【从零开始安装kubernetes-1.7.3】3.安装MASTER与NODE组件（CA配置）

时间 2019-11-08

标签开始安装 kubernetes 1.7.3 master node 组件配置繁體版

原文原文链接

紧接上一章node

8. MASTER节点配置

8.1 安装组件

上传kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gzlinux

tar -xzvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes
cp -r server/bin/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubectl,kube-proxy,kubelet} /usr/local/bin/

适用全部Mastergit

8.2 建立kubectl与apiserver通讯证书

cd /opt/ssl
#vi admin-csr.json
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "ShangHai",
      "L": "ShangHai",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
# 生成 admin 证书和私钥
cd /opt/ssl/
cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
# 查看生成
[root@localhost ssl]# ls -ltr admin*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  231 Jul 27 17:06 admin-csr.json
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1407 Jul 27 17:07 admin.pem
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 Jul 27 17:07 admin-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1013 Jul 27 17:07 admin.csr
#拷贝至证书目录
cp admin*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/

8.3 配置kubectl的kubeconfig文件

配置 kubernetes 集群github

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=https://192.168.116.123:6443

配置客户端认证docker

kubectl config set-credentials admin \
  --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem

kubectl config set-context kubernetes \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=admin

kubectl config use-context kubernetes

分发kubectl config文件json

mkdir /root/.kube
scp /root/.kube/config root@192.168.116.124:/root/.kube/

8.4 生成kubernetes证书和私钥。

cd /opt/ssl
vi kubernetes-csr.json
[root@k8s-master-1 ssl]# cat kubernetes-csr.json
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "192.168.116.123",
    "192.168.116.124",
    "10.254.0.1",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "ShangHai",
      "L": "ShangHai",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

这里 hosts 字段中三个 IP 分别为 127.0.0.1 本机， 192.168.116.x为 Master 的IP， 10.254.0.1 为 kubernetes SVC 的 IP，通常是部署网络的第一个IP , 如: 10.254.0.1 ，在启动完成后，咱们使用 kubectl get svc ，就能够查看到。bootstrap

cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes kubernetes-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kubernetes

拷贝到目录api

cp -r kubernetes* /etc/kubernetes/ssl/网络

拷贝到其余Masterapp

scp -r kubernetes* root@192.168.116.124:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/

8.5 配置kube-apiserver

kubelet 首次启动时向 kube-apiserver 发送 TLS Bootstrapping 请求，kube-apiserver 验证 kubelet 请求中的 token 是否与它配置的 token 一致，若是一致则自动为 kubelet生成证书和秘钥。

生成token

head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
结果：ed7b961401dc857ead33f9fb38ab62bc

建立token.csv文件

[root@k8s-master-1 ssl]# cat token.csv 
ed7b961401dc857ead33f9fb38ab62bc,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"

拷贝至目录

cp token.csv /etc/kubernetes/

8.6 建立kube-apiserver.service文件

开启RBAC

#vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
  --admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota \
  --advertise-address=192.168.116.123 \
  --allow-privileged=true \
  --apiserver-count=3 \
  --audit-log-maxage=30 \
  --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \
  --audit-log-maxsize=100 \
  --audit-log-path=/var/lib/audit.log \
  --authorization-mode=RBAC \
  --bind-address=192.168.116.123 \
  --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --enable-swagger-ui=true \
  --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  --etcd-servers=https://192.168.116.123:2379 \
  --event-ttl=1h \
  --kubelet-https=true \
  --insecure-bind-address=192.168.116.123 \
  --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1alpha1 \
  --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16 \
  --service-node-port-range=30000-32000 \
  --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  --experimental-bootstrap-token-auth \
  --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv \
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

这里面要注意的是 --service-node-port-range=30000-32000
这个地方是映射外部端口时的端口范围，随机映射也在这个范围内映射，指定映射端口必须也在这个范围内。

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl status kube-apiserver

8.7 配置kube-controller-manager

建立 kube-controller-manager.service 文件

# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
  --address=127.0.0.1 \
  --master=http://192.168.116.123:8080 \
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16 \
  --cluster-cidr=10.254.0.0/16 \
  --cluster-name=kubernetes \
  --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --leader-elect=true \
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl status kube-controller-manager

8.9 配置kube-scheduler

建立 kube-scheduler.service 文件

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
  --address=127.0.0.1 \
  --master=http://192.168.116.123:8080 \
  --leader-elect=true \
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动kube-schedular

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl status kube-scheduler

验证MASTER节点

kubectl get componentstatuses

其余MASTER节点：

证书包含了全部Master节点IP，能够拷贝
Token.csv能够拷贝
Apiserver、controller-manager、scheduler的service文件都可以拷贝后更改IP

9 NODE节点配置

上传 kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz

tar -zxvf kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cp kubernetes/client/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/kube*

这里说明一下，server包里包括了client包里的全部二进制程序，这里也能够直接将server包里的相同文件拷贝出来，不须要client这个包。

9.1 配置kubelet

kubelet 启动时向 kube-apiserver 发送 TLS bootstrapping 请求，须要先将 bootstrap token 文件中的 kubelet-bootstrap 用户赋予 system:node-bootstrapper 角色，而后 kubelet 才有权限建立认证请求(certificatesigningrequests)。

先建立认证请求 user 为 master 中 token.csv 文件里配置的用户只需在一个node中建立一次就能够
Master节点执行

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap

配置集群

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=https://192.168.116.123:6443 \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

配置客户端认证

kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
  --token=ed7b961401dc857ead33f9fb38ab62bc \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

配置关联

kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

配置默认关联

kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

拷贝生成的 bootstrap.kubeconfig 文件

mv bootstrap.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/

9.2 建立kubelet.service文件

建立kubelet目录

mkdir /var/lib/kubelet
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet \
  --address=192.168.116.123 \
  --hostname-override=192.168.116.123 \
  --pod-infra-container-image=192.168.116.123:80/library/pod-infrastructure:latest \
  --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig \
  --require-kubeconfig \
  --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl \
  --cluster_dns=10.254.0.2 \
  --cluster_domain=cluster.local \
  --hairpin-mode promiscuous-bridge \
  --allow-privileged=true \
  --serialize-image-pulls=false \
  --logtostderr=true \
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

如上配置:
198.15.5.30 为本机的IP
10.254.0.2 预分配的 dns 地址
cluster.local. 为 kubernetes 集群的 domain
jicki/pause-amd64:3.0 这个是 pod 的基础镜像，既 gcr 的 gcr.io/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.0 镜像，下载下来修改成本身的仓库中的比较快。

启动kubelet

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl status kubelet

9.3 配置TLS认证。

Master节点查看 csr 的名称

kubectl get csr

增长认证

kubectl certificate approve node-csr-OL4lCAbeWUnCOFyPwBPVG2v4aXNDcfJDYtPFaGL7ApU

而后状态就会变成这样

9.4 验证Nodes

kubectl get nodes

成功之后Node节点会自动生成配置文件与密钥
配置文件

ls -ltr /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig

密钥文件

ls -ltr /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

9.5 配置kube-proxy

证书方面因为咱们node端没有装 cfssl
咱们回到 master 端机器去配置证书，而后拷贝过来

cd /opt/ssl
vi kube-proxy-csr.json
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "ShangHai",
      "L": "ShangHai",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

生成kube-proxy证书和私钥

cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes  kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

查看生成：

ls -ltr kube-proxy*
kube-proxy.csr  kube-proxy-csr.json  kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem

拷贝到目录：

cp kube-proxy* /etc/kubernetes/ssl/

拷贝到node节点：
scp kube-proxy* root@198.15.5.30:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/

9.6建立kube-proxy kubeconfig文件

Node节点配置集群

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=https://192.168.116.123:6443 \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

配置客户端认证

kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

配置关联

kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

配置默认关联

kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

拷贝到目录

mv kube-proxy.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/

9.4建立kube-proxy.service文件

建立 kube-proxy 目录

mkdir -p /var/lib/kube-proxy
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-proxy \
  --bind-address=192.168.116.123 \
  --hostname-override=192.168.116.5.123 \
  --cluster-cidr=10.254.0.0/16 \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig \
  --logtostderr=true \
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动kube-proxy

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl status kube-proxy

其余NODE节点也按这个配置。