kubernetes 1.18.3 版本二进制部署

时间 2020-06-15

标签 kubernetes 1.18.3 版本二进制部署繁體版

原文原文链接

kubernetes 1.18.3 版本二进制部署

标签（空格分隔）： kubernetes系列node

一：系统环境介绍
二：部署Etcd集群
三：安装docker
四：部署k8s Master Node
五：部署k8s Worker Node
六：部署Dashboard和CoreDNS

一：系统环境介绍

1.1 环境准备

在开始以前，部署Kubernetes集群机器须要知足如下几个条件：

操做系统: CentOS7.8-86_x64
硬件配置：2GB或更多RAM，2个CPU或更多CPU，硬盘30GB或更多集群中全部机器之间网络互通

能够访问外网，须要拉取镜像，若是服务器不能上网，须要提早下载镜像并导入节点

禁止swap分区

1.2 软件环境：

操做系统:   CentOS7.8_x64 （mini）

Docker: 19-ce

Kubernetes: 1.18.3

1.3 环境规划

服务器总体规划：

1.4 单Master架构图：

1.5 单Master服务器规划：

1.6 操做系统初始化配置

# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

# 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久
setenforce 0  # 临时

# 关闭swap
swapoff -a  # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab    # 永久

# 根据规划设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>

# 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.100.11 node01.flyfish
192.168.100.12 node02.flyfish
192.168.100.13 node03.flyfish
EOF

# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system  # 生效

# 时间同步
yum install chronyd
server ntp1.aliyun.com

2、部署Etcd集群

2.1 ETCD 集群的概念

Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统，Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储，因此先准备一个Etcd数据库，为解决Etcd单点故障，应采用集群方式部署，这里使用3台组建集群，可容忍1台机器故障，固然，你也可使用5台组建集群，可容忍2台机器故障

注：为了节省机器，这里与K8s节点机器复用。也能够独立于k8s集群以外部署，只要apiserver能链接到就行。

2.2准备cfssl证书生成工具

cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具，使用json文件生成证书，相比openssl更方便使用。
找任意一台服务器操做，这里用Master节点。
---
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo
---

2.3 生成Etcd证书

1. 自签证书颁发机构（CA）

建立工做目录：

mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}

cd TLS/etcd

自签CA：

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

2. 使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书

建立证书申请文件：

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.100.11",
    "192.168.100.12",
    "192.168.100.13",
    "192.168.100.14",
    "192.168.100.15",
    "192.168.100.16",
    "192.168.100.17",
    "192.168.100.100"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书：
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

2.4 从Github下载二进制文件

下载地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz

如下在节点1上操做，为简化操做，待会将节点1生成的全部文件拷贝到节点2和节点3.

1. 建立工做目录并解压二进制包

mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

2.5 建立etcd配置文件

cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.100.11:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.100.12:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.100.13:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

---
ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中惟一
ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通讯监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群

2.6. systemd管理etcd

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

4. 拷贝刚才生成的证书

把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径：
cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/

5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd

scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.100.12:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.100.12:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.100.13:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.100.13:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

而后在节点2和节点3分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP：
vi /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"   # 修改此处，节点2改成etcd-2，节点3改成etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2380"   # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2380" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.100.11:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.100.11:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.100.12:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.100.13:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

最后启动etcd并设置开机启动，同上。

ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.100.11:2379,https://192.168.100.12:2379,https://192.168.100.13:2379" endpoint health

若是输出上面信息，就说明集群部署成功。若是有问题第一步先看日志：/var/log/message 或 journalctl -u etcd

3、安装Docker

下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz

如下在全部节点操做。这里采用二进制安装，用yum安装也同样。
在 node01.flyfish,node02.flyfish 与 node03.flyfish 节点上面安装

3.1 解压二进制包

tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin

3.2 systemd管理docker

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

3.3 建立配置文件

mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

registry-mirrors 阿里云镜像加速器

3.4 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

4、部署Master Node

4.1 生成kube-apiserver证书

1. 自签证书颁发机构（CA）

cd /root/TLS/k8s/

---
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

---

2. 使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
建立证书申请文件：

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.100.11",
      "192.168.100.12",
      "192.168.100.13",
      "192.168.100.14",
      "192.168.100.15",
      "192.168.100.16",
      "192.168.100.17",
      "192.168.100.100",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为全部Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容能够多写几个预留的IP。

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

4.2 从Github下载二进制文件

下载地址： https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.18.md#v1183

注：打开连接你会发现里面有不少包，下载一个server包就够了，包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。

4.3 解压二进制包

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

4.4 部署kube-apiserver

1. 建立配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.100.11:2379,https://192.168.100.12:2379,https://192.168.100.13:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.100.11 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.100.11 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

---
注：上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符，第二个是换行符，使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。
–logtostderr：启用日志
—v：日志等级
–log-dir：日志目录
–etcd-servers：etcd集群地址
–bind-address：监听地址
–secure-port：https安全端口
–advertise-address：集群通告地址
–allow-privileged：启用受权
–service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段
–enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块
–authorization-mode：认证受权，启用RBAC受权和节点自管理
–enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制
–token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件
–service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围
–kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书
–tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书
–etcd-xxxfile：链接Etcd集群证书
–audit-log-xxx：审计日志
---

2. 拷贝刚才生成的证书

把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径：
cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

3. 启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制

TLS Bootstraping：Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通讯，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才能够，当Node节点不少时，这种客户端证书颁发须要大量工做，一样也会增长集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。因此强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式，目前主要用于kubelet，kube-proxy仍是由咱们统一颁发一个证书。

TLS bootstraping 工做流程：

建立上述配置文件中token文件：

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF

格式：token，用户名，UID，用户组

token也可自行生成替换：

head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '

4. systemd管理apiserver

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

5. 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver

6. 受权kubelet-bootstrap用户容许请求证书

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

4.5 部署kube-controller-manager

1. 建立配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

–master：经过本地非安全本地端口8080链接apiserver。
–leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
–cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致

2. systemd管理controller-manager

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

3. 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

4.6 部署kube-scheduler
1. 建立配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

–master：经过本地非安全本地端口8080链接apiserver。
–leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

2. systemd管理scheduler

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

3. 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

4. 查看集群状态

全部组件都已经启动成功，经过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态：

kubectl get cs

如上输出说明Master节点组件运行正常。

5、部署Worker Node

下面仍是在Master Node上操做，即同时做为Worker Node

5.1 建立工做目录并拷贝二进制文件

在全部worker node建立工做目录：

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}

从master节点拷贝

cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin   # 本地拷贝

在master 节点上面执行

5.2 部署kubelet
1. 建立配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=node01.flyfish \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

-----
–hostname-override：显示名称，集群中惟一
–network-plugin：启用CNI
–kubeconfig：空路径，会自动生成，后面用于链接apiserver
–bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次启动向apiserver申请证书
–config：配置参数文件
–cert-dir：kubelet证书生成目录
–pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod网络容器的镜像

---

2. 配置参数文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

在 server节点上面执行

3. 生成bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
写一个boot.sh 脚本 把下面的内容放进去
---

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.100.11:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 与token.csv里保持一致

# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
---

. ./boot.sh

拷贝到配置文件路径：

cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg

4. systemd管理kubelet

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

5.3 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群
# 查看kubelet证书请求
kubectl get csr

# 批准申请

kubectl certificate approve node-csr--vTFwyeAv5dSatbGrgpJptwQ5Fc_WvLpmYgdQN4bvaI

注：因为网络插件尚未部署，节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

5.4 部署kube-proxy
1. 建立配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

2. 配置参数文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: node01.flyfish
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF

# 切换工做目录
cd TLS/k8s

# 建立证书请求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF
---
# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

ls kube-proxy*pem
kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem

cp -p kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

生成kubeconfig文件：
cd /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
vim kubeconfig.sh 
---
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.100.11:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
---

. ./kubeconfig.sh

cp -p kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/

4. systemd管理kube-proxy

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

5. 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

5.5 部署CNI网络

先准备好CNI二进制文件：

下载地址：https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz

解压二进制包并移动到默认工做目录：
mkdir /opt/cni/bin -p
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin

部署CNI网络：

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.yml

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

kubectl get pods -n kube-system

部署好网络插件，Node准备就绪。

kubectl get node

5.6 受权apiserver访问kubelet

cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
      - pods/log
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kube-apiserver
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF
---

kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

5.7 新增长Worker Node

1. 拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点

在master节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点192.168.100.13 上面

scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.100.12:/opt/

scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.100.12:/usr/lib/systemd/system

scp -r /opt/cni/ root@192.168.100.12:/opt/

scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.100.12:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

2. 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件
rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

3. 修改主机名

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=node02.flyfish

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: node02.flyfish

4. 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

5. 在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请

kubectl get csr

kubectl certificate approve node-csr-qFbDvbTwo9SP2ZEDyiKfXCBGxO4n4Qe7FCehyPKiXNc

增长一个 work节点：

增长 一个 work节点：

   scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.100.13:/opt/

scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.100.13:/usr/lib/systemd/system

scp -r /opt/cni/ root@192.168.100.13:/opt/

scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.100.13:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

2. 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件
rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

3. 修改主机名

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=node03.flyfish

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: node03.flyfish

4. 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

5. 在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请

kubectl get csr

kubectl certificate approve node-csr-5ZsKjw2Udxrc97q4MtShig83PUJww7E3y_2mpvkMZr0

kubectl get node

6、部署Dashboard和CoreDNS

6.1 部署Dashboard

$ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta8/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问，修改Service为NodePort类型，暴露到外部：

vim recommended.yaml
----
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 30001
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
----

kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard

访问地址：https://NodeIP:30001

建立service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色：

kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

6.2 部署CoreDNS

CoreDNS用于集群内部Service名称解析。
kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml

DNS解析测试：

kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh

nslookup kubernetes

kubernetes 1.18.3 版本 二进制部署

kubernetes 1.18.3 版本 二进制部署

一： 系统环境介绍二： 部署Etcd集群三： 安装docker四： 部署k8s Master Node五： 部署k8s Worker Node六： 部署Dashboard和CoreDNS

一： 系统环境介绍

1.1 环境准备

1.2 软件环境：

1.3 环境规划

1.4 单Master架构图：

1.5 单Master服务器规划：

1.6 操做系统初始化配置

2、部署Etcd集群

2.1 ETCD 集群的概念

2.2准备cfssl证书生成工具

2.3 生成Etcd证书

2.4 从Github下载二进制文件

2.5 建立etcd配置文件

2.6. systemd管理etcd

3、安装Docker

4、部署Master Node

5、部署Worker Node

增长 一个 work节点：

6、部署Dashboard和CoreDNS

6.2 部署CoreDNS

kubernetes 1.18.3 版本二进制部署

kubernetes 1.18.3 版本二进制部署

一：系统环境介绍
二：部署Etcd集群
三：安装docker
四：部署k8s Master Node
五：部署k8s Worker Node
六：部署Dashboard和CoreDNS

一：系统环境介绍

增长一个 work节点：