【mac上安装&配置&使用git】

转自：https://www.jianshu.com/p/7edb6b838a2ehtml

1、安装Git

MAC 上安装Git主要有两种方式git

首先查看电脑是否安装Git，终端输入：github

git

安装过则会输出：shell

WMBdeMacBook-Pro:~ WENBO$ git usage: git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c name=value] [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path] [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare] [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>] <command> [<args>] These are common Git commands used in various situations: start a working area (see also: git help tutorial) clone Clone a repository into a new directory init Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one work on the current change (see also: git help everyday) add Add file contents to the index mv Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink reset Reset current HEAD to the specified state rm Remove files from the working tree and from the index examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions) bisect Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug grep Print lines matching a pattern log Show commit logs show Show various types of objects status Show the working tree status grow, mark and tweak your common history branch List, create, or delete branches checkout Switch branches or restore working tree files commit Record changes to the repository diff Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc merge Join two or more development histories together rebase Reapply commits on top of another base tip tag Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG collaborate (see also: git help workflows) fetch Download objects and refs from another repository pull Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch push Update remote refs along with associated objects 'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>' to read about a specific subcommand or concept.

一、经过homebrew安装Git

一、未安装homebrew，需安装homebrew

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

二、安装git

brew install git

二、经过Xcode安装

直接从AppStore安装Xcode，Xcode集成了Git，不过默认没有安装，你须要运行Xcode，选择菜单“Xcode”->“Preferences”，在弹出窗口中找到“Downloads”，选择“Command Line Tools”，点“Install”就能够完成安装了。json

2、建立ssh key、配置git

一、设置username和email（github每次commit都会记录他们）

git config --global user.name "wenbo" git config --global user.email "1050794513@qq.com"

二、经过终端命令建立ssh key

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "1050794513@qq.com"

1050794513@qq.com是个人邮件名，回车会有如下输出xcode

Last login: Sat Jan  6 14:12:16 on ttys000 WMBdeMacBook-Pro:~ WENBO$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "1050794513@qq.com" Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/WENBO/.ssh/id_rsa): /Users/WENBO/.ssh/id_rsa already exists. Overwrite (y/n)? n WMBdeMacBook-Pro:~ WENBO$

因为这里我原来已经建立过，这里我选n，没有建立过的，会要求确认路径和输入密码，咱们这使用默认的一路回车就行。成功的话会在~/下生成.ssh文件夹，进去，打开id_rsa.pub，复制里面的key。
终端查看.ssh/id_rsa.pub文件ruby

open .ssh/id_rsa.pub

回车后，就会新弹出一个终端，而后复制里面的key。
或者用cat命令查看app

cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub

三、登陆GitHub（默认你已经注册了GitHub帐号），添加ssh key，点击Settings，如图

点击New SSH key，如图ssh

添加key，如图curl

四、连接验证

ssh -T git@github.com

终端输出结果

Last login: Sat Jan  6 14:42:55 on ttys000 WMBdeMacBook-Pro:~ WENBO$ ssh -T git@github.com Hi wenmobo! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.
WMBdeMacBook-Pro:~ WENBO$

说明已经连接成功。

3、提交本地项目到GitHub

一、在GitHub上新建立一个 repository或者Start a Project，如图：

二、填写项目信息，以下图所示：

点击Create repository,就创好一个工程了。

三、Clone工程到本地，首先复制ssh 地址

打开终端，这里只是测试，我想把工程克隆在桌面，首先在终端中切换路径到桌面，输入如下命令：

cd /Users/WENBO/Desktop/

而后克隆项目,终端输入

git clone git@github.com:wenmobo/LearnGit.git

git@github.com:wenmobo/LearnGit.git是刚刚复制的ssh路径。
终端完整输出以下：

Last login: Sat Jan  6 15:17:17 on ttys000 WMBdeMacBook-Pro:~ WENBO$ cd /Users/WENBO/Desktop/ WMBdeMacBook-Pro:Desktop WENBO$ git clone git@github.com:wenmobo/LearnGit.git Cloning into 'LearnGit'... remote: Counting objects: 5, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done. remote: Total 5 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0 Receiving objects: 100% (5/5), 5.2

四、在Xcode中新建立一个工程，保存的路径为刚刚克隆下来的LearnGit文件夹下，以下图所示：

五、提交修改，首先切换到LearnGit文件路径：

cd /Users/WENBO/Desktop/LearnGit

而后输入：

//文件添加到仓库（.表明提交全部文件）
git add . //把文件提交到仓库
git commit -m "First Commit"
//上传到github
git push

终端完整输出以下：

Last login: Sat Jan  6 15:49:54 on ttys000 WMBdeMacBook-Pro:~ WENBO$ cd /Users/WENBO/Desktop/LearnGit WMBdeMacBook-Pro:LearnGit WENBO$ git add . WMBdeMacBook-Pro:LearnGit WENBO$ git commit -m "First Commit" [master ae3bbe9] First Commit 11 files changed, 649 insertions(+) create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo.xcodeproj/project.xcworkspace/contents.xcworkspacedata create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo/AppDelegate.h create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo/AppDelegate.m create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo/Assets.xcassets/AppIcon.appiconset/Contents.json create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo/Base.lproj/LaunchScreen.storyboard create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo/Base.lproj/Main.storyboard create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo/Info.plist create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo/ViewController.h create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo/ViewController.m create mode 100644 LearnGitDemo/LearnGitDemo/main.m WMBdeMacBook-Pro:LearnGit WENBO$ git push Warning: Permanently added the RSA host key for IP address '192.30.255.112' to the list of known hosts. Counting objects: 20, done. Delta compression using up to 4 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (18/18), done. Writing objects: 100% (20/20), 6.80 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 20 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0) remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (2/2), done. To github.com:wenmobo/LearnGit.git 1000218..ae3bbe9  master -> master WMBdeMacBook-Pro:LearnGit WENBO$