VSC - VS Code 远程开发环境

1 - VS Code Remote Development

1.1 Documentation

• Remote - https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/
• Remote tutorials - https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/remote-tutorials
• FAQ - https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/faq

1.2 Remote Development extension pack

https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode-remote.vscode-remote-extensionpack

• Remote - SSH： https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode-remote.remote-ssh
• Remote - Containers： https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers
• Remote - WSL：https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode-remote.remote-wsl
  

1.3 Comparison

Remote - SSH

Remote - Containers

Remote - WSL

2 - Remote - SSH

Documentation： https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/ssh

2.1 Preparation

Extension

SSH

• 远程主机已安装ssh-server
• 本地主机已安装ssh-client

2.2 Configuration

点击界面左下角图标，弹出远程开发命令面板

Remote-SSH: Connect to Host... :
能够直接输入主机地址进行链接，相关配置不会添加到 SSH 配置文件中

也能够选择 Add New SSH Host...，输入完整的ssh指令(支持附加额外的 SSH 参数)，相关配置会自动添加到 SSH 配置文件中

• Remote-SSH: Open Configuration File...：选取 SSH 配置文件并打开，自定义配置文件
• Remote-SSH: Getting Started...：会打开Getting Started 页面 https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/ssh#_getting-started

2.3 Sample - Remote-SSH: Connect to Host

直接输入SSH信息并执行链接

选择目标主机的系统类型

输入密码

链接成功

查看信息

在目标主机能够查看到已经自动部署了 Remote Server，路径为 ~/.vscode-server/

[anliven@anliven ~]$ ls -l .vscode-server/
total 0
drwxrwxr-x 3 anliven anliven 54 Jun 24 03:58 bin
drwxrwxr-x 5 anliven anliven 62 Jun 24 04:02 data
drwxrwxr-x 3 anliven anliven 40 Jun 24 04:03 extensions
[anliven@anliven ~]$ 
[anliven@anliven ~]$ tree -L 3 .vscode-server/
.vscode-server/
├── bin
│   └── ff915844119ce9485abfe8aa9076ec76b5300ddd
│       ├── bin
│       ├── extensions
│       ├── LICENSE
│       ├── node
│       ├── node_modules
│       ├── out
│       ├── package.json
│       ├── product.json
│       └── server.sh
├── data
│   ├── logs
│   │   ├── 20200624T040232
│   │   └── 20200624T041953
│   ├── Machine
│   ├── machineid
│   └── User
│       └── globalStorage
└── extensions
    └── hediet.vscode-drawio-0.6.6
        ├── CHANGELOG.md
        ├── dist
        ├── docs
        ├── drawio
        ├── package.json
        └── README.md

18 directories, 9 files
[anliven@anliven ~]$

2.4 Sample - Remote-SSH: Open Configuration File

2.4.1 Add and configure

输入链接信息

选择将链接信息存放在哪一个配置文件

提示已添加主机

选择主机，点击鼠标右键选择链接方式

链接成功

2.4.2 Configuration change

• 在命令面板中，Remote-SSH: Open Configuration File...：选取 SSH 配置文件并打开，自定义配置文件
• 经过远程资源链接器
  
  能够查看和修改相应的配置信息，例如，添加端口信息 Port 22，指定秘钥文件 IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
  

2.5 Login without password

将本地生成的公钥添加到目标主机的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys, 此后登陆就不用输密码。

GuowangLi@CHN-L-GuowangLi /c/Projects
λ ls -l ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 GuowangLi 1049089 579 Apr 27 18:22 /c/Users/guowangli/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
GuowangLi@CHN-L-GuowangLi /c/Projects
λ ssh-copy-id root@192.168.56.200
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/c/Users/guowangli/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@192.168.56.200's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@192.168.56.200'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

GuowangLi@CHN-L-GuowangLi /c/Projects
λ

2.6 Extension

给远程环境安装插件，对本机的VS Code没有影响。
插件在远端提供功能，好比代码审查、自动补齐等等，而这全部的一切就像在本地操做同样，对文件的更改也是直接操做的远程环境中的文件。

Note：须要以非root用户来进行Remote SSH链接。不然没法在SSH远程环境无安装扩展

3 - Remote - Containers

Documentation： https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers

3.1 Preparation

System Requirements

• Linux: Docker CE/EE 18.06
• Docker Compose 1.21+

[root@anliven ~]# uname -a
Linux anliven 3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Mar 31 23:36:51 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@anliven ~]#
[root@anliven ~]# cat /etc/system-release
CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)
[root@anliven ~]#
[root@anliven ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.11
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.13.10
 Git commit:        42e35e61f3
 Built:             Mon Jun  1 09:13:48 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.11
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.10
  Git commit:       42e35e61f3
  Built:            Mon Jun  1 09:12:26 2020
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.2.13
  GitCommit:        7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc10
  GitCommit:        dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683
[root@anliven ~]#
[root@anliven ~]# docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.26.0, build d4451659
[root@anliven ~]#

VS Code
Installation - Linux https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/setup/linux

[root@anliven ~]# su - anliven
Last login: Mon Jun 15 20:24:01 EDT 2020 on :0
[anliven@anliven ~]$
[anliven@anliven ~]$ code --version
1.46.0
a5d1cc28bb5da32ec67e86cc50f84c67cc690321
x64
[anliven@anliven ~]$

注意： 应该以非super用户启动code

[root@anliven ~]# code --version
You are trying to start vscode as a super user which is not recommended. If you really want to, you must specify an alternate user data directory using the --user-data-dir argument.
[root@anliven ~]#

3.2 Try a Sample

New Container

Sample - Java

https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-remote-try-java
开始建立

建立完成

镜像与容器

[root@anliven ~]# docker images vsc*
REPOSITORY                                                      TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
vsc-vscode-remote-try-java-7082d7a76a508a754975227521a1e638     latest              886f9cad72dc        3 minutes ago       554MB
vsc-vscode-remote-try-python-41cc2ee6f8cb6b0cee4c350f9a78ef53   latest              37ccde86ffac        33 minutes ago      1.15GB
vsc-volume-bootstrap                                            latest              f359f0df1483        36 minutes ago      130MB
[root@anliven ~]#
[root@anliven ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                         COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
f360dd02acba        vsc-vscode-remote-try-java-7082d7a76a508a754975227521a1e638   "/bin/sh -c 'echo Co…"   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                            wizardly_benz
[root@anliven ~]#

Close the Remote Connection

打开远程窗口， 选择“关闭远程链接”， 对应的容器也将中止运行。

Some operations

能够经过remote-container操做已经存在的容器

3.3 Remote-Containers: Open Folder in Container

目录信息
此时目录为空目录，没有对应的配置，将会触发“新建配置”的过程

[anliven@anliven samples]$ pwd
/home/anliven/samples
[anliven@anliven samples]$ ls -la
total 4
drwxrwxr-x   2 anliven anliven    6 Jun 18 03:19 .
drwx------. 20 anliven anliven 4096 Jun 18 03:19 ..
[anliven@anliven samples]$

选择目录

选择类型

开始建立
根据配置信息，下载基础镜像、构建新镜像， 而后启动容器

建立完成

生成的目录与文件

[anliven@anliven samples]$ ls -la
total 4
drwxrwxr-x   3 anliven anliven   27 Jun 18 03:46 .
drwx------. 20 anliven anliven 4096 Jun 18 03:19 ..
drwxrwxr-x   2 anliven anliven   49 Jun 18 03:46 .devcontainer
[anliven@anliven samples]$
[anliven@anliven samples]$ ls -la .devcontainer/
total 8
drwxrwxr-x 2 anliven anliven   49 Jun 18 03:46 .
drwxrwxr-x 3 anliven anliven   27 Jun 18 03:46 ..
-rw-rw-r-- 1 anliven anliven 1398 Jun 18 03:46 devcontainer.json
-rw-rw-r-- 1 anliven anliven  997 Jun 18 03:46 Dockerfile
[anliven@anliven samples]$
[anliven@anliven samples]$ cat .devcontainer/Dockerfile |grep -v "\//"
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Update the VARIANT arg in devcontainer.json to pick an Ubuntu version: 20.04, 18.04
# To fully customize the contents of this image, use the following Dockerfile instead:
ARG VARIANT="20.04"
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/base:0-ubuntu${VARIANT}

# ** [Optional] Uncomment this section to install additional packages. **
#
# RUN apt-get update \
#     && export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
#     && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends <your-package-list-here>

[anliven@anliven samples]$
[anliven@anliven samples]$ cat .devcontainer/Dockerfile |grep -v "\#"

ARG VARIANT="20.04"
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/base:0-ubuntu${VARIANT}

相关的镜像与容器

[anliven@anliven samples]$ docker images mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/base
REPOSITORY                                    TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/base   0-ubuntu20.04       2b5fb7ba7ef2        23 hours ago        295MB
[anliven@anliven samples]$
[anliven@anliven samples]$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
10dfd5f1a69e        vsc-samples-2ceaaed4d0d4ec6e208545a84baaada7   "/bin/sh -c 'echo Co…"   11 minutes ago      Up 11 minutes                           vigilant_rubin
[anliven@anliven samples]$

关闭远程链接

关闭远程链接后，对应的容器也中止运行

[anliven@anliven samples]$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[anliven@anliven samples]$
[anliven@anliven samples]$ docker ps -a | grep samples
10dfd5f1a69e        vsc-samples-2ceaaed4d0d4ec6e208545a84baaada7                    "/bin/sh -c 'echo Co…"   14 minutes ago      Exited (137) 44 seconds ago                       vigilant_rubin
[anliven@anliven samples]$

从新打开（只是重启了已存在的容器）


启动了现有的容器

[anliven@anliven samples]$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
10dfd5f1a69e        vsc-samples-2ceaaed4d0d4ec6e208545a84baaada7   "/bin/sh -c 'echo Co…"   20 minutes ago      Up 3 minutes                            vigilant_rubin

3.4 Remote-Containers: Attach to Running Container

若是有正在运行的容器

[anliven@anliven samples]$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
10dfd5f1a69e        vsc-samples-2ceaaed4d0d4ec6e208545a84baaada7   "/bin/sh -c 'echo Co…"   45 minutes ago      Up 6 minutes                                 vigilant_rubin
6a5c0837e615        test-node-web-app                              "docker-entrypoint.s…"   47 hours ago        Up 4 seconds        0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp   objective_rhodes
[anliven@anliven samples]$

打开远程窗口后，将出现“Remote-Containers: Attach to Running Container” 的选项

选择容器

将会在对应的容器启动远程环境, 终端也将变成容器中的终端

3.5 Some configureations

官方示例中，涉及 .devcontainer.json 和 Dockerfile 两个文件

- .devcontainer :              开发环境配置目录
  - devcontainer.json :        环境配置文件，定义容器运行时的配置
  - Dockerfile :               环境的Docker镜像生成文件
- .vscode :                    vscode使用的配置文件（容器端使用）
  - launch.json :              debuger 配置文件（容器端使用）

devcontainer.json reference: https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers#_devcontainerjson-reference
Dockerfile reference: https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/

4 - Remote - WSL

Documentation： https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/wsl

适用于 Linux 的 Windows 子系统文档

• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/
• https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/wsl/

5 - Troubleshooting

TS-1

Description

Solution
https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/linux-postinstall/

To create the docker group and add your user:

Create the docker group.
    $ sudo groupadd docker

Add your user to the docker group.
    $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

Log out and log back in so that your group membership is re-evaluated.
    If testing on a virtual machine, it may be necessary to restart the virtual machine for changes to take effect.
    On Linux, you can also run the following command to activate the changes to groups:
    $ newgrp docker 

Verify that you can run docker commands without sudo.
    $ docker run hello-world

TS-2

Description

Solution
为普通用户添加sudo命令的权限

# 1.切换到root用户，添加sudo文件的写权限
chmod u+w /etc/sudoers

# 2.编辑sudoers文件，在 root ALL=(ALL) ALL  一行下面添加 <user-name> ALL=(ALL) ALL    （容许<user-name>执行sudo命令， 但须要输入密码）
user    ALL=(ALL)    ALL                             # 容许用户user执行sudo命令(须要输入密码)
%usergroup   ALL=(ALL)    ALL                        # 容许用户组usergroup里的用户执行sudo命令(须要输入密码)
user    ALL=(ALL)    NOPASSWD: ALL                   # 容许用户user执行sudo命令,而且不输入密码
%usergroup   ALL=(ALL)    NOPASSWD: ALL              # 容许用户组usergroup里的用户执行sudo命令,而且不输入密码

# 3.撤销sudoers文件写权限
chmod u-w /etc/sudoers

TS-3

Description
VS code的远程环境提示“找不到扩展”
Solution 须要以非root用户来进行Remote SSH链接。