Flutter是怎么启动起来的,是在Android的Activity的启动以后吗?等等这样的问题,在这个文章中将被解答。java
新建立一个Flutter项目,在清单文件中默认被启动的Activity是MainActivity,而MainActivity继承的是FlutterActivity。那么问题好像简单了,咱们分析一下FlutterActivity,下面是MainActivity的代码。shell
public class MainActivity extends FlutterActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith(this);
}
}
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上面的源码很简单,有两个点须要关注,第一个就是在MainActivity.onCreate()中调用了GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith()这个方法,第二个是MainActivity继承自FlutterActivity,咱们对这两个关注点依次进行分析。json
咱们查看GeneratedPluginRegistrant,发现这个类是Android Studio自动生成的,而且不建议修改,这个类也很是简单,下面是GeneratedPluginRegistrant的代码。bash
public final class GeneratedPluginRegistrant {
public static void registerWith(PluginRegistry registry) {
if (alreadyRegisteredWith(registry)) {
return;
}
}
private static boolean alreadyRegisteredWith(PluginRegistry registry) {
final String key = GeneratedPluginRegistrant.class.getCanonicalName();
if (registry.hasPlugin(key)) {
return true;
}
registry.registrarFor(key);
return false;
}
}
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若是PluginRegistry已经包含了GeneratedPluginRegistrant就直接返回true,如没有就调用PluginRegistry.registrarFor()进行注册。app
咱们分析一下PluginRegistry,看看是怎么注册的,发现PluginRegistry是一个接口,下面是PluginRegistry的代码。ide
public interface PluginRegistry {
Registrar registrarFor(String pluginKey);
}
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PluginRegistry的实现是谁呢?是FlutterActivity,下面开发分析FlutterActivity,暂时看FlutterActivity比较重要,由于这个类是MainActivity的父类,仍是PluginRegistry的具体实现类。oop
下面是FlutterActivity的代码。this
public class FlutterActivity extends Activity implements FlutterView.Provider, PluginRegistry, ViewFactory {
private final FlutterActivityDelegate delegate = new FlutterActivityDelegate(this, this);
private final FlutterActivityEvents eventDelegate = delegate;
private final FlutterView.Provider viewProvider = delegate;
private final PluginRegistry pluginRegistry = delegate;
@Override
public final boolean hasPlugin(String key) {
return pluginRegistry.hasPlugin(key);
}
@Override
public final Registrar registrarFor(String pluginKey) {
return pluginRegistry.registrarFor(pluginKey);
}
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
eventDelegate.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
eventDelegate.onDestroy();
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
eventDelegate.onStop();
super.onStop();
}
//省略了一些代码
}
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从上面的代码中能够看出来,FlutterActivity是继承Activity和实现了PluginRegistry。分析一下onCreate,onStop,onDestroy这些生命周期方法被FlutterActivity.eventDelegate代理了,这个时候咱们明白了,FlutterActivity就是一个空壳,真正实现是代理类FlutterActivityDelegate。spa
咱们具体看一下,下面是FlutterActivity.onCreate()的代码。线程
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
eventDelegate.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
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FlutterActivity.$onCreate()比较简单,调用了super的onCreate()和eventDelegate.onCreate(),也就是调用了代理类的onCreate方法,下面分析FlutterActivityDelegate。
从上面的分析能够得出结论,FlutterActivity什么都没有作,都交个了FlutterActivityDelegate去干,这里类实现了PluginRegistry,下面是FlutterActivityDelegate的代码。
public final class FlutterActivityDelegate implements FlutterActivityEvents, FlutterView.Provider, PluginRegistry {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
}
}
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仍是先分析FlutterActivityDelegate.onCreate(),这个真正干活的onCreate方法仍是比较复杂的,下面是FlutterActivityDelegate.onCreate()的代码。
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
String[] args = getArgsFromIntent(activity.getIntent());//1
FlutterMain.ensureInitializationComplete(activity.getApplicationContext(), args);//2
flutterView = viewFactory.createFlutterView(activity);//3
if (flutterView == null) {
FlutterNativeView nativeView = viewFactory.createFlutterNativeView();
flutterView = new FlutterView(activity, null, nativeView);//4
flutterView.setLayoutParams(matchParent);
activity.setContentView(flutterView);//5
launchView = createLaunchView();
if (launchView != null) {
addLaunchView();
}
}
if (loadIntent(activity.getIntent())) {
return;
}
String appBundlePath = FlutterMain.findAppBundlePath(activity.getApplicationContext());
if (appBundlePath != null) {
runBundle(appBundlePath);
}
}
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获得了一些参数,这些参数是干啥用的?咱们拿一个trace-startup参数为例进行简单介绍下面是FlutterActivityDelegate.getArgsFromIntent()的代码。
private static String[] getArgsFromIntent(Intent intent) {
ArrayList<String> args = new ArrayList<>();
if (intent.getBooleanExtra("trace-startup", false)) {
args.add("--trace-startup");
}
if (intent.getBooleanExtra("start-paused", false)) {
args.add("--start-paused");
}
if (!args.isEmpty()) {
String[] argsArray = new String[args.size()];
return args.toArray(argsArray);
}
return null;
}
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当你安装一个App的时候,能够用下面这个命令,
flutter run --trace-startup --profile
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安装完以后会生下面这个json,
{
"engineEnterTimestampMicros": 273508186457,
"timeToFrameworkInitMicros": 271420,
"timeToFirstFrameMicros": 469796,
"timeAfterFrameworkInitMicros": 198376
}
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这个json会显示进入Flutter引擎的时间和展现应用第一帧的时间等等。
调用 FlutterMain.ensureInitializationComplete(),这方法初始化了Flutter,下面是ensureInitializationComplete的代码。
public static void ensureInitializationComplete(Context applicationContext, String[] args) {
if (Looper.myLooper() != Looper.getMainLooper()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("ensureInitializationComplete must be called on the main thread");
}
try {
sResourceExtractor.waitForCompletion();
List<String> shellArgs = new ArrayList<>();
shellArgs.add("--icu-symbol-prefix=_binary_icudtl_dat");
String appBundlePath = findAppBundlePath(applicationContext);
String appStoragePath = PathUtils.getFilesDir(applicationContext);
nativeInit(applicationContext, shellArgs.toArray(new String[0]),
appBundlePath, appStoragePath, engineCachesPath);//1
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Flutter initialization failed.", e);
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//native方法
private static native void nativeInit(Context context, String[] args, String bundlePath, String appStoragePath, String engineCachesPath);
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先判断是否是主线程,若是不是主线程直接抛出异常。初始化参数调用 FlutterMain.nativeInit()方法,这个方法是native方法,主要的用途是初始化Flutter。
ViewFactory是一个接口,ViewFactory.createFlutterView()的具体实现有两个,分别是FlutterActivity.createFlutterView()和FlutterFragmentActivity.createFlutterView()如今这个两个具体实现都返回null,也就是必定会走到注释4。
建立FlutterView,那么FlutterView是什么呢?看一下类的声明,下面是FlutterView的声明的代码,
public class FlutterView extends SurfaceView implements BinaryMessenger, TextureRegistry } 复制代码
原来是一 SurfaceView,这个就很容易理解了。
关键来了,下面是调用setContentView的代码,
activity.setContentView(flutterView);
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把FlutterView加载到Activity中,折腾了半天,就是作了这样一件事,说白了就是建立了一个FlutterView,而且把这个view显示到屏幕上。
下面是Flutter的启动流程图。