActions(ofproto.OFPIT_APPLY_ACTIONS,
                                             actions)]

        mod = ofp_parser.OFPFlowMod(datapath=datapath,priority=priority,
                                    match=match,instructions=inst)
        datapath.send_msg(mod);

此指令写入/应用/清除操做。就是说经过这个类实现咱们对声明的ａｃｔｉｏｎｓ行为进行应用（应用这个动做）、仍是清除（不须要这个动做了）、仍是写入操做

class OFPInstruction(StringifyMixin):
    _INSTRUCTION_TYPES = {}

    @staticmethod
    def register_instruction_type(types):
        def _register_instruction_type(cls):
            for type_ in types:
                OFPInstruction._INSTRUCTION_TYPES[type_] = cls
            return cls
        return _register_instruction_type

    @classmethod
    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
        (type_, len_) = struct.unpack_from('!HH', buf, offset)
        cls_ = cls._INSTRUCTION_TYPES.get(type_)
        return cls_.parser(buf, offset)

@OFPInstruction.register_instruction_type([ofproto.OFPIT_WRITE_ACTIONS,
                                           ofproto.OFPIT_APPLY_ACTIONS,
                                           ofproto.OFPIT_CLEAR_ACTIONS])
class OFPInstructionActions(OFPInstruction):
    """
    Actions instruction

    This instruction writes/applies/clears the actions.

    ================ ======================================================
    Attribute        Description
    ================ ======================================================
 type One of following values. | OFPIT_WRITE_ACTIONS | OFPIT_APPLY_ACTIONS | OFPIT_CLEAR_ACTIONS actions list of OpenFlow action class
    ================ ======================================================

    ``type`` attribute corresponds to ``type_`` parameter of __init__.
    """
 def __init__(self, type_, actions=None, len_=None): super(OFPInstructionActions, self).__init__() self.type = type_ for a in actions: assert isinstance(a, OFPAction) self.actions = actions

    @classmethod
    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
        (type_, len_) = struct.unpack_from(
            ofproto.OFP_INSTRUCTION_ACTIONS_PACK_STR,
            buf, offset)

        offset += ofproto.OFP_INSTRUCTION_ACTIONS_SIZE
        actions = []
        actions_len = len_ - ofproto.OFP_INSTRUCTION_ACTIONS_SIZE
        exc = None
        try:
            while actions_len > 0:
                a = OFPAction.parser(buf, offset)
                actions.append(a)
                actions_len -= a.len
                offset += a.len
        except struct.error as e:
            exc = e

        inst = cls(type_, actions)
        inst.len = len_
        if exc is not None:
            raise exception.OFPTruncatedMessage(ofpmsg=inst,
                                                residue=buf[offset:],
                                                original_exception=exc)
        return inst

    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
        action_offset = offset + ofproto.OFP_INSTRUCTION_ACTIONS_SIZE
        if self.actions:
            for a in self.actions:
                a.serialize(buf, action_offset)
                action_offset += a.len

        self.len = action_offset - offset
        pad_len = utils.round_up(self.len, 8) - self.len
        msg_pack_into("%dx" % pad_len, buf, action_offset)
        self.len += pad_len

        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_INSTRUCTION_ACTIONS_PACK_STR,
                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len)

９．mod = ofp_parser.OFPFlowMod(datapath=datapath,priority=priority,match=match,instructions=inst);　修改流表项消息　控制器发送此消息以修改流表。

@_register_parser
@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_FLOW_MOD)
class OFPFlowMod(MsgBase): """ Modify Flow entry message The controller sends this message to modify the flow table.  ================ ====================================================== Attribute Description ================ ====================================================== cookie Opaque controller-issued identifier cookie_mask Mask used to restrict the cookie bits that must match when the command is ``OPFFC_MODIFY*`` or ``OFPFC_DELETE*`` table_id ID of the table to put the flow in command One of the following values. | OFPFC_ADD | OFPFC_MODIFY | OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT | OFPFC_DELETE | OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT idle_timeout Idle time before discarding (seconds) hard_timeout Max time before discarding (seconds) priority Priority level of flow entry buffer_id Buffered packet to apply to (or OFP_NO_BUFFER) out_port For ``OFPFC_DELETE*`` commands, require matching entries to include this as an output port out_group For ``OFPFC_DELETE*`` commands, require matching entries to include this as an output group flags Bitmap of the following flags. | OFPFF_SEND_FLOW_REM | OFPFF_CHECK_OVERLAP | OFPFF_RESET_COUNTS | OFPFF_NO_PKT_COUNTS | OFPFF_NO_BYT_COUNTS match Instance of ``OFPMatch`` instructions list of ``OFPInstruction*`` instance ================ ====================================================== Example:: def send_flow_mod(self, datapath): ofp = datapath.ofproto ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser cookie = cookie_mask = 0 table_id = 0 idle_timeout = hard_timeout = 0 priority = 32768 buffer_id = ofp.OFP_NO_BUFFER match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch(in_port=1, eth_dst='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff') actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofp.OFPP_NORMAL, 0)] inst = [ofp_parser.OFPInstructionActions(ofp.OFPIT_APPLY_ACTIONS, actions)] req = ofp_parser.OFPFlowMod(datapath, cookie, cookie_mask, table_id, ofp.OFPFC_ADD, idle_timeout, hard_timeout, priority, buffer_id, ofp.OFPP_ANY, ofp.OFPG_ANY, ofp.OFPFF_SEND_FLOW_REM, match, inst) datapath.send_msg(req) """  def __init__(self, datapath, cookie=0, cookie_mask=0, table_id=0, command=ofproto.OFPFC_ADD, idle_timeout=0, hard_timeout=0, priority=ofproto.OFP_DEFAULT_PRIORITY, buffer_id=ofproto.OFP_NO_BUFFER, out_port=0, out_group=0, flags=0, match=None, instructions=None): instructions = instructions if instructions else [] super(OFPFlowMod, self).__init__(datapath) self.cookie = cookie self.cookie_mask = cookie_mask self.table_id = table_id self.command = command self.idle_timeout = idle_timeout self.hard_timeout = hard_timeout self.priority = priority self.buffer_id = buffer_id self.out_port = out_port self.out_group = out_group self.flags = flags if match is None: match = OFPMatch() assert isinstance(match, OFPMatch) self.match = match for i in instructions: assert isinstance(i, OFPInstruction) self.instructions = instructions def _serialize_body(self): msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_FLOW_MOD_PACK_STR0, self.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE, self.cookie, self.cookie_mask, self.table_id, self.command, self.idle_timeout, self.hard_timeout, self.priority, self.buffer_id, self.out_port, self.out_group, self.flags) offset = (ofproto.OFP_FLOW_MOD_SIZE - ofproto.OFP_MATCH_SIZE) match_len = self.match.serialize(self.buf, offset) offset += match_len for inst in self.instructions: inst.serialize(self.buf, offset) offset += inst.len @classmethod def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf): msg = super(OFPFlowMod, cls).parser( datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf) (msg.cookie, msg.cookie_mask, msg.table_id, msg.command, msg.idle_timeout, msg.hard_timeout, msg.priority, msg.buffer_id, msg.out_port, msg.out_group, msg.flags) = struct.unpack_from( ofproto.OFP_FLOW_MOD_PACK_STR0, msg.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE) offset = ofproto.OFP_FLOW_MOD_SIZE - ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE try: msg.match = OFPMatch.parser(buf, offset) except exception.OFPTruncatedMessage as e: msg.match = e.ofpmsg e.ofpmsg = msg raise e offset += utils.round_up(msg.match.length, 8) instructions = [] try: while offset < msg_len: i = OFPInstruction.parser(buf, offset) instructions.append(i) offset += i.len except exception.OFPTruncatedMessage as e: instructions.append(e.ofpmsg) msg.instructions = instructions e.ofpmsg = msg raise e except struct.error as e: msg.instructions = instructions raise exception.OFPTruncatedMessage(ofpmsg=msg, residue=buf[offset:], original_exception=e) msg.instructions = instructions return msg

１０．actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofproto.OFPP_CONTROLLER,ofproto.OFPCML_NO_BUFFER)]－－－此操做表示将数据包输出到交换机端口

@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_OUTPUT,
                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_OUTPUT_SIZE)
class OFPActionOutput(OFPAction):  """ Output action This action indicates output a packet to the switch port. ================ ====================================================== Attribute Description ================ ====================================================== port Output port max_len Max length to send to controller ================ ====================================================== """  def __init__(self, port, max_len=ofproto.OFPCML_MAX, type_=None, len_=None): super(OFPActionOutput, self).__init__() self.port = port self.max_len = max_len @classmethod def parser(cls, buf, offset): type_, len_, port, max_len = struct.unpack_from( ofproto.OFP_ACTION_OUTPUT_PACK_STR, buf, offset) return cls(port, max_len) def serialize(self, buf, offset): msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_OUTPUT_PACK_STR, buf, offset, self.type, self.len, self.port, self.max_len)

１１．ofproto.OFPP_CONTROLLER,ofproto.OFPCML_NO_BUFFER　　一个输出端口，一个是数据包最大长度

<module 'ryu.ofproto.ofproto_v1_3' from '/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/ryu/ofproto/ofproto_v1_3.py'>

# enum ofp_port_no
OFPP_MAX = 0xffffff00
OFPP_IN_PORT = 0xfffffff8       # Send the packet out the input port. This
                                # virtual port must be explicitly used
                                # in order to send back out of the input
                                # port.
OFPP_TABLE = 0xfffffff9         # Perform actions in flow table.
                                # NB: This can only be the destination
                                # port for packet-out messages.
OFPP_NORMAL = 0xfffffffa        # Process with normal L2/L3 switching.
OFPP_FLOOD = 0xfffffffb         # All physical ports except input port and
                                # those disabled by STP.
OFPP_ALL = 0xfffffffc           # All physical ports except input port.
OFPP_CONTROLLER = 0xfffffffd # Send to controller.　　这是让交换机将数据包发送给控制器《重点》
OFPP_LOCAL = 0xfffffffe         # Local openflow "port".
OFPP_ANY = 0xffffffff             # Not associated with a physical port.

actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofproto.OFPP_CONTROLLER,ofproto.OFPCML_NO_BUFFER)]　流表项动做表示将数据包发送给控制器

# enum ofp_controller_max_len
OFPCML_MAX = 0xffe5         # maximum max_len value which can be used to　　　　可用于请求特定字节长度的最大Max值。（是向控制器请求的最大数据长度）
                            # request a specific byte length.
OFPCML_NO_BUFFER = 0xffff   # indicates that no buffering should be　　　　指示不该应用缓冲，而且将整个数据包发送到控制器
                            # applied and the whole packet is to be
                            # sent to the controller.

actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofproto.OFPP_CONTROLLER,ofproto.OFPCML_NO_BUFFER)]　表示交换机中不用缓存数据包，所有发送给控制器便可

12.@set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPSwitchFeatures,CONFIG_DISPATCHER)中的事件，由ofp_event下面的代码动态生成

NAME = 'ofp_event'


class EventOFPMsgBase(event.EventBase):
    """
 The base class of OpenFlow event class.  OpenFlow event classes have at least the following attributes.

    .. tabularcolumns:: |l|L|

 ============ ============================================================== Attribute Description ============ ============================================================== msg An object which describes the corresponding OpenFlow message. msg.datapath A ryu.controller.controller.Datapath instance which describes an OpenFlow switch from which we received this OpenFlow message. timestamp Timestamp when Datapath instance generated this event. ============ ==============================================================

    The msg object has some more additional members whose values are extracted
    from the original OpenFlow message.
    """

    def __init__(self, msg):
        self.timestamp = time.time()
        super(EventOFPMsgBase, self).__init__()
        self.msg = msg


#
# Create ofp_event type corresponding to OFP Msg
#

_OFP_MSG_EVENTS = {}


def _ofp_msg_name_to_ev_name(msg_name):
    return 'Event' + msg_name


def ofp_msg_to_ev(msg):
    return ofp_msg_to_ev_cls(msg.__class__)(msg)


def ofp_msg_to_ev_cls(msg_cls):
    name = _ofp_msg_name_to_ev_name(msg_cls.__name__)
    return _OFP_MSG_EVENTS[name]


def _create_ofp_msg_ev_class(msg_cls):
    name = _ofp_msg_name_to_ev_name(msg_cls.__name__)
    # print 'creating ofp_event %s' % name

    if name in _OFP_MSG_EVENTS:
        return

    cls = type(name, (EventOFPMsgBase,),
               dict(__init__=lambda self, msg:
                    super(self.__class__, self).__init__(msg)))
    globals()[name] = cls
    _OFP_MSG_EVENTS[name] = cls


def _create_ofp_msg_ev_from_module(ofp_parser):
    # print mod
    for _k, cls in inspect.getmembers(ofp_parser, inspect.isclass):
        if not hasattr(cls, 'cls_msg_type'):
            continue
        _create_ofp_msg_ev_class(cls)


for ofp_mods in ofproto.get_ofp_modules().values():
    ofp_parser = ofp_mods[1]
    # print 'loading module %s' % ofp_parser
    _create_ofp_msg_ev_from_module(ofp_parser)

SDN实验---Ryu的应用开发（一）Hub实现

补充：

（一）Ubuntu下安装Notepadqq

背景：为何安装Notepadqq

安装：

安装（2）：

补充：什么是snap软件包？

卸载：

（二）Ubuntu下安装 sublime

优势：

安装：

1.因为最近下载速度太慢： http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kURLcZt 密码: acm6

2.进行安装：sudo dpkg -i sublime-text_build-3126_amd64.deb

3.安装package control以及Anaconda插件https://www.jianshu.com/p/36df65bc78f9

卸载编辑器

零：如何编程

一：Hub/集线器 （编程思路）《重点》

（一）明确问题

（二）设计解决方案

（三）肯定具体的技术方案

（四）部署实施

（五）验证方案

（六）优化

二：集线器原理---设计解决方案

三：部署实施---Ryu控制器API学习和使用（Hub集线器开发）

（一）代码实现

（二）启动控制器

（二）启动Mininet进行链接测试

Ryu控制器端响应：（注意：启动mininet后，再先关闭Ryu，从新进入，测试效果更好）

（三）使用pingall命令，使得主机向交换机发送数据包---从而实现交换机上传数据包到控制器，实现流表获取

四： Hub代码讲解（注释版）

通讯流程：《重点》

1.当开始一个Hub集线器时，会先与控制器进行链接，咱们须要在Ryu中设置函数去处理链接，设置并下发默认流表---------函数switch_features_handler实现

3.咱们将公共函数add_flow，构建流表项而且下发流表提出

五：实现总体程序运行了解《重点》

（一）程序入口在哪？------app_manager.RyuApp

1.app_manager.RyuApp是全部Ryu Applications的基类，咱们要实现一个控制器应用，必须继承该基类

2.咱们自定义的子类（继承于RyuAPP的子类），将在ryu-manager命令加载中被实例化(它是在ryu管理器加载全部请求的ryu应用程序模块后实例化的)

3.子类中的__init__方法须要调用父类的__init__方法，而且保持参数一致

（二）设置OpenFlow协议---OFP_VERSIONS

咱们设置的协议类型是1.3版本OFP_VERSIONS = [ofproto_v1_3.OFP_VERSION]，其中协议在 from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_v1_3 中

（三）事件监听----装饰器实现set_ev_cls

1.from ryu.controller.handler import set_ev_cls

2.被set_ev_cls装饰的函数将成为一个事件处理器，参数ev_cls是一个事件类，在controller下的ofp_event下（未找到....动态建立类type实现？？)，dispatchers参数是事件的协商阶段

3.装饰器实现代码

（四）协议解析

1.def switch_features_handler(self,ev):自定义函数参数中ev

2.查看事件中的msg类信息

3.获取逻辑设备datapath类信息

4.获取逻辑设备datapath中OpenFlow协议信息

5.获取逻辑设备datapath中OpenFlow协议解析信息

5.经过ofp_parser中获取match类匹配

5.经过ofp_parser中获取actions类匹配

６.match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch()中OFPMatch类协议支持的匹配方式

７．out = ofp_parser.OFPPacketOut(datapath=datapath,buffer_id=msg.buffer_id,in_port=in_port,actions=actions,data=msg.data)

控制器使用此消息经过交换机发送数据包（存在控制器的消息缓存，咱们须要发送给交换机，让他进行发送）---注意咱们不只要传递buffer_id还要传递data才能够实现将数据返回

８．inst = [ofp_parser.OFPInstructionActions(ofproto.OFPIT_APPLY_ACTIONS,actions)]

此指令写入/应用/清除操做。就是说经过这个类实现咱们对声明的ａｃｔｉｏｎｓ行为进行应用（应用这个动做）、仍是清除（不须要这个动做了）、仍是写入操做

９．mod = ofp_parser.OFPFlowMod(datapath=datapath,priority=priority,match=match,instructions=inst); 修改流表项消息 控制器发送此消息以修改流表。

１０．actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofproto.OFPP_CONTROLLER,ofproto.OFPCML_NO_BUFFER)]－－－此操做表示将数据包输出到交换机端口

１１．ofproto.OFPP_CONTROLLER,ofproto.OFPCML_NO_BUFFER 一个输出端口，一个是数据包最大长度

12.@set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPSwitchFeatures,CONFIG_DISPATCHER)中的事件，由ofp_event下面的代码动态生成

一：Hub/集线器（编程思路）《重点》

3.子类中的init方法须要调用父类的init方法，而且保持参数一致

９．mod = ofp_parser.OFPFlowMod(datapath=datapath,priority=priority,match=match,instructions=inst);　修改流表项消息　控制器发送此消息以修改流表。

１１．ofproto.OFPP_CONTROLLER,ofproto.OFPCML_NO_BUFFER　　一个输出端口，一个是数据包最大长度