最近在看陈硕的MUDUO网络通讯库的过程当中,发现做者大量使用了Boost::function以及Boost::bind功能,为了可以正常的学习做者的代码,决定先弄明白function以及bind的功能。ios
Boost::Function 是对函数指针的对象化封装,在概念上与广义上的回调函数相似。相对于函数指针,function除了使用自由函数,还可使用函数对象,甚至是类的成员函数,这个就很强大了哈。windows
#include <boost/function.hpp> #include <boost/bind.hpp> #include <iostream> using namespace std; class TestA { public: void method() { cout<<"TestA: method: no arguments"<<endl; } void method(int a, int b) { cout<<"TestA: method: with arguments" <<"value of a is:"<<a <<"value of b is "<<b <<endl; } }; void sum(int a, int b) { int sum = a + b; cout<<"sum: "<<sum<<endl; } int main() { boost::function<void()> f; TestA test; f = boost::bind(&TestA::method, &test); f(); f = boost::bind(&TestA::method, &test, 1, 2); f(); f = boost::bind(&sum, 1, 2); f(); }
输出结果:
Administrator@8bd5ec9e02074bf ~/source $ ./BoostFunction.exe TestA: method: no arguments TestA: method: with argumentsvalue of a is:1value of b is 2 sum: 3
在实现自定义的线程类时,曾经这么干过:定义虚函数run(),用户自定义的CustomThread::Thread后,本身实现run()函数就OK了。 当时以为这么作也不错。
如今有了boost::function/boost::bind咱们能够这么干:
定义一个线程类:
.h文件网络
#include <pthread.h> #include <string> #include <boost/function.hpp> #include <boost/bind.hpp> using namespace std; class Thread { typedef boost::function<void()> ThreadFun; public: Thread(const ThreadFun& threadFun,const string& threadName = string()); pid_t getThreadId(); string getThreadName(); int start(); private: static void* startThread(void* thread); private: pthread_t m_thread; //线程句柄 pid_t m_tid; //线程ID string m_strThreadName; //线程名称 bool m_bStarted; //线程是否启动 ThreadFun m_func; //线程处理函数 };
.cpp文件函数
#include "thread.h" Thread::Thread(const Thread::ThreadFun& threadFun, const string& threadName): m_func(threadFun), m_strThreadName(threadName) { } int Thread::start() { m_tid = pthread_create(&m_thread, NULL, &startThread, this); return 0; } void* Thread::startThread(void* obj) { Thread* thread = static_cast<Thread*>(obj); thread->m_func(); return NULL; } pid_t Thread::getThreadId() { return m_tid; }; string Thread::getThreadName() { return m_strThreadName; }
测试程序学习
void ThreadProcess() { int count = 100; for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { if (i % 10 == 0) cout<<"\n"; cout<<i<<"\t"; } } int main() { boost::function<void()> f; f = boost::bind(&ThreadProcess); Thread thread(f, "ThreadTest"); thread.start(); sleep(1000*1000); return 0; }
输出结果(Cygwin):
>根据上述程序,咱们能够发现,这样咱们就不须要定义不少不少的类去继承Thread类,而只须要写好线程运行函数,set到Thread类中便可。不过也不能说利用虚函数留接口给用户实现就很差,只不过如今多了一种方法。(陈硕很反对用虚函数做为结构提供给用户去作实现,可是我如今尚未切身的体会以为那里很差)
本身之前在windows下实现的基于虚函数的线程类实现:http://my.oschina.net/myspaceNUAA/blog/41014测试
2. boost::function/bind还有不少其余高级用法,我这边只是用来当作一个函数指针用了哈this