python3模块名:pymysqlpython
conda install pymysql
conda install sqlalchemy
mysql
python2模块名:MySQLdbsql
import pymysql # 一、建立与数据库链接对象 db = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='haoen110', password='123', database='db4', charset='utf8') # 二、利用db方法建立游标对象 cur = db.cursor() # 三、利用游标对象execute()方法执行SQL命令 cur.execute("insert into sheng values\ (16,300000,'台湾省');") # 四、提交到数据库执行 db.commit() print("OK!") # 五、关闭游标对象 cur.close() # 六、断开数据库链接 db.close()
+----+--------+-----------+ | id | s_id | s_name | +----+--------+-----------+ | 1 | 130000 | 河北省 | | 2 | 140000 | 陕西省 | | 3 | 150000 | 四川省 | | 4 | 160000 | 广东省 | | 5 | 170000 | 山东省 | | 6 | 180000 | 湖北省 | | 7 | 190000 | 河南省 | | 8 | 200000 | 海南省 | | 9 | 200001 | 云南省 | | 10 | 200002 | 山西省 | | 16 | 300000 | 台湾省 | +----+--------+-----------+
一、创建数据库链接db = pymysql.connect(...)
二、建立游标对象cur = db.cursor()
三、游标方法cur.execute("insert ...")
四、提交到数据库db.commit()
五、关闭游标对象cur.close()
六、断开数据库链接db.close()
数据库
db = pymysql.connect(...)
db.close()
关闭链接db.commit()
提交到数据库执行db.rollback()
回滚cur = db.cursor()
返回游标对象,用于执行SQL具体SQL命令cur = db.cursor()
cur.execute(SQL命令,[列表])
执行SQL命令cur.close()
关闭游标对象cur.fetchone()
获取第一条数据
cur.fetchone()
获取第一条数据cur.fetchmany(n)
获取n条数据cur.fetchall()
获取全部记录import pymysql # 一、建立与数据库链接对象 db = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='haoen110', password='123', database='db4', charset='utf8') # 二、利用db方法建立游标对象 cur = db.cursor() # 三、利用游标对象execute()方法执行SQL命令 try: sql_select = "select * from sheng" cur.execute(sql_select) data1 = cur.fetchone() print(data1) print("*"*10) data2 = cur.fetchmany(3) for m in data2: print(m) print("*"*10) data3 = cur.fetchall() for m in data3: print(m) print("*"*10) except Exception as e: db.rollback() print("出现错误,已回滚", e) # 四、提交到数据库执行 db.commit() print("OK!") # 五、关闭游标对象 cur.close() # 六、断开数据库链接 db.close()
(1, 130000, '河北省') ********** (2, 140000, '陕西省') (3, 150000, '四川省') (4, 160000, '广东省') ********** (5, 170000, '山东省') (6, 180000, '湖北省') (7, 190000, '河南省') (8, 200000, '海南省') (9, 200001, '云南省') (10, 200002, '山西省') (16, 300000, '台湾省') ********** OK!
# 插入数据 import pymysql # 一、建立与数据库链接对象 db = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='haoen110', password='123', database='db4', charset='utf8') # 二、利用db方法建立游标对象 cur = db.cursor() # 三、利用游标对象execute()方法执行SQL命令 s_id = input("请输入省的编号:") name = input("请输入省的名字:") try: sql_insert = "insert into sheng(s_id,s_name) values(%s,%s);" cur.execute(sql_insert, [s_id, name]) print("插入成功!") except Exception as e: db.rollback() print("出现错误,已回滚", e) # 四、提交到数据库执行 db.commit() print("OK!") # 五、关闭游标对象 cur.close() # 六、断开数据库链接 db.close()
请输入省的编号:999 请输入省的名字:haha 插入成功! OK! +----+--------+-----------+ | id | s_id | s_name | +----+--------+-----------+ | 1 | 130000 | 河北省 | | 2 | 140000 | 陕西省 | | 3 | 150000 | 四川省 | | 4 | 160000 | 广东省 | | 5 | 170000 | 山东省 | | 6 | 180000 | 湖北省 | | 7 | 190000 | 河南省 | | 8 | 200000 | 海南省 | | 9 | 200001 | 云南省 | | 10 | 200002 | 山西省 | | 16 | 300000 | 台湾省 | | 17 | 999 | haha | +----+--------+-----------+
from pymysql import * class Mysqlpython: def __init__(self, database, host='localhost', user='haoen110', password='123', port=3306, charset='utf8'): self.host = host self.user = user self.password = password self.port = port self.charset = charset self.database = database def open(self): self.db = connect(host=self.host, user=self.user, port=self.port, database=self.database, password=self.password, charset=self.charset) self.cur = self.db.cursor() def close(self): self.cur.close() self.db.close() def zhixing(self,sql,L=[]): # pymysql.execute(sql) try: self.open() self.cur.execute(sql,L) self.db.commit() print("ok") except Exception as e: self.db.rollback() print("Failed",e) self.close() def all(self,sql,L=[]): try: self.open() self.cur.execute(sql,L) result = self.cur.fetchall() return result except Exception as e: print("Failed",e) self.close() # 建立数据库链接对象 # sqlh = Mysqlpython("db4") # sql_insert = "insert into sheng(s_id,s_name) values(666,'jjj');" # sqlh.zhixing(sql_insert) sql_select = "select * from sheng;" data = sqlh.all(sql_select) print(data)
ok ((1, 130000, '河北省'), (2, 140000, '陕西省'), (3, 150000, '四川省'), (4, 160000, '广东省'), (5, 170000, '山东省'), (6, 180000, '湖北省'), (7, 190000, '河南省'), (8, 200000, '海南省'), (9, 200001, '云南省'), (10, 200002, '山西省'), (16, 300000, '台湾省'), (17, 999, 'haha'), (18, 666, 'jjj'))
create table user( username varchar(20), password char(40) ); insert into user values("SHE","7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b"); # sha1加密的123456
from hashlib import sha1 uname = input("请输入用户名:") pwd = input("请输入密码:") # 用sha1给pwd加密 s1 = sha1() # 建立sha1加密对象 s1.update(pwd.encode("utf8")) # 指定编码 pwd2 = s1.hexdigest() # 返回16进制加密的结果 sqlh = Mysqlpython("db4") select = "select password from user where username=%s;" result = sqlh.all(select,[uname]) print(result) # 打印出来看看 if len(result) == 0: print("用户名不存在") elif result[0][0] == pwd2: print("登陆成功") else: print("密码错误")
请输入用户名:SHE 请输入密码:123456 (('7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b',),) 登陆成功
示例:app
class User(Base): __tablename__="t1" # 声明要建立的表名 id = Column(Integer, primary+key=True) name = Column(String(20)) # 解释:User 一张表,id name
from sqlalchemy import create_engine from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base from sqlalchemy import Column,Integer,String engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://haoen110:123@localhost/db4",encoding="utf8") Base = declarative_base() # orm基类 class User(Base): # 继承Base基类 __tablename__ = "t123" id = Column(Integer,primary_key=True) name = Column(String(20)) address = Column(String(40)) Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | address | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | | +---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+