在园子里看到了这篇关于 compose 的文章,很是好!!转过来,先附上原文地址css
http://www.cnblogs.com/52fhy/p/5991344.htmlhtml
-----mysql
一、定义Dockerfile,方便迁移到任何地方;
二、编写docker-compose.yml文件;
三、运行docker-compose up
启动服务nginx
准备工做:提早下载好镜像:web
docker pull mysql docker pull wordpress
须要新建一个空白目录,例如wptest。新建一个docker-compose.ymlredis
version: '2' services: web: image: wordpress:latest links: - db ports: - "8002:80" environment: WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db:3306 WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: 123456 db: image: mysql environment: - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456
以上命令的意思是新建db和wordpress容器。等同于:sql
$ docker run --name db -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql $ docker run --name some-wordpress --link db:mysql -p 8002:80 -d wordpress
注意,若是你是直接从fig迁移过来的,且
web
里links
是- db:mysql
,这里会提示没有给wordpress设置环境变量,这里须要添加环境变量WORDPRESS_DB_HOST
和WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD
。docker
好,咱们启动应用:ubuntu
# docker-compose up Creating wptest_db_1... Creating wptest_wordpress_1... Attaching to wptest_db_1, wptest_wordpress_1 wordpress_1 | Complete! WordPress has been successfully copied to /var/www/html
就成功了。浏览器访问 http://localhost:8002(或 http://host-ip:8002)便可。数组
默认是前台运行并打印日志到控制台。若是想后台运行,能够:
docker-compose up -d
服务后台后,可使用下列命令查看状态:
# docker-compose ps Name Command State Ports ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- figtest_db_1 docker-entrypoint.sh mysqld Up 3306/tcp figtest_wordpress_1 docker-entrypoint.sh apach ... Up 0.0.0.0:8002->80/tcp # docker-compose logs Attaching to wptest_wordpress_1, wptest_db_1 db_1 | 2016-10-4T14:38:46.98030Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). db_1 | 2016-10-4T14:38:46.99974Z 0 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.7.15) starting as process 1 ... db_1 | 2016-10-4T14:38:46.27191Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: PUNCH HOLE support available
中止服务:
# docker-compose stop Stopping wptest_wordpress_1... Stopping wptest_db_1...
从新启动服务:
docker-compose restart
每一个docker-compose.yml必须定义image
或者build
中的一个,其它的是可选的。
指定镜像tag或者ID。示例:
image: redis image: ubuntu:14.04 image: tutum/influxdb image: example-registry.com:4000/postgresql image: a4bc65fd
注意,在
version 1
里同时使用image
和build
是不容许的,version 2
则能够,若是同时指定了二者,会将build
出来的镜像打上名为image
标签。
用来指定一个包含Dockerfile
文件的路径。通常是当前目录.
。Fig将build并生成一个随机命名的镜像。
注意,在
version 1
里bulid
仅支持值为字符串。version 2
里支持对象格式。
build: ./dir build: context: ./dir dockerfile: Dockerfile-alternate args: buildno: 1
context
为路径,dockerfile
为须要替换默认docker-compose
的文件名,args
为构建(build)过程当中的环境变量,用于替换Dockerfile里定义的ARG
参数,容器中不可用。示例:
Dockerfile:
ARG buildno ARG password RUN echo "Build number: $buildno" RUN script-requiring-password.sh "$password"
docker-compose.yml:
build: context: . args: buildno: 1 password: secret build: context: . args: - buildno=1 - password=secret
用来覆盖缺省命令。示例:
command: bundle exec thin -p 3000
command
也支持数组形式:
command: [bundle, exec, thin, -p, 3000]
用于连接另外一容器服务,如须要使用到另外一容器的mysql服务。能够给出服务名和别名;也能够仅给出服务名,这样别名将和服务名相同。同docker run --link
。示例:
links: - db - db:mysql - redis
使用了别名将自动会在容器的/etc/hosts
文件里建立相应记录:
172.17.2.186 db 172.17.2.186 mysql 172.17.2.187 redis
因此咱们在容器里就能够直接使用别名做为服务的主机名。
用于暴露端口。同docker run -p
。示例:
ports: - "3000" - "8000:8000" - "49100:22" - "127.0.0.1:8001:8001"
expose提供container之间的端口访问,不会暴露给主机使用。同docker run --expose
。
expose: - "3000" - "8000"
挂载数据卷。同docker run -v
。示例:
volumes: - /var/lib/mysql - cache/:/tmp/cache - ~/configs:/etc/configs/:ro
挂载数据卷容器,挂载是容器。同docker run --volumes-from
。示例:
volumes_from: - service_name - service_name:ro - container:container_name - container:container_name:rw
container:container_name
格式仅支持version 2
。
添加环境变量。同docker run -e
。能够是数组或者字典格式:
environment: RACK_ENV: development SESSION_SECRET: environment: - RACK_ENV=development - SESSION_SECRET
用于指定服务依赖,通常是mysql、redis等。
指定了依赖,将会优先于服务建立并启动依赖。
links
也能够指定依赖。
连接搭配docker-compose.yml
文件或者Compose
以外定义的服务,一般是提供共享或公共服务。格式与links
类似:
external_links: - redis_1 - project_db_1:mysql - project_db_1:postgresql
注意,
external_links
连接的服务与当前服务必须是同一个网络环境。
添加主机名映射。
extra_hosts: - "somehost:162.242.195.82" - "otherhost:50.31.209.229"
将会在/etc/hosts
建立记录:
162.242.195.82 somehost 50.31.209.229 otherhost
继承自当前yml文件或者其它文件中定义的服务,能够选择性的覆盖原有配置。
extends: file: common.yml service: webapp
service
必须有,file
可选。service
是须要继承的服务,例如web
、database
。
设置网络模式。同docker的--net
参数。
net: "bridge" net: "none" net: "container:[name or id]" net: "host"
自定义dns服务器。
dns: 8.8.8.8 dns: - 8.8.8.8 - 9.9.9.9
这些命令都是单个值,含义请参考docker run。
cpu_shares: 73 cpu_quota: 50000 cpuset: 0,1 user: postgresql working_dir: /code domainname: foo.com hostname: foo ipc: host mac_address: 02:42:ac:11:65:43 mem_limit: 1000000000 mem_limit: 128M memswap_limit: 2000000000 privileged: true restart: always read_only: true shm_size: 64M stdin_open: true tty: true
$ docker-compose Define and run multi-container applications with Docker. Usage: docker-compose [-f <arg>...] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS...] docker-compose -h|--help Options: -f, --file FILE Specify an alternate compose file (default: docker-compose.yml) -p, --project-name NAME Specify an alternate project name (default: directory name) --verbose Show more output -v, --version Print version and exit -H, --host HOST Daemon socket to connect to --tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify --tlscacert CA_PATH Trust certs signed only by this CA --tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH Path to TLS certificate file --tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH Path to TLS key file --tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote --skip-hostname-check Don't check the daemon's hostname against the name specified in the client certificate (for example if your docker host is an IP address) Commands: build Build or rebuild services bundle Generate a Docker bundle from the Compose file config Validate and view the compose file create Create services down Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumes events Receive real time events from containers exec Execute a command in a running container help Get help on a command kill Kill containers logs View output from containers pause Pause services port Print the public port for a port binding ps List containers pull Pulls service images push Push service images restart Restart services rm Remove stopped containers run Run a one-off command scale Set number of containers for a service start Start services stop Stop services unpause Unpause services up Create and start containers version Show the Docker-Compose version information
# 关闭全部正在运行容器 docker ps | awk '{print $1}' | xargs docker stop # 删除全部容器应用 docker ps -a | awk '{print $1}' | xargs docker rm # 或者 docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)