关于泛型

时间 2021-02-14

标签 java ide this 翻译 code get class import 泛型 List 栏目 Java 繁體版

原文原文链接

泛型

泛型

思考

会不会报错？在多少行？怎么修改？java

import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Phone> phoneList = new ArrayList<>();
        phoneList.add(new Phone());
        phoneList.add(new Phone());

        List<Water> waterList = new ArrayList<>();
        waterList.add(new Water());
        waterList.add(new Water());

        SellGoods sellGoods=new SellGoods();
        sellGoods.sellAll(phoneList);
        sellGoods.sellAll(waterList);

    }
}

 abstract class Goods{
    public  abstract void sell();
}
class Phone extends Goods{
    @Override
    public void sell() {
        System.out.println("卖手机");
    }
}
class Water extends Goods{
    @Override
    public void sell() {
        System.out.println("卖水");
    }
}
class SellGoods{
    public void sellAll(List<Goods> goods){
        for (Goods g:goods){
            g.sell();
        }
    }
}

答案ide

//错误在1六、17行，翻译后以下
List<Goods> goods=new ArrayList<Phone>();//这在集合中是不容许的，必须先后泛型保持一致
//修改:将38行改为
public void sellAll(List< ? extends Goods> goods)//意思是goods和它子类均可以

泛型的好处

不须要强制转换this
避免了运行时异常翻译

自定义泛型类

形式一：一个参数

public class customizeGeneric<T> {
    private T name;

    public T getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(T name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        customizeGeneric<String> cg=new customizeGeneric<>();
        cg.setName("han");
        System.out.println( cg.getName());
    }
}

形式二：多个参数(2个及以上)

public class customizeGeneric<T,X> {
    private T name;
    private X age;
    public customizeGeneric(T name, X age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public T getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(T name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public X getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(X age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        customizeGeneric<String,Integer> cg=new customizeGeneric<>("han",21);
        System.out.println(cg.getName()+"    "+cg.getAge());
    }
}

自定义泛型方法

public class GenericMethod<T> {
    public void printValue(T t){
        System.out.println(t);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        GenericMethod gm=new GenericMethod();
        gm.printValue(16);
    }
}

或者code

public class GenericMethod {
    public<T> void printValue(T t){
        System.out.println(t);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        GenericMethod gm=new GenericMethod();
        gm.printValue(16);
    }
}