百度登陆协议分析
登陆百度前须要先获取必要的Cookies 和一些参数 Token, CodeStringhtml
首先，要获取的是 BAIDUID Cookie，若是没有这个 Cookie，那么Token和CodeString就不可以获取。
获取 BAIDUID Cookie 很简单,打开百度首页,百度服务器就会返回 BAIDUID Cookie。
其次，获取 Token 和 CodeStrin，Token 是登陆百度时Post 中的一个参数，CodeString 是获取验码时会用到。经过访问url
https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&tpl=ik&apiver=v3&tt=1371883487&class=loginweb
URL 地址其中几个参数的意义：
tpl 不知道是作什么用，一是固定的写 ik 就能够了
apiver 的值是固定的 API的版本号
tt 是时间戳
class 动做类别，登陆时是login，注册百度账号时是reg
服务器会返回 Json 结构的数据,其中包含了 Token 和 CodeString:
{
"errInfo": {
"no": "0"
},
"data": {
"rememberedUserName": "",
"codeString": "",
"token": "d45f26cf74aa65c3088f699b8791f9eb",
"cookie": "1"
}
}
"errInfo": {
"no": "0"
},
"data": {
"rememberedUserName": "",
"codeString": "",
"token": "d45f26cf74aa65c3088f699b8791f9eb",
"cookie": "1"
}
}
codeString 通常为空，若是不为空，那么登陆时就须要验证码。因此能够根据这个值进行判断登陆时是须要验证码。获取验证码的URL:
https://passport.baidu.com/cgi-bin/genimage? //?后跟CodeString的值json
解析 Json 有不少方法，若是使用 C# 能够使用 Newtonsoft.Json 库，很方便实用的一个Json库。具体用法就不详细讲了，Newtonsoft.Json下载地址：
http://json.codeplex.com/
有了 Token 和 CodeString 就能够登陆百度了。登陆URL: https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?loginapi
登陆百度须要Post 一些参数，下面讲一下:
staticpage 登陆后一个跳转地址
charset 大概是要求服务器返回数据的编码，没有仔细深究
token 就不用说了
tpl,
apiver 上面说过了
tt 是时间戳
codestring 就是上面的获取的CodeString，若是没要求验证码，就为空。
isPhone 若是用手机号码登陆则ture 不然为 false
safeflg，
u 这两个没弄明白什么意思
username 就是百度账号啦
password 是密码，明文，没有加密
verifycode 是验证码，若是没要求验证码，就为空。
mem_pass 应该是记住密码，通常固定为 on
ppui_logintime，
callback 就固定为上面图片上的值就能够了
只要Post 上面的数据到 URL https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login 就能够实现登陆。
下面再看看登陆后服务器返回的数据:
返回的数据中咱们只要看 err_no 就能够了，err_no 是错误号，若是err_no＝0 就说明登陆成功，若是不是0那就登陆失败。 服务器
下面是源码:cookie
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
namespace LoginBAIDU
{
class Program
{
CookieCollection cookies = new CookieCollection();
CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer();
string username = " asdkf1956@163.com ";
string password = " test1956 ";
string Token = "";
string CodeString = "";
private string Accept = " */* ";
private string UserAgent = " Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/27.0.1453.94 Safari/537.36 ";
private string Referer = "";
private string ContentType = " application/x-www-form-urlencoded ";
private void Run()
{
string html = "";
// 访问百度首页，获取 BAIDUID Cookie
GetPageByGet( " http://www.baidu.com ", Encoding.UTF8);
// 获取 Token, CodeString
GetTokenAndCodeString();
// 登陆百度
Login(username, password);
PrintCookies();
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取 Token & CodeString
/// </summary>
private void GetTokenAndCodeString()
{
Console.WriteLine( " ---------------------------------Get Token-------------------------------------- ");
string url = string.Format( " https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&tpl=ik&apiver=v3&tt={0}&class=login ", Utility.GetCurrentTimeStamp());
string html = GetPageByGet(url, Encoding.UTF8);
Console.WriteLine(url);
ResultData result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ResultData>(html);
if (result.ErrInfo.no == " 0 ") {
Token = result.Data.Token;
CodeString = result.Data.CodeString;
}
Console.WriteLine( " Token:{0} ", Token);
Console.WriteLine( " CodeString:{0} ", CodeString);
Console.WriteLine( " -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ");
}
private void Login( string username, string password)
{
string loginUrl = " https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login ";
Dictionary< string, string> postData = new Dictionary< string, string>();
postData.Add( " staticpage ", " http://zhidao.baidu.com/static/html/v3Jump_bf2a8d6e.html ");
postData.Add( " charset ", " GBK ");
postData.Add( " token ", Token);
postData.Add( " tpl ", " ik ");
postData.Add( " apiver ", " v3 ");
postData.Add( " tt ", Utility.GetCurrentTimeStamp().ToString());
postData.Add( " codestring ", "");
postData.Add( " isPhone ", " false ");
postData.Add( " safeflg ", " 0 ");
postData.Add( " u ", " http://www.baidu.com/ ");
postData.Add( " username ", username);
postData.Add( " password ", password);
postData.Add( " verifycode ", "");
postData.Add( " mem_pass ", " on ");
postData.Add( " ppui_logintime ", " 22429 ");
postData.Add( " callback ", " parent.bd__pcbs__7doo5q ");
string html = GetPageByPost(loginUrl, postData, Encoding.UTF8);
Console.WriteLine(html);
}
/// <summary>
/// 打印 Cookies
/// </summary>
private void PrintCookies()
{
Console.WriteLine( " ---------------------------------Cookies---------------------------------------- ");
foreach (Cookie cookie in cookies) {
Console.WriteLine( " {0}: {1} Domain: {2} ", cookie.Name, cookie.Value, cookie.Domain);
}
Console.WriteLine( " -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ");
}
private void GetMyAsk()
{
string getAskUrl = " http://zhidao.baidu.com/uhome/ask ";
string html = GetPageByGet(getAskUrl, Encoding.GetEncoding( " GBK "));
Console.WriteLine(html);
}
/// <summary>
/// 以 Post 方式提交网页数据,得到服务器返回的数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"> Url </param>
/// <param name="postData"> Post 数据 </param>
/// <param name="encoder"> 网页编码 </param>
/// <returns> 服务器返回的数据 </returns>
private string GetPageByPost( string url, Dictionary< string, string> postData, Encoding encoder)
{
string html = "";
HttpWebRequest webReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
webReq.CookieContainer = cc;
webReq.Method = " POST ";
webReq.Accept = this.Accept;
webReq.UserAgent = this.UserAgent;
webReq.Referer = this.Referer;
Stream reqStream = null;
if (postData != null && postData.Count > 0) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
foreach (KeyValuePair< string, string> kv in postData) {
sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(kv.Key));
sb.Append( " = ");
sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(kv.Value));
sb.Append( " & ");
}
byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sb.ToString().TrimEnd( ' & '));
webReq.ContentType = ContentType;
webReq.ContentLength = data.Length;
reqStream = webReq.GetRequestStream();
reqStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
if (reqStream != null) {
reqStream.Close();
}
}
HttpWebResponse webResp = (HttpWebResponse)webReq.GetResponse();
cookies.Add(webResp.Cookies);
Stream stream = webResp.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream, encoder);
html = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
stream.Close();
return html;
}
private string GetPageByGet( string url, Encoding encoder)
{
string html = "";
HttpWebRequest webReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
webReq.CookieContainer = cc;
webReq.Method = " GET ";
HttpWebResponse webResp = (HttpWebResponse)webReq.GetResponse();
cookies.Add(webResp.Cookies);
Stream stream = webResp.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream, encoder);
html = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
stream.Close();
return html;
}
static void Main( string[] args)
{
new Program().Run();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
namespace LoginBAIDU
{
class Program
{
CookieCollection cookies = new CookieCollection();
CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer();
string username = " asdkf1956@163.com ";
string password = " test1956 ";
string Token = "";
string CodeString = "";
private string Accept = " */* ";
private string UserAgent = " Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/27.0.1453.94 Safari/537.36 ";
private string Referer = "";
private string ContentType = " application/x-www-form-urlencoded ";
private void Run()
{
string html = "";
// 访问百度首页，获取 BAIDUID Cookie
GetPageByGet( " http://www.baidu.com ", Encoding.UTF8);
// 获取 Token, CodeString
GetTokenAndCodeString();
// 登陆百度
Login(username, password);
PrintCookies();
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取 Token & CodeString
/// </summary>
private void GetTokenAndCodeString()
{
Console.WriteLine( " ---------------------------------Get Token-------------------------------------- ");
string url = string.Format( " https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&tpl=ik&apiver=v3&tt={0}&class=login ", Utility.GetCurrentTimeStamp());
string html = GetPageByGet(url, Encoding.UTF8);
Console.WriteLine(url);
ResultData result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ResultData>(html);
if (result.ErrInfo.no == " 0 ") {
Token = result.Data.Token;
CodeString = result.Data.CodeString;
}
Console.WriteLine( " Token:{0} ", Token);
Console.WriteLine( " CodeString:{0} ", CodeString);
Console.WriteLine( " -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ");
}
private void Login( string username, string password)
{
string loginUrl = " https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login ";
Dictionary< string, string> postData = new Dictionary< string, string>();
postData.Add( " staticpage ", " http://zhidao.baidu.com/static/html/v3Jump_bf2a8d6e.html ");
postData.Add( " charset ", " GBK ");
postData.Add( " token ", Token);
postData.Add( " tpl ", " ik ");
postData.Add( " apiver ", " v3 ");
postData.Add( " tt ", Utility.GetCurrentTimeStamp().ToString());
postData.Add( " codestring ", "");
postData.Add( " isPhone ", " false ");
postData.Add( " safeflg ", " 0 ");
postData.Add( " u ", " http://www.baidu.com/ ");
postData.Add( " username ", username);
postData.Add( " password ", password);
postData.Add( " verifycode ", "");
postData.Add( " mem_pass ", " on ");
postData.Add( " ppui_logintime ", " 22429 ");
postData.Add( " callback ", " parent.bd__pcbs__7doo5q ");
string html = GetPageByPost(loginUrl, postData, Encoding.UTF8);
Console.WriteLine(html);
}
/// <summary>
/// 打印 Cookies
/// </summary>
private void PrintCookies()
{
Console.WriteLine( " ---------------------------------Cookies---------------------------------------- ");
foreach (Cookie cookie in cookies) {
Console.WriteLine( " {0}: {1} Domain: {2} ", cookie.Name, cookie.Value, cookie.Domain);
}
Console.WriteLine( " -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ");
}
private void GetMyAsk()
{
string getAskUrl = " http://zhidao.baidu.com/uhome/ask ";
string html = GetPageByGet(getAskUrl, Encoding.GetEncoding( " GBK "));
Console.WriteLine(html);
}
/// <summary>
/// 以 Post 方式提交网页数据,得到服务器返回的数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"> Url </param>
/// <param name="postData"> Post 数据 </param>
/// <param name="encoder"> 网页编码 </param>
/// <returns> 服务器返回的数据 </returns>
private string GetPageByPost( string url, Dictionary< string, string> postData, Encoding encoder)
{
string html = "";
HttpWebRequest webReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
webReq.CookieContainer = cc;
webReq.Method = " POST ";
webReq.Accept = this.Accept;
webReq.UserAgent = this.UserAgent;
webReq.Referer = this.Referer;
Stream reqStream = null;
if (postData != null && postData.Count > 0) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
foreach (KeyValuePair< string, string> kv in postData) {
sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(kv.Key));
sb.Append( " = ");
sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(kv.Value));
sb.Append( " & ");
}
byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sb.ToString().TrimEnd( ' & '));
webReq.ContentType = ContentType;
webReq.ContentLength = data.Length;
reqStream = webReq.GetRequestStream();
reqStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
if (reqStream != null) {
reqStream.Close();
}
}
HttpWebResponse webResp = (HttpWebResponse)webReq.GetResponse();
cookies.Add(webResp.Cookies);
Stream stream = webResp.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream, encoder);
html = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
stream.Close();
return html;
}
private string GetPageByGet( string url, Encoding encoder)
{
string html = "";
HttpWebRequest webReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
webReq.CookieContainer = cc;
webReq.Method = " GET ";
HttpWebResponse webResp = (HttpWebResponse)webReq.GetResponse();
cookies.Add(webResp.Cookies);
Stream stream = webResp.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream, encoder);
html = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
stream.Close();
return html;
}
static void Main( string[] args)
{
new Program().Run();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
} app
运行结果:
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