使用KeepAlived实现主备服务

使用KeepAlived实现主备服务

使用两台机器 + 一个虚拟IP

两台机器上分别启动着本身的HTTP服务，端口8999。

安装KeepAlived

在两台机器上安装keepalived

yum install keepalived -y

配置keepAlived

在master那台，配置文件位于/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

写入内容

global_defs {
   router_id ljktest 
}

vrrp_script chk_http_port {
        script "</dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/8999"
        interval 1
        weight 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens32
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.0.131
    }
    track_script {
        chk_http_port  
    }
}

在Backup那台写入

global_defs {
   router_id ljktest 
}

vrrp_script chk_http_port {
        script "</dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/8999"
        interval 1
        weight 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens32
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 99
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.0.131
    }
    track_script {
        chk_http_port  
    }
}

两台的配置，只有priority的值不同。且要配置成MASTER的那台必须大于BACKUP那台。

启动keepAlived

systemctl start keepalived

在Master那台可以看到，网卡上面多了一条这样的信息。证实生效了。访问服务192.168.0.131:8999下的服务，会定向到Master那台上面。

inet 192.168.0.131/32 scope global ens32
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

测试

关闭KeepAlived，主备切换

关闭Master这台的keepalived，发现BACKUP这台变成主。

重启Master这台的keepalived，发现Master这台又会成为主。

关闭应用程序，主备切换

目前这样的配置，关闭应用程序没法进行主备切换。

不明白为何</dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/8999 不会生效。

本身写个脚原本检测试试

xypt_logs_check.sh

#!/bin/bash
count=`ps -ef|grep xypt_logs_producer|grep -v grep|wc -l`
if [ $count -gt 0 ];then
    exit 0
else
    exit 1
fi

脚本做用就是用来查看下这个应用进程是否存在，不存在异常退出，存在则正常退出。

配置脚本部分修改为

vrrp_script chk_http_port {
        script "/etc/keepalived/xypt_logs_check.sh"
        interval 2
        weight 2
        fall 3
        rise 2
}

接下来咱们关闭Master这台上的应用，VIP地址会漂移到Backup那台。再启动回来，VIP地址又会再漂移到Master这台。

查看Master这台/var/log/messages日志，能够看到它的迁移过程。

Aug  7 12:57:17 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: /etc/keepalived/xypt_logs_check.sh exited with status 1
Aug  7 12:57:19 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: /etc/keepalived/xypt_logs_check.sh exited with status 1
Aug  7 12:57:21 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: /etc/keepalived/xypt_logs_check.sh exited with status 1
Aug  7 12:57:21 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Script(chk_http_port) failed
Aug  7 12:57:22 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Changing effective priority from 102 to 100
Aug  7 12:57:23 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received advert with higher priority 101, ours 100
Aug  7 12:57:23 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Aug  7 12:57:23 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.


Aug  7 12:57:49 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: /etc/keepalived/xypt_logs_check.sh exited with status 1
Aug  7 12:57:51 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: /etc/keepalived/xypt_logs_check.sh exited with status 1
Aug  7 12:57:55 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Script(chk_http_port) succeeded
Aug  7 12:57:56 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Changing effective priority from 100 to 102
Aug  7 12:57:57 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) forcing a new MASTER election
Aug  7 12:57:58 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Aug  7 12:57:59 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Aug  7 12:57:59 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Aug  7 12:57:59 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens32 for 192.168.0.131
Aug  7 12:57:59 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens32 for 192.168.0.131
Aug  7 12:57:59 nn1 Keepalived_vrrp[4088]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens32 for 192.168.0.131

总结

1. keepalived的主备状态与state值设置无关；
2. 主备机由priority值和vrrp_script中的weight值之和决定，大的为主；
3. 主备比较权值=priority值+weight值*标志位，当vrrp_script检测脚本为true时标志位为1，反之为0；
4. 为保证正常的主备切换，weight值应大于主备priority值之差。

附录

• KeepAlived实现主备以及原理
• 监听端口并实现热备
• keepalive + nginx场景测试