application 在之前是很是重要的一个地方,刚开始开发时咱们会在 application 中存储数据,提供全局公共方法,application 虽然很方便,可是渐渐的咱们仍是放弃了在 application 里面作其余的工做,如今 application 主要的应用场景是:java
可是我在使用 application 时仍是遇到了一些问题很差处理:android
我想你们都曾为了上面的问题烦恼过吧,也许你已经解决了,也许你只是临时解决了,也许你还没解决。一样这也困扰过我,之前我只是临时解决,代码耦合难看,还没发适应愈来愈高的复用要求,一处该,到处动,这样的代码不是我想要的,早就该扫到垃圾箱里去了,因而诞生了今天的文章git
我对 application 是这样安排的:github
话说官方的 Lifecycle 刚出来时我是很是兴奋的,我想这下 app 的生命周期该好用了吧,兴奋的我一看官方压根就没动 application,只是把 Activity 的声明周期函数响应式化了,我是很失望的,也许 google 考虑兼容性吧面试
application 的核心就是这个了,一切的基础都是他在身上作的性能优化
public class Application extends ContextWrapper implements ComponentCallbacks2 { private ArrayList<ActivityLifecycleCallbacks> mActivityLifecycleCallbacks = new ArrayList<ActivityLifecycleCallbacks>(); public interface ActivityLifecycleCallbacks { void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState); void onActivityStarted(Activity activity); void onActivityResumed(Activity activity); void onActivityPaused(Activity activity); void onActivityStopped(Activity activity); void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState); void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity); } }
咱们平时使用 ActivityLifecycleCallbacks 基本都是这个样子的架构
this.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(object : ActivityLifecycleCallbacks { override fun onActivityCreated(activity: Activity?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { Log.d("AA", "onActivityCreated") } override fun onActivityResumed(activity: Activity?) { Log.d("AA", "onActivityResumed") } override fun onActivityStarted(activity: Activity?) { Log.d("AA", "onActivityStarted") } override fun onActivityPaused(activity: Activity?) { Log.d("AA", "AA") } override fun onActivityDestroyed(activity: Activity?) { Log.d("AA", "onActivityDestroyed") } override fun onActivitySaveInstanceState(activity: Activity?, outState: Bundle?) { Log.d("AA", "onActivitySaveInstanceState") } override fun onActivityStopped(activity: Activity?) { Log.d("AA", "onActivityStopped") } })
跟进源码看看app
public void registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(ActivityLifecycleCallbacks callback) { synchronized (mActivityLifecycleCallbacks) { mActivityLifecycleCallbacks.add(callback); } }
注意看是 add 方法,这说明啥,这说明 ActivityLifecycleCallbacks 咱们能够添加多个,Activity 会在相应的生命周期函数中发射相关消息ide
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { getApplication().dispatchActivityCreated(this, savedInstanceState); } void dispatchActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) { Object[] callbacks = collectActivityLifecycleCallbacks(); if (callbacks != null) { for (int i=0; i<callbacks.length; i++) { ((ActivityLifecycleCallbacks)callbacks[i]).onActivityCreated(activity, savedInstanceState); } } }
咱们添加 2个 ActivityLifecycleCallbacks 进去函数
事实证实,的确能够添加多个回调,而且没有问题,这也是咱们本身封装 application 组件的基石
我就不画 UML 类图,由于很简单
考虑到我要在 application 组件里添加不少功能进来,那么良好合理的分层
就必不可少了,即使是该功能很是简单,直接在 ApplicationManage 里实现更方便,可是基于单一职责原则
必须分工明确,如今费点劲,之后省大事
我设计了如下几个角色:
Lifecycle 和 StateManage 都是私有的,不是应该外部可见的。外部只须要注册生命周期的 observer,不须要知道我怎么实现的。一样 外部不须要知道咱们怎么管理的 app 当前状态,只须要知道如今 app 是个什么样子。这部分我经过 ApplicationManage 对外提供相应方法
另外我在写消息类型和 app 状态类型时,我考虑了下相应的 type 放在哪里合适,是相应 manage 的内部类,仍是专门一个类。内部类方便外界使用,专门的类方便查看代码结构,这就得看实际场景了,Lifecycle 这块我是用的内部类作的,这样逻辑顺延好些代码,exit 这块基本都是对内的,不暴露出来,因此专门维护了一个类
class MyApplication : Application() { override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() ScreenAutoManager.instance.init(this, 1080.0f, ScreenAutoManager.BASE_LINE_WIDTH) ApplicationManage.init(this) ApplicationManage.instance.addObserver { lifecycleMessage -> when (lifecycleMessage.type) { ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_CREATE -> { if (lifecycleMessage.activity != null) ScreenAutoManager.instance.onActivityCreated(lifecycleMessage.activity) Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_CREATE") } ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_START -> { if (lifecycleMessage.activity != null) ScreenAutoManager.instance.onActivityStarted(lifecycleMessage.activity) Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_START") } ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_RESUME -> { if (lifecycleMessage.activity != null) ScreenAutoManager.instance.onActivityResumed(lifecycleMessage.activity) Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_RESUME") } ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_PAUSE -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_PAUSE") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_STOP -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_STOP") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_SAVEINSTANCESTATE -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_SAVEINSTANCESTATE") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_DESTROYED -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_DESTROYED") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_START -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_APP_START") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_EXIT -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_APP_EXIT") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_FORNT -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_APP_FORNT") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_BACKGROUD -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_APP_BACKGROUD") } } }
我我的是很喜欢 Lifecycle 的,官方人家但是用的 apt 作的,我注解这块写很差,借助的是 Livedata,在 registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks 时发射相应的消息出来
class LifecycleManage { var lifecycleLivaData: MyLiveData<LifecycleMessage> = MyLiveData() /** * 初始化方法 */ fun init(application: Application) { registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(application) } /** * 注册 application 生命周期回调函数,在对应的函数回调中发射对应的消息 */ private fun registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(application: Application) { if (application == null) return application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(object : Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks { override fun onActivityCreated(activity: Activity?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_CREATE, activity = activity, savedInstanceState = savedInstanceState)) } override fun onActivityStarted(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_START, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivityResumed(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_RESUME, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivityPaused(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_PAUSE, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivityStopped(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_STOP, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivityDestroyed(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_DESTROYED, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivitySaveInstanceState(activity: Activity?, outState: Bundle?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_SAVEINSTANCESTATE, activity = activity, savedInstanceState = outState)) } }) } }
而后你们经过 ApplicationManage 实现注册 observer
fun addObserver(tag: String? = null, lifecycle: Lifecycle? = null, observer: (lifecycleMessage: LifecycleMessage) -> Unit) { lifecycleManage.lifecycleLivaData.addObserver(tag, lifecycle, observer) }
而后是使用
ApplicationManage.instance.addObserver { lifecycleMessage -> when (lifecycleMessage.type) { ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_CREATE -> { if (lifecycleMessage.activity != null) ScreenAutoManager.instance.onActivityCreated(lifecycleMessage.activity) Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_CREATE") } ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_START -> { if (lifecycleMessage.activity != null) ScreenAutoManager.instance.onActivityStarted(lifecycleMessage.activity) Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_START") } ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_RESUME -> { if (lifecycleMessage.activity != null) ScreenAutoManager.instance.onActivityResumed(lifecycleMessage.activity) Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_RESUME") } ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_PAUSE -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_PAUSE") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_STOP -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_STOP") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_SAVEINSTANCESTATE -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_SAVEINSTANCESTATE") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_DESTROYED -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_DESTROYED") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_START -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_APP_START") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_EXIT -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_APP_EXIT") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_FORNT -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_APP_FORNT") ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_BACKGROUD -> Log.d("AA", "MESSAGE_APP_BACKGROUD") } }
能够看到这里 app 的启动,退出,先后台切换我也都发送相关的消息了
实现不难,思路就使用 livedata 在合适的位置转发一下数据,官方的 Lifecycle 也是这个思路作的
我想你们都关心这个,相信你们也都有本身的实现,基本思路都是在 registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks 里更新计数器判断 app 状态,这里我也是同样的,只不过多了一步罢了
我标识了 app 的3种状态: app state 默认是 no - app没启动
val STATE_APP_NO: Int = 31 val STATE_APP_FORNT: Int = 32 val STATE_APP_BACKGROUD: Int = 33
判断逻辑以下:
注意:onActivityStarted 这个函数即表示 onStart,也表示 onRestart ,因此在计数时要更外当心,由于 start 的缘由 oncreate 不适合计数器++了,要不会和 start 重复
这样咱们也能够返回 app 当前的状态了,不用再用 AM 来判断了,AM 不少人反应部分手机无效,其实返回 app 状态的这个小功能很是实用的,在推送时咱们要判断 app 是否是启来了,由于由不一样的操做
我这里思路很简单,就是主界面下面垫一个透明无界面的 Activity,咱们想退出 app 时启动这个 Activity,在 onNewIntent 里面 finish 页面就好了,不过这个功能有侵入行:
// 退出 app ApplicationManage.instance.exitmanage.exitApp() // 代理方法启动主界面 ApplicationManage.instance.exitmanage.startActivityProxy(this, Intent(this@SplaseActivity, MainActivity::class.java)) // 屏蔽主界面返回按键默认操做 override fun onBackPressed() { // super.onBackPressed() }
我知道你们都懒得看 demo,这代码长也得贴出来
/** * 做者 : BloodCrown * 时间 : 2019-05-08 21:33 * 描述 : * application 封装类,在方便提供 application 上下文对象的同时, * 也提供了一些功能 * * 功能 : * 1. Application 上下文代理,任何模块都没必要关心 application 具体的实现类型 * 有 ApplicationManage 在时刻都能获取全局上下文对象 * * 2. 提供优雅退出 app 的功能,经过在主页面下面添加一个透明的 activity + singleTask 实现优雅退出 * * 3. Application 的生命周期实现响应式,像 EventBus,RxBus 那样响应消息就行,另外我还添加了 * app 启动,退出,切入后台,切回前台的相应进来 * * 4. 在实现功能3时,实现了 app 当前状态的保存,极大的方便了咱们在注入推送时判断 app 是否启动等操做 * * 最后说一点,我没有使用 ActivityManage 来判断 app 状态,由于 ActivityManage 存在适配问题, * 总有那么一小撮手机就是不配合,臣妾也是没办法呀~ * */ class ApplicationManage { companion object Help { // 饿汉式单例,加上同步限制,这样能够避免 application 操做类单例为null 的状况 val instance: ApplicationManage by lazy(LazyThreadSafetyMode.SYNCHRONIZED) { return@lazy ApplicationManage() } // 标准初始化方法, fun init(application: Application) { instance.init(application) } } // 全局上下文对象 var application: Application? = null // 退出 app 工具类 var exitmanage: ExitManage = ExitManage() // app 全局生命周期管理类,使用 livedata 实现,考虑其如果外部可见,就能使用他乱发射数据,数据私有 private var lifecycleManage: LifecycleManage = LifecycleManage() // app 状态管理类,也是私有,这个实现绝对是不对外的,你们关心结果就行了,由 ApplicationManage 衔接 private var stateManage: StateManage = StateManage() /** * 初始化方法私有,由静态方法衔接 */ private fun init(application: Application) { this.application = application lifecycleManage.init(application) stateManage.initStateManage(lifecycleManage) } /** * 添加监听 */ fun addObserver(tag: String? = null, lifecycle: Lifecycle? = null, observer: (lifecycleMessage: LifecycleMessage) -> Unit) { lifecycleManage.lifecycleLivaData.addObserver(tag, lifecycle, observer) } /** * 解绑 */ fun removeobserver(tag: String) { lifecycleManage.lifecycleLivaData.removeOberver(tag) } /** * 获取当前 app 状态 */ fun getCurrentState(): Int { return stateManage.STAET_CURRENT } /** * 消息类型 */ class MessageType { companion object { // 对应 activity 的生命周期 @JvmField val MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_CREATE: Int = 11 @JvmField val MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_RESUME: Int = 12 @JvmField val MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_START: Int = 13 @JvmField val MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_PAUSE: Int = 14 @JvmField val MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_STOP: Int = 15 @JvmField val MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_DESTROYED: Int = 16 @JvmField val MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_SAVEINSTANCESTATE: Int = 17 // app 启动,退出,切换到前台,切换到后台 @JvmField val MESSAGE_APP_START: Int = 21 @JvmField val MESSAGE_APP_EXIT: Int = 25 @JvmField val MESSAGE_APP_FORNT: Int = 22 @JvmField val MESSAGE_APP_BACKGROUD: Int = 23 } } }
/** * 做者 : BloodCrown * 时间 : 2019-05-08 21:38 * 描述 : */ class LifecycleManage { var lifecycleLivaData: MyLiveData<LifecycleMessage> = MyLiveData() /** * 初始化方法 */ fun init(application: Application) { registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(application) } /** * 注册 application 生命周期回调函数,在对应的函数回调中发射对应的消息 */ private fun registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(application: Application) { if (application == null) return application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(object : Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks { override fun onActivityCreated(activity: Activity?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_CREATE, activity = activity, savedInstanceState = savedInstanceState)) } override fun onActivityStarted(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_START, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivityResumed(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_RESUME, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivityPaused(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_PAUSE, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivityStopped(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_STOP, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivityDestroyed(activity: Activity?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_DESTROYED, activity = activity)) } override fun onActivitySaveInstanceState(activity: Activity?, outState: Bundle?) { lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(type = ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_SAVEINSTANCESTATE, activity = activity, savedInstanceState = outState)) } }) } }
class LifecycleMessage(var type: Int, var activity: Activity? = null, var savedInstanceState: Bundle? = null) { }
/** * 做者 : BloodCrown * 时间 : 2019-05-09 21:32 * 描述 : */ class StateManage { companion object stateType { // 没启动,前台,后台 @JvmField val STATE_APP_NO: Int = 31 @JvmField val STATE_APP_FORNT: Int = 32 @JvmField val STATE_APP_BACKGROUD: Int = 33 } var STAET_CURRENT: Int = STATE_APP_NO var aliveActivitys: Int = 0 fun initStateManage(lifecycleManage: LifecycleManage) { if (lifecycleManage == null) return addObserver(lifecycleManage) } /** * 添加管理器 */ private fun addObserver(lifecycleManage: LifecycleManage) { if (lifecycleManage == null) return lifecycleManage.lifecycleLivaData.addObserver { when (it.type) { ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_CREATE -> { // 标记是没启动,那么触发 create 必定是app 启动 if (STAET_CURRENT == STATE_APP_NO) { STAET_CURRENT = STATE_APP_FORNT lifecycleManage.lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_START)) } } ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_START -> { // 活动 ac 数量为0,而且当前标记是 app 在后台,那么此时触发 start,那么就是切会到前台来了 if (aliveActivitys == 0 && STAET_CURRENT == STATE_APP_BACKGROUD) { STAET_CURRENT = STATE_APP_FORNT lifecycleManage.lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_FORNT)) } aliveActivitys++ } ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_STOP -> { aliveActivitys-- if (aliveActivitys == 0 && STAET_CURRENT == STATE_APP_FORNT) { STAET_CURRENT = STATE_APP_BACKGROUD lifecycleManage.lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_BACKGROUD)) } } ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_ACTIVITY_DESTROYED -> { if (aliveActivitys == 0) { STAET_CURRENT = STATE_APP_NO lifecycleManage.lifecycleLivaData.sendValue(LifecycleMessage(ApplicationManage.MessageType.MESSAGE_APP_EXIT)) } } } } } }
class ExitActivity : AppCompatActivity() { override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.activity_exit) } override fun onNewIntent(intent: Intent?) { super.onNewIntent(intent) if (intent == null) return val action: Int = intent.getIntExtra(ExitMessage.MESSAGE_ACTION, ExitMessage.ACTION_EXIT) when (action) { ExitMessage.ACTION_EXIT -> this@ExitActivity.finish() else -> this@ExitActivity.finish() } } }
class ExitManage { fun exitApp(): Boolean { if (ApplicationManage.instance.application == null) return false var intent = Intent(ApplicationManage.instance.application, ExitActivity::class.java) intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK) ApplicationManage.instance.application?.startActivity(intent) return true } fun exitAppBySystem() { System.exit(0) } fun startActivityProxy(activity: Activity, intentYou: Intent) { if (activity == null) return var intentExit = Intent(activity, ExitActivity::class.java) intentExit.putExtra(ExitMessage.MESSAGE_ACTION, ExitMessage.ACTION_EXIT) activity.startActivity(intentExit) activity.startActivity(intentYou) } }
object ExitMessage { val MESSAGE_ACTION: String = "message_action" val ACTION_EXIT: Int = 101 }
能看到这里的都是至关给面子的了~
锁屏,解锁时我即使按照下面的设置设了
android:screenOrientation="portrait" android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize|keyboardHidden"
可是蛋疼的有的手机就是不给面子,仍是会走1-2遍 activity 销毁,重建的过程,太蛋疼了,手头的 meizu 16h就这样,好在这样的手机只是少部分,可是带给咱们的影响就是先后台切换的消息会走好几回,这我也没办法,昨天下午一下午的时间就是在找资料搞订这个,一下午的时间过去了也不行,算了就这样吧,你们记得android 这啃爹玩意完事不是 100% 有些误差就得了,我监听锁屏,解锁广播,发现最后才收到广播,声明周期函数早就执行完了,广播才来还有个P用啊
唉,一下午的时间身心俱疲啊~
以为有帮助的话你们点点喜欢支持一下