Scope描述的是Spring容器是如何新建Bean的实例的。spring
Spring经常使用的Scope有如下几种,经过@Scope注解来实现:session
为了更好的理解,咱们经过具体的代码示例来理解下Singleton与ProtoType的区别。测试
package scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class DemoSingletonService { }
由于Spring默认配置的Scope是Singleton,所以以上代码等价于如下代码:prototype
package scope; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service @Scope("singleton") public class DemoSingletonService { }
package scope; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service @Scope("prototype") public class DemoPrototypeService { }
package scope; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration @ComponentScan("scope") public class ScopeConfig { }
新建一个Main类,在main()方法中,分别从Spring容器中获取2次Bean,而后判断Bean的实例是否相等:3d
package scope; import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ScopeConfig.class); DemoSingletonService s1 = context.getBean(DemoSingletonService.class); DemoSingletonService s2 = context.getBean(DemoSingletonService.class); DemoPrototypeService p1 = context.getBean(DemoPrototypeService.class); DemoPrototypeService p2 = context.getBean(DemoPrototypeService.class); System.out.println("s1 与 s2 是否相等:" + s1.equals(s2)); System.out.println("p1 与 p2 是否相等:" + p1.equals(p2)); context.close(); } }
运行结果以下:code
从运行结果也能够看出,默认状况下即Singleton类型的Bean,无论调用多少次,只会建立一个实例。
Singleton类型的Bean,@Scope注解的值必须是:singleton。
ProtoType类型的Bean,@Scope注解的值必须是:prototype。
即便是大小写不一致也不行,如咱们将DemoPrototypeService类的代码修改成:
package scope; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service @Scope("PROTOTYPE") public class DemoPrototypeService { }
此时运行代码,就会报错:
源码地址:https://github.com/zwwhnly/spring-action.git,欢迎下载。
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