【案例1】经过一个对象得到完整的包名和类名java
- package Reflect;
- /**
- * 经过一个对象得到完整的包名和类名
- * */
- class Demo{
- //other codes...
- }
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Demo demo=new Demo();
- System.out.println(demo.getClass().getName());
- }
- }
【运行结果】:Reflect.Demo数组
添加一句:全部类的对象其实都是Class的实例。框架
【案例2】实例化Class类对象ide
- package Reflect;
- class Demo{
- //other codes...
- }
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo1=null;
- Class<?> demo2=null;
- Class<?> demo3=null;
- try{
- //通常尽可能采用这种形式
- demo1=Class.forName("Reflect.Demo");
- }catch(Exception e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- demo2=new Demo().getClass();
- demo3=Demo.class;
- System.out.println("类名称 "+demo1.getName());
- System.out.println("类名称 "+demo2.getName());
- System.out.println("类名称 "+demo3.getName());
- }
- }
- import java.lang.reflect.*;
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- int[] temp={1,2,3,4,5};
- Class<?>demo=temp.getClass().getComponentType();
- System.out.println("数组类型: "+demo.getName());
- System.out.println("数组长度 "+Array.getLength(temp));
- System.out.println("数组的第一个元素: "+Array.get(temp, 0));
- Array.set(temp, 0, 100);
- System.out.println("修改以后数组第一个元素为: "+Array.get(temp, 0));
- }
- }
【案例3】经过Class实例化其余类的对象函数
经过无参构造实例化对象this
- package Reflect;
- class Person{
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
- public void setAge(int age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString(){
- return "["+this.name+" "+this.age+"]";
- }
- private String name;
- private int age;
- }
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo=null;
- try{
- demo=Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- }catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- Person per=null;
- try {
- per=(Person)demo.newInstance();
- } catch (InstantiationException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- per.setName("Rollen");
- per.setAge(20);
- System.out.println(per);
- }
- }
【运行结果】:
[Rollen 20]code
可是注意一下,当咱们把Person中的默认的无参构造函数取消的时候,好比本身定义只定义一个有参数的构造函数以后,会出现错误:
好比我定义了一个构造函数:对象
- public Person(String name, int age) {
- this.age=age;
- this.name=name;
- }
而后继续运行上面的程序,会出现:
java.lang.InstantiationException: Reflect.Person
at java.lang.Class.newInstance0(Class.java:340)
at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:308)
at Reflect.hello.main(hello.java:39)
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at Reflect.hello.main(hello.java:47)
因此你们之后再编写使用Class实例化其余类的对象的时候,必定要本身定义无参的构造函数
【案例】经过Class调用其余类中的构造函数 (也能够经过这种方式经过Class建立其余类的对象)
- package Reflect;
- import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
- class Person{
- public Person() {
- }
- public Person(String name){
- this.name=name;
- }
- public Person(int age){
- this.age=age;
- }
- public Person(String name, int age) {
- this.age=age;
- this.name=name;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString(){
- return "["+this.name+" "+this.age+"]";
- }
- private String name;
- private int age;
- }
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo=null;
- try{
- demo=Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- }catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- Person per1=null;
- Person per2=null;
- Person per3=null;
- Person per4=null;
- //取得所有的构造函数
- Constructor<?> cons[]=demo.getConstructors();
- try{
- per1=(Person)cons[0].newInstance();
- per2=(Person)cons[1].newInstance("Rollen");
- per3=(Person)cons[2].newInstance(20);
- per4=(Person)cons[3].newInstance("Rollen",20);
- }catch(Exception e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println(per1);
- System.out.println(per2);
- System.out.println(per3);
- System.out.println(per4);
- }
- }
【运行结果】:
[null 0]
[Rollen 0]
[null 20]
[Rollen 20]
【案例】
返回一个类实现的接口:
- package Reflect;
- interface China{
- public static final String name="Rollen";
- public static int age=20;
- public void sayChina();
- public void sayHello(String name, int age);
- }
- class Person implements China{
- public Person() {
- }
- public Person(String sex){
- this.sex=sex;
- }
- public String getSex() {
- return sex;
- }
- public void setSex(String sex) {
- this.sex = sex;
- }
- @Override
- public void sayChina(){
- System.out.println("hello ,china");
- }
- @Override
- public void sayHello(String name, int age){
- System.out.println(name+" "+age);
- }
- private String sex;
- }
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo=null;
- try{
- demo=Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- }catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- //保存全部的接口
- Class<?> intes[]=demo.getInterfaces();
- for (int i = 0; i < intes.length; i++) {
- System.out.println("实现的接口 "+intes[i].getName());
- }
- }
- }
【运行结果】:
实现的接口 Reflect.China
(注意,如下几个例子,都会用到这个例子的Person类,因此为节省篇幅,此处再也不粘贴Person的代码部分,只粘贴主类hello的代码)
【案例】:取得其余类中的父类
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo=null;
- try{
- demo=Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- }catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- //取得父类
- Class<?> temp=demo.getSuperclass();
- System.out.println("继承的父类为: "+temp.getName());
- }
- }
【运行结果】
继承的父类为: java.lang.Object
【案例】:得到其余类中的所有构造函数
这个例子须要在程序开头添加import java.lang.reflect.*;
而后将主类编写为:
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo=null;
- try{
- demo=Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- }catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- Constructor<?>cons[]=demo.getConstructors();
- for (int i = 0; i < cons.length; i++) {
- System.out.println("构造方法: "+cons[i]);
- }
- }
- }
【运行结果】:
构造方法: public Reflect.Person()
构造方法: public Reflect.Person(java.lang.String)
可是细心的读者会发现,上面的构造函数没有public 或者private这一类的修饰符
下面这个例子咱们就来获取修饰符
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo=null;
- try{
- demo=Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- }catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- Constructor<?>cons[]=demo.getConstructors();
- for (int i = 0; i < cons.length; i++) {
- Class<?> p[]=cons[i].getParameterTypes();
- System.out.print("构造方法: ");
- int mo=cons[i].getModifiers();
- System.out.print(Modifier.toString(mo)+" ");
- System.out.print(cons[i].getName());
- System.out.print("(");
- for(int j=0;j<p.length;++j){
- System.out.print(p[j].getName()+" arg"+i);
- if(j<p.length-1){
- System.out.print(",");
- }
- }
- System.out.println("){}");
- }
- }
- }
【运行结果】:
构造方法: public Reflect.Person(){}
构造方法: public Reflect.Person(java.lang.String arg1){}
有时候一个方法可能还有异常,呵呵。下面看看:
- class hello{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo=null;
- try{
- demo=Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- }catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- Method method[]=demo.getMethods();
- for(int i=0;i<method.length;++i){
- Class<?> returnType=method[i].getReturnType();
- Class<?> para[]=method[i].getParameterTypes();
- int temp=method[i].getModifiers();
- System.out.print(Modifier.toString(temp)+" ");
- System.out.print(returnType.getName()+" ");
- System.out.print(method[i].getName()+" ");
- System.out.print("(");
- for(int j=0;j<para.length;++j){
- System.out.print(para[j].getName()+" "+"arg"+j);
- if(j<para.length-1){
- System.out.print(",");
- }
- }
- Class<?> exce[]=method[i].getExceptionTypes();
- if(exce.length>0){
- System.out.print(") throws ");
- for(int k=0;k<exce.length;++k){
- System.out.print(exce[k].getName()+" ");
- if(k<exce.length-1){
- System.out.print(",");
- }
- }
- }else{
- System.out.print(")");
- }
- System.out.println();
- }
- }
- }
【运行结果】:
public java.lang.String getSex ()
public void setSex (java.lang.String arg0)
public void sayChina ()
public void sayHello (java.lang.String arg0,int arg1)
public final native void wait (long arg0) throws java.lang.InterruptedException
public final void wait () throws java.lang.InterruptedException
public final void wait (long arg0,int arg1) throws java.lang.InterruptedException
public boolean equals (java.lang.Object arg0)
public java.lang.String toString ()
public native int hashCode ()
public final native java.lang.Class getClass ()
public final native void notify ()
public final native void notifyAll ()
【案例】接下来让咱们取得其余类的所有属性吧,最后我讲这些整理在一块儿,也就是经过class取得一个类的所有框架
- class hello {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo = null;
- try {
- demo = Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- System.out.println("===============本类属性========================");
- // 取得本类的所有属性
- Field[] field = demo.getDeclaredFields();
- for (int i = 0; i < field.length; i++) {
- // 权限修饰符
- int mo = field[i].getModifiers();
- String priv = Modifier.toString(mo);
- // 属性类型
- Class<?> type = field[i].getType();
- System.out.println(priv + " " + type.getName() + " "
- + field[i].getName() + ";");
- }
- System.out.println("===============实现的接口或者父类的属性========================");
- // 取得实现的接口或者父类的属性
- Field[] filed1 = demo.getFields();
- for (int j = 0; j < filed1.length; j++) {
- // 权限修饰符
- int mo = filed1[j].getModifiers();
- String priv = Modifier.toString(mo);
- // 属性类型
- Class<?> type = filed1[j].getType();
- System.out.println(priv + " " + type.getName() + " "
- + filed1[j].getName() + ";");
- }
- }
- }
【运行结果】:
===============本类属性========================
private java.lang.String sex;
===============实现的接口或者父类的属性========================
public static final java.lang.String name;
public static final int age;
【案例】其实还能够经过反射调用其余类中的方法:
- class hello {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo = null;
- try {
- demo = Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- try{
- //调用Person类中的sayChina方法
- Method method=demo.getMethod("sayChina");
- method.invoke(demo.newInstance());
- //调用Person的sayHello方法
- method=demo.getMethod("sayHello", String.class,int.class);
- method.invoke(demo.newInstance(),"Rollen",20);
- }catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
【运行结果】:
hello ,china
Rollen 20
【案例】调用其余类的set和get方法
- class hello {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Class<?> demo = null;
- Object obj=null;
- try {
- demo = Class.forName("Reflect.Person");
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- try{
- obj=demo.newInstance();
- }catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- setter(obj,"Sex","男",String.class);
- getter(obj,"Sex");
- }
- /**
- * @param obj
- * 操做的对象
- * @param att
- * 操做的属性
- * */
- public static void getter(Object obj, String att) {
- try {
- Method method = obj.getClass().getMethod("get" + att);
- System.out.println(method.invoke(obj));
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /**
- * @param obj
- * 操做的对象
- * @param att
- * 操做的属性
- * @param value
- * 设置的值
- * @param type
- * 参数的属性
- * */
- public static void setter(Object obj, String att, Object value,
- Class<?> type) {
- try {
- Method method = obj.getClass().getMethod("set" + att, type);
- method.invoke(obj, value);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }// end class
【运行结果】:
男