android -------- WIFI 详解

时间 2019-11-10

原文原文链接

今天简单的来聊一下安卓开发中的Wifi，一些经常使用的基础，主要分为两部分:java

1：WiFi的信息 android

2：WiFi的搜索和链接git

如今app大多都须要从网络上得到数据。因此访问网络是在所不免。可是在访问网络以前，咱们应该先作一下网络的状态判断。其实在访问网络以前咱们要作一些状态判断，对应一些状态判断来作处理，并非直接使用Http访问网络便可。github

不少人在开发就常常把网络这块直接跳过，直接访问网络，一旦断网，各类体验效果很差，不是说app无法用，只是体验效果差。还有，就是咱们可能为用户考虑，由于如今通常连网是wifi和手机流量，都知道后者收费是比较高的。假如咱们的app加载的图片或者有大的数据下载操做，但是用户的本意是要是在流量下的话就不要操做这些很费流量的的操做，这样就必需要咱们作一些连网状态的判断。网络是否链接良好，链接的wifi仍是流量，断网或者网络改变了的时候怎么作，这都是一些细节，可是要注意处理。网络

WIFI开发的三个类和功能描述：架构

类名	功能
WifiManager	wifi统一管理类，进行各类wifi操做
WifiInfo	描述当前链接的wifi热点信息
WifiConfiguration	wifi网络配置信息

WiFI的信息

获取链接WIFI的信息app

WifiManager mWifiManager=(WifiManager) this.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
  WifiInfo    mWifiInfo=mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();

getBSSID() 获取BSSID,在手机WIFI中，就是MAC地址框架

getSSID() 获取SSID测试

getDetailedStateOf() 获取客户端的连通性ui

getHiddenSSID() 得到SSID是否被隐藏

getIpAddress() 获取IP地址

getLinkSpeed() 得到链接的速度

getMacAddress() 得到Mac地址

getRssi() 得到802.11n网络的信号

getSupplicanState() 返回具体客户端状态的信息

如图（简单的测试）：

WiFi的搜索和链接

搜索WiFi用ListView列表显示WiFi列表，点击输入密码链接WiFi，

初始链接的的WiFi

以后（过程能够看到状态栏的WiFI改变）

重要的代码

// 定义WifiManager对象
    private WifiManager mWifiManager;
    // 定义WifiInfo对象
    private WifiInfo mWifiInfo;
    // 扫描出的网络链接列表
    private List<ScanResult> mWifiList;
    // 网络链接列表
    private List<WifiConfiguration> mWifiConfiguration;
    // 定义一个WifiLock
    WifiManager.WifiLock mWifiLock;

    // 构造器
    public WifiAdmin(Context context) {
        // 取得WifiManager对象
        mWifiManager = (WifiManager) context
                .getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
        // 取得WifiInfo对象
        mWifiInfo = mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
    }

    // 打开WIFI
    public void openWifi(Context context) {
        if (!mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
            mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
        }else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 2) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"亲，Wifi正在开启，不用再开了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(context,"亲，Wifi已经开启,不用再开了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 关闭WIFI
    public void closeWifi(Context context) {
        if (mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
            mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(false);
        }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 1){
            Toast.makeText(context,"亲，Wifi已经关闭，不用再关了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 0) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"亲，Wifi正在关闭，不用再关了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(context,"请从新关闭", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 检查当前WIFI状态
    public void checkState(Context context) {
        if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 0) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi正在关闭", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 1) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi已经关闭", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 2) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi正在开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 3) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi已经开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(context,"没有获取到WiFi状态", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 锁定WifiLock
    public void acquireWifiLock() {
        mWifiLock.acquire();
    }

    // 解锁WifiLock
    public void releaseWifiLock() {
        // 判断时候锁定
        if (mWifiLock.isHeld()) {
            mWifiLock.acquire();
        }
    }

    // 建立一个WifiLock
    public void creatWifiLock() {
        mWifiLock = mWifiManager.createWifiLock("Test");
    }

    // 获得配置好的网络
    public List<WifiConfiguration> getConfiguration() {
        return mWifiConfiguration;
    }

    // 指定配置好的网络进行链接
    public void connectConfiguration(int index) {
        // 索引大于配置好的网络索引返回
        if (index > mWifiConfiguration.size()) {
            return;
        }
        // 链接配置好的指定ID的网络
        mWifiManager.enableNetwork(mWifiConfiguration.get(index).networkId,
                true);
    }

    public void startScan(Context context) {
        /*mWifiManager.startScan();
        // 获得扫描结果
        mWifiList = mWifiManager.getScanResults();
        // 获得配置好的网络链接
        mWifiConfiguration = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        if (mWifiList == null) {
            if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==3){
                Toast.makeText(context,"当前区域没有无线网络", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==2){
                Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi正在开启，请稍后从新点击扫描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else{
                Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi没有开启，没法扫描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }*/

        mWifiManager.startScan();
        //获得扫描结果
        List<ScanResult> results = mWifiManager.getScanResults();
        // 获得配置好的网络链接
        mWifiConfiguration = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        if (results == null) {
            if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==3){
                Toast.makeText(context,"当前区域没有无线网络",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==2){
                Toast.makeText(context,"wifi正在开启，请稍后扫描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else{Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi没有开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        } else {
            mWifiList = new ArrayList();
            for(ScanResult result : results){
                if (result.SSID == null || result.SSID.length() == 0 || result.capabilities.contains("[IBSS]")) {
                    continue;
                }
                boolean found = false;
                for(ScanResult item:mWifiList){
                    if(item.SSID.equals(result.SSID)&&item.capabilities.equals(result.capabilities)){
                        found = true;break;
                    }
                }
                if(!found){
                    mWifiList.add(result);
                }
            }
        }


    }

    // 获得网络列表
    public List<ScanResult> getWifiList() {
        return mWifiList;
    }

    // 查看扫描结果
    public StringBuilder lookUpScan() {
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < mWifiList.size(); i++) {
            stringBuilder
                    .append("Index_" + new Integer(i + 1).toString() + ":");
            // 将ScanResult信息转换成一个字符串包
            // 其中把包括：BSSID、SSID、capabilities、frequency、level
            stringBuilder.append((mWifiList.get(i)).toString());
            stringBuilder.append("/n");
        }
        return stringBuilder;
    }

    // 获得MAC地址
    public String getMacAddress() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.getMacAddress();
    }

    // 获得接入点的BSSID
    public String getBSSID() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.getBSSID();
    }

    // 获得IP地址
    public int getIPAddress() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? 0 : mWifiInfo.getIpAddress();
    }

    // 获得链接的ID
    public int getNetworkId() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? 0 : mWifiInfo.getNetworkId();
    }

    // 获得WifiInfo的全部信息包
    public String getWifiInfo() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.toString();
    }

    // 添加一个网络并链接
    public void addNetwork(WifiConfiguration wcg) {
        int wcgID = mWifiManager.addNetwork(wcg);
        boolean b =  mWifiManager.enableNetwork(wcgID, true);
        System.out.println("a--" + wcgID);
        System.out.println("b--" + b);
    }

    // 断开指定ID的网络
    public void disconnectWifi(int netId) {
        mWifiManager.disableNetwork(netId);
        mWifiManager.disconnect();
    }
    public void removeWifi(int netId) {
        disconnectWifi(netId);
        mWifiManager.removeNetwork(netId);
    }

//而后是一个实际应用方法，只验证过没有密码的状况：

    public WifiConfiguration CreateWifiInfo(String SSID, String Password, int Type)
    {
        WifiConfiguration config = new WifiConfiguration();
        config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.clear();
        config.allowedGroupCiphers.clear();
        config.allowedKeyManagement.clear();
        config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.clear();
        config.allowedProtocols.clear();
        config.SSID = "\"" + SSID + "\"";

        WifiConfiguration tempConfig = this.IsExsits(SSID);
        if(tempConfig != null) {
            mWifiManager.removeNetwork(tempConfig.networkId);
        }

        if(Type == 1) //WIFICIPHER_NOPASS
        {
            config.wepKeys[0] = "";
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.NONE);
            config.wepTxKeyIndex = 0;
        }
        if(Type == 2) //WIFICIPHER_WEP
        {
            config.hiddenSSID = true;
            config.wepKeys[0]= "\""+Password+"\"";
            config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.SHARED);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.CCMP);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.TKIP);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.WEP40);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.WEP104);
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.NONE);
            config.wepTxKeyIndex = 0;
        }
        if(Type == 3) //WIFICIPHER_WPA
        {
            config.preSharedKey = "\""+Password+"\"";
            config.hiddenSSID = true;
            config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.OPEN);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.TKIP);
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.WPA_PSK);
            config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.TKIP);
            //config.allowedProtocols.set(WifiConfiguration.Protocol.WPA);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.CCMP);
            config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.CCMP);
            config.status = WifiConfiguration.Status.ENABLED;
        }
        return config;
    }

    private WifiConfiguration IsExsits(String SSID)
    {
        List<WifiConfiguration> existingConfigs = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        for (WifiConfiguration existingConfig : existingConfigs)
        {
            if (existingConfig.SSID.equals("\""+SSID+"\""))
            {
                return existingConfig;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

其余参考资料

WIFI系统和系统架构总结： https://blog.csdn.net/liuhaomatou/article/details/40398753

Android Wifi框架流程分析： https://blog.csdn.net/King1425/article/details/68928558

源码地址： https://github.com/DickyQie/android-wifi