以前在zookeeper介绍时,有提到过zookeeper的应用场景有服务器上下线动态感知、分布式共享锁等等。本节博主将为你们提供一个分布式服务动态感知的事例,在后期博主的开源项目中的本身开发远程分布式框架rpc服务也将使用。因此,你们必定要掌握这块知识点。java
对于还不清楚动态感知原理的请先看以前的文章大数据教程(3.3):zookeeper简介。apache
(1)分布式服务端注册centos
package com.empire.zookeeper.test.em_zookeeper.zkdist; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids; import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; public class DistributedServer { private static final String connectString = "centos-aaron-07:2181,centos-aaron-08:2181,centos-aaron-16:2181"; private static final int sessionTimeout = 2000; private static final String parentNode = "/servers"; private CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1); private ZooKeeper zk = null; /** * 建立到zk的客户端链接 * * @throws Exception */ public void getConnect() throws Exception { zk = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent event) { // 收到事件通知后的回调函数(应该是咱们本身的事件处理逻辑) System.out.println(event.getType() + "---" + event.getPath()); try { zk.getChildren("/", true); connectedSemaphore.countDown(); } catch (Exception e) { } } }); connectedSemaphore.await(); } /** * 向zk集群注册服务器信息 * * @param hostname * @throws Exception */ public void registerServer(String hostname) throws Exception { Stat stat = zk.exists(parentNode, false); System.out.println(stat==null?"not exist":"exist"); if(stat==null) { String parentNodeCreate = zk.create(parentNode , null, Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT); } String create = zk.create(parentNode + "/server", hostname.getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL); System.out.println(hostname + "is online.." + create); } /** * 业务功能 * * @throws InterruptedException */ public void handleBussiness(String hostname) throws InterruptedException { System.out.println(hostname + "start working....."); Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // 获取zk链接 DistributedServer server = new DistributedServer(); server.getConnect(); // 利用zk链接注册服务器信息 server.registerServer(args[0]); // 启动业务功能 server.handleBussiness(args[0]); } }
(2)分布式客户端感知服务状态服务器
package com.empire.zookeeper.test.em_zookeeper.zkdist; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; public class DistributedClient { private static final String connectString = "centos-aaron-07:2181,centos-aaron-08:2181,centos-aaron-16:2181"; private static final int sessionTimeout = 2000; private static final String parentNode = "/servers"; // 注意:加volatile的意义何在? private volatile List<String> serverList; private CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1); private ZooKeeper zk = null; /** * 建立到zk的客户端链接 * * @throws Exception */ public void getConnect() throws Exception { zk = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent event) { // 收到事件通知后的回调函数(应该是咱们本身的事件处理逻辑) try { //从新更新服务器列表,而且注册了监听 getServerList(); connectedSemaphore.countDown(); } catch (Exception e) { } } }); connectedSemaphore.await(); } /** * 获取服务器信息列表 * * @throws Exception */ public void getServerList() throws Exception { // 获取服务器子节点信息,而且对父节点进行监听 List<String> children = zk.getChildren(parentNode, true); // 先建立一个局部的list来存服务器信息 List<String> servers = new ArrayList<String>(); for (String child : children) { // child只是子节点的节点名 byte[] data = zk.getData(parentNode + "/" + child, false, null); servers.add(new String(data)); } // 把servers赋值给成员变量serverList,已提供给各业务线程使用 serverList = servers; //打印服务器列表 System.out.println(serverList); } /** * 业务功能 * * @throws InterruptedException */ public void handleBussiness() throws InterruptedException { System.out.println("client start working....."); Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // 获取zk链接 DistributedClient client = new DistributedClient(); client.getConnect(); // 获取servers的子节点信息(并监听),从中获取服务器信息列表 client.getServerList(); // 业务线程启动 client.handleBussiness(); } }
注意点:在启动server端上线时,须要输入启动参数hostname来启动,该值用来惟一标识当前上线的是哪台服务。session
最后总结:其实分布式服务动态感知主要运行zookeeper的短暂节点的的特性(服务器下线,zookeeper会自动删除该服务器对于的临时节点信息,并通知其它监听了该节点变化的客户端)来实现感知动态下线,以及zookeeper的节点监听事件功能来实现感知服务动态上线。框架
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