Android开发中,Binder是一种跨进程通讯方式,而使用AIDL能够实现Binder的工做。java
如何使用它是了解它的第一步,本文章主要记录使用Binder的一些步骤。(代码思路参考《Android开发艺术探索》任玉刚 著)android
两个activity(OneActivity、TwoActivity),将OneActivity假设为服务端,TwoActivity假设为客户端,分别运行在不一样进程中app
在AndroidManifest.xml中,为TwoActivity设置进程,这样两个activity就分别运行在不一样的进程中了ide
<activity android:name=".TwoActivity" android:process=":test"/>
在AIDL文件中声明客户端想要调用服务端的方法gradle
interface IInfManager { /** * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters * and return values in AIDL. */ void setName(String name); String getName(); }
AIDL文件声明完,activity等文件并不能调用到IInfManager接口,须要在app的build.gradle文件中的android{}中添加ui
sourceSets{ main{ java.srcDirs = ['src/main/java', 'src/main/aidl'] } }
而后点击sync now按钮,activity文件就能够调用到IInfManager接口了,能够在app\build\generated\source\aidl\debug文件下找到自动生成的IInfManager.java文件。this
Service中建立Binder对象,在onBind方法中返回这个对象,Binder对象中具体实现了IInfManager接口中的方法。Service须要在AndroidManifest.xml中注册。debug
public class InfManageService extends Service{ private String name; @Override public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) { name = intent.getStringExtra("name"); return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId); } @Nullable @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return binder; } private Binder binder = new IInfManager.Stub() { @Override public void setName(String mName) throws RemoteException { name = mName; } @Override public String getName() throws RemoteException { return name; } }; }
OneActivity中设置按钮跳转至TwoActivity,这里为了简单,使用startService能够为InfManageService中name变量初始化"zhangsan"的值。也能够与客户端TwoActivity中同样,绑定service,创建链接,来设置name的值(具体参考下一步客户端的用法)。3d
@Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_one); Intent intent = new Intent(OneActivity.this, InfManageService.class); intent.putExtra("name", "zhangsan"); startService(intent); btn_one_gototwo = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_one_gototwo); btn_one_gototwo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent intent = new Intent(OneActivity.this, TwoActivity.class); startActivity(intent); } }); }
首先绑定InfManageService服务,创建链接,链接成功后经过返回的IBinder对象能够得到IInfManager接口,能够经过这个接口去使用服务端的方法。code
private TextView tv_two_name; private Button btn_two_change; private IInfManager iInfManager; private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() { @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { iInfManager = IInfManager.Stub.asInterface(service); try { tv_two_name.setText(iInfManager.getName()); Log.i("TwoActivity","first:" + iInfManager.getName()); iInfManager.setName("lisi"); Log.i("TwoActivity","next:" + iInfManager.getName()); }catch (RemoteException e){ } } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { } }; @Override protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_two); tv_two_name = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_two_name); btn_two_change = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_two_change); Intent intent = new Intent(TwoActivity.this, InfManageService.class); bindService(intent, connection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); btn_two_change.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { try { iInfManager.setName("wangmazi"); tv_two_name.setText(iInfManager.getName()); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } @Override protected void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); unbindService(connection); }
上面代码onServiceConnected方法中,首先在TwoActivity界面中显示了服务端的name变量内容"zhangsan"