Jenkins前端项目持续部署

时间 2019-11-10

原文原文链接

先后端分离的开发模式下，每每前端只需将一个包含js，html，css以及其余静态资源的dist目录发给后端。css

最直观的就是vue-cli，create-react-app，自定义脚手架中的npm run build命令，本质上，是webpack，gulp等打包工具去作了编译打包等等工做，最终会生成一个dist目录，它是咱们惟一须要提供给后端的内容，html

若是代码无bug且只发一次版本（有这么皮的项目吗？），上面这样的方式彻底ok。可是若是须要频繁更新版本，那么就须要频繁 打包发包接包部署，这对于先后端来讲，都是一个很低效的事情。前端

所以咱们须要将低效的手动式部署，升级为更加先进的工程化的持续部署。vue

Jenkins就很好的能够作这样的事情，并且公司项目正在正常使用。java

下面我将在Github新建一个repo，而且使用vue-cli初始化一个前端项目，最后结合Jenkins作一次前端CD。node

local：vue项目 Jenkins服务器
remote：github reporeact

新建repo

项目地址：https://github.com/FrankKai/f...linux

初始化项目

vue create demowebpack

下载并安装Jenkins[](https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeli...

Download Jenkins.
Open up a terminal in the download directory.
Run java -jar jenkins.war --httpPort=8080.
Browse to http://localhost:8080.
Follow the instructions to complete the installation.

CD配置

项目(Job)名称：foo-productionnginx

源码管理
Git

Repositories
- Repository URL https://github.com/FrankKai/frontend-jenkins-cd.git
- Credentials frank/*******
Branches to build
- Branch Specifier */master
Additional Behaviours
- Fetch tags
- Shallow clone
- Shallow clone depth 0

构建触发器

触发远程构建 (例如，使用脚本)

身份验证令牌

构建环境
Delete workspace before build starts
Abort the build if it’s stuck

Time-out strategy Absolute
Timeout minutes 5
Provide Node & nom bin/folder to PATH
- NodeJS installation node_8.11.3
- Npmrc file taboo registry

构建
Execute shell

Command

echo $PATH
node —version
npm install -g yarn —registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
yarn —version

yarn install

yarn lint
yarn build

Send files or execute commands over SSH
SSH Publishers

SSH Server
- Name nginx-crm
- Transfers
  - Transfer Set
    - Source files dist/**/*
    - Remove prefix dist

构建后操做
Notify Failure
Notify Success

问题汇总：

/Users/Shared/Jenkins下没有Home目录

Jenkins只能运行在Java 8上

管理员密码获取不到

/Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/secrets/initialAdminPassword
因为secrets目录权限为drwx------，所以须要使用sudo -i切换到文件拥有者root用户。

凭据添加

添加所有的Jenkins凭证便可。

Fetch tags

不选择这个在克隆时不会带着tags，在你想访问refspec指定的内容时能够节省时间和空间。

Shallow clone

浅克隆，这样git才能不下载项目的历史，若是你只想得到最新版，这样能够节省你的时间和磁盘空间。

Shallow clone depth 0

设置一个shallow的深度，这样git才能下载项目最近的历史，节省时间空间。
注：与npm list --depth 0 -g是一个道理。

触发远程构建（例如，使用脚本）

身份验证令牌
JENKINS_URL/job/weidian-crm-preproduction/build?token=TOKEN_NAME 或者 /buildWithParameters?token=TOKEN_NAME
Optionally append &cause=Cause+Text

卡住中止策略

Absolute Deadline Elastic Likely stuck No Activity

如何安装NodeJS Jenkins插件？

系统管理->插件管理
插件安装完成后，就会出现Provide Node & npm bin/ folder to PATH选项。

NodeJS Installation无选项

在全局配置的NodeJS中新增NodeJS便可。

没有npmrc文件

须要安装Pipeline NPM Plugin，在系统管理里找到Managed files，再Add a new Config便可。

没有SSH Publishers

安装插件# Publish Over SSH Plugin，远程执行远程linux服务器上的命令。

SSH Publisher没有选项

在全局的系统设置中，新增一台ssh服务器。

Started by user 高凯
Building in workspace /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/crm-production
[WS-CLEANUP] Deleting project workspace...
[WS-CLEANUP] Done
Cloning the remote Git repository
Using shallow clone
Cloning repository https://github.com/FrankKai/frontend-jenkins-cd.git
 > git init /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/crm-production # timeout=10
Fetching upstream changes from https://github.com/FrankKai/frontend-jenkins-cd.git
 > git --version # timeout=10
using GIT_ASKPASS to set credentials 
 > git fetch --tags --progress https://github.com/FrankKai/frontend-jenkins-cd.git +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* --depth=1
 > git config remote.origin.url https://github.com/FrankKai/frontend-jenkins-cd.git # timeout=10
 > git config --add remote.origin.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* # timeout=10
 > git config remote.origin.url https://github.com/FrankKai/frontend-jenkins-cd.git # timeout=10
Fetching upstream changes from https://github.com/FrankKai/frontend-jenkins-cd.git
using GIT_ASKPASS to set credentials 
 > git fetch --tags --progress https://github.com/FrankKai/frontend-jenkins-cd.git +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* --depth=1
 > git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/master^{commit} # timeout=10
 > git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/origin/master^{commit} # timeout=10
Checking out Revision af6a29ef8221d59a533fd6139fd2cb23e7a0e9bd (refs/remotes/origin/master)
 > git config core.sparsecheckout # timeout=10
 > git checkout -f af6a29ef8221d59a533fd6139fd2cb23e7a0e9bd
Commit message: "change"
 > git rev-list --no-walk af6a29ef8221d59a533fd6139fd2cb23e7a0e9bd # timeout=10
Adding all registry entries
copy managed file [taobao registry] to file:/Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/crm-production@tmp/config7039915536655380363tmp
[crm-production] $ /bin/sh -xe /Users/Shared/Jenkins/tmp/jenkins2849389808941702160.sh
+ echo /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/tools/jenkins.plugins.nodejs.tools.NodeJSInstallation/node8.11.3/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
/Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/tools/jenkins.plugins.nodejs.tools.NodeJSInstallation/node8.11.3/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
+ node --version
v8.11.3
+ npm install -g yarn --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
/Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/tools/jenkins.plugins.nodejs.tools.NodeJSInstallation/node8.11.3/bin/yarn -> /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/tools/jenkins.plugins.nodejs.tools.NodeJSInstallation/node8.11.3/lib/node_modules/yarn/bin/yarn.js
/Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/tools/jenkins.plugins.nodejs.tools.NodeJSInstallation/node8.11.3/bin/yarnpkg -> /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/tools/jenkins.plugins.nodejs.tools.NodeJSInstallation/node8.11.3/lib/node_modules/yarn/bin/yarn.js
+ yarn@1.9.4
updated 1 package in 0.643s
+ yarn --version
1.9.4
[crm-production] $ /bin/sh -xe /Users/Shared/Jenkins/tmp/jenkins5038056372914853910.sh
+ yarn install
yarn install v1.9.4
info No lockfile found.
[1/4] Resolving packages...
warning @vue/cli-service > webpack-bundle-analyzer > bfj-node4@5.3.1: Switch to the `bfj` package for fixes and new features!
[2/4] Fetching packages...
[3/4] Linking dependencies...
warning "@vue/cli-plugin-babel > babel-loader@8.0.0" has incorrect peer dependency "@babel/core@^7.0.0".
warning "@vue/cli-plugin-babel > babel-loader@8.0.0" has unmet peer dependency "webpack@>=2".
warning "@vue/cli-plugin-eslint > eslint-loader@2.1.0" has unmet peer dependency "webpack@>=2.0.0 <5.0.0".
[4/4] Building fresh packages...
success Saved lockfile.
Done in 9.80s.
[crm-production] $ /bin/sh -xe /Users/Shared/Jenkins/tmp/jenkins3713308693086114075.sh
+ yarn lint
yarn run v1.9.4
$ vue-cli-service lint
 DONE  No lint errors found!
Done in 1.00s.
+ yarn build
yarn run v1.9.4
$ vue-cli-service build

 DONE  Compiled successfully in 4555ms13:48:31

  File                                 Size               Gzipped

  dist/js/chunk-vendors.df5f2e07.js    78.56 kb           28.33 kb
  dist/js/app.4aef55d1.js              4.31 kb            1.60 kb
  dist/css/app.d63511e4.css            0.33 kb            0.23 kb

  Images and other types of assets omitted.

 DONE  Build complete. The dist directory is ready to be deployed.
 INFO  Check out deployment instructions at https://cli.vuejs.org/guide/deployment.html
      
Done in 7.46s.
SSH: Connecting from host [frankdeiMac.local]
SSH: Connecting with configuration [crm-test] ...
SSH: Disconnecting configuration [crm-test] ...
SSH: Transferred 7 file(s)
Build step 'Send files or execute commands over SSH' changed build result to SUCCESS
Finished: SUCCESS

从日志中咱们其实能够发现，Jenkins主要作了2件事：

编译文件*
- 从git仓库拉取文件到Jenkins
- Jenkins更新node_modules
- Jenkins build前端三板斧（html，css，js），通常为npm run build/ yarn build，生成dist目录
发送文件
- 与后端服务器创建ssh链接
- 发送dist目录，更新旧目录
- 断开链接

用一句话总结，其实就是jenkins构建，ssh更新。

茅塞顿开的感受真好！

关于前端自动化构建，还有如下博文能够参考：

参考资料：
http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-qygvryto-gc.html
http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-ohccbcwa-gs.html
https://yezihaohao.github.io/2017/09/09/Jenkins%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E6%89%93%E5%8C%85%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2/