Android RecyclerView多类型布局卡片解决方案

背景

随着公司业务愈来愈复杂，在同一个列表中须要展现各类类型的数据。

整体结构

• ItemViewAdapter： 每种类型的卡片分别都是不一样的ItemViewAdapter
• ItemViewAdapterFactory： 使用ItemViewAdapterFactory根据不一样数据对应不一样的ItemViewAdapter
• MultiRecyclerViewAdapter： MultiRecyclerViewAdapter就是RecylerView.Adapter,并是个ItemViewAdapterFactory。 具体只要继承MultiRecyclerViewAdapter便可，实现ItemViewAdapterFactory中getViewType、onCreateItemViewAdapter两个方法
• ContextMap： 整个Adapter共用一个ContextMap数据上下文，用于外部（例Fragment等）与ItemAdapter交互、ItemAdapter之间交互等一系列数据传递，能够解决参数层层传递的问题
• RecyclerViewHolder： 通用RecyclerView.ViewHolder，封装根据id获取view方法getView(viewId)、获取数据上下文方法getContextMap()

使用方法

• 每种类型卡片Item都实现ItemViewAdapter

package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.support.annotation.LayoutRes;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import java.util.List;

/** * 列表单项布局与数据绑定 * Created by luokanghui on 2017/5/24. */
public abstract class ItemViewAdapter<E>{

    /** * 返回列表单项View，若是View由资源layout加载而来，直接重写{@link #onGetLayoutId()}便可 * @param parent 父view，通常为RecyclerView * @return 列表单项View */
    public View onCreateView(ViewGroup parent){
        return LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(onGetLayoutId()
                , parent, false);
    }

    /** * 当RecyclerViewHolder建立成功后调用，只会调用一次 * @param viewHolder 单项view集合 */
    public void onCreate(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder){

    }

    /** * 返回单项布局的资源id，若是重写了{@link #onCreateView(ViewGroup)}，则此方法可能失效 * @return 单项布局layout id */
    @LayoutRes
    protected abstract int onGetLayoutId();

    /** * 把数据与view进行绑定，滑动时都会调用 * @param viewHolder 单项view集合 * @param data 具体数据 * @param position 在列表中的位置 */
    public abstract void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, E data, int position);

    /** * 局部更新时调用 * @param viewHolder 单项view集合 * @param data 具体数据 * @param position 在列表中的位置 * @param payloads 局部更新标志，不会为空（isEmpty()==false) */
    public void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, E data, int position, List<Object> payloads){

    }
}
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卡片1：

package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

import android.widget.TextView;

import com.lkh.multiadapter.ItemViewAdapter;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.R;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.RecyclerViewHolder;

/** * 卡片1实现 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18 */
public class SampleOneItemViewAdapter extends ItemViewAdapter<DataOne> {
    @Override
    protected int onGetLayoutId() {
        //布局layout资源id
        return R.layout.item_one;
    }

    @Override
    public void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, DataOne data, int position) {
        //根据id获取view
        TextView tvContent = viewHolder.getView(R.id.tv_content);
        //数据绑定
        tvContent.setText(data.getContent());
    }
}
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package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

/** * 卡片1数据 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18 */
public class DataOne {
    private String content;

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }
}
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item_one.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="#eeeeee" android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="卡片1" android:textColor="#000000" />

    <TextView android:id="@+id/tv_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="50dp" android:gravity="center" android:textColor="#000000" />

</LinearLayout>
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卡片2

package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

import android.widget.TextView;

import com.lkh.multiadapter.ItemViewAdapter;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.R;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.RecyclerViewHolder;

/** * 卡片2实现 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18 */
public class SampleTwoItemViewAdapter extends ItemViewAdapter<DataTwo> {
    @Override
    protected int onGetLayoutId() {
        //布局layout资源id
        return R.layout.item_two;
    }

    @Override
    public void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, DataTwo data, int position) {
        //根据id获取view
        TextView tvNum = viewHolder.getView(R.id.tv_num);
        //数据绑定
        tvNum.setText("num="+data.getNum());
    }
}
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package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

/** * 卡片2数据 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18 */
public class DataTwo {
    private int num;

    public int getNum() {
        return num;
    }

    public void setNum(int num) {
        this.num = num;
    }
}
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item_two.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="#999999" android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="卡片2" android:textColor="#0000ff" />

    <TextView android:id="@+id/tv_num" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="100dp" android:gravity="center" android:textColor="#0000ff" />

</LinearLayout>
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• 总Adapter，继承MultiRecyclerViewAdapter

package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

import com.lkh.multiadapter.ItemViewAdapter;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.MultiRecyclerViewAdapter;

/** * 多布局adapter，根据不一样data及position，使用不一样ItemViewAdapter卡片 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18 */
public class SampleMultiAdapter extends MultiRecyclerViewAdapter<Object> {
    private static final int TYPE_EMPTY = 0;//空item
    private static final int TYPE_ONE = 1;//卡片1
    private static final int TYPE_TWO = 2;//卡片2

    @Override
    public int getViewType(Object data, int position) {
        if (data instanceof DataOne){//卡片1
            return TYPE_ONE;
        }

        if (data instanceof DataTwo){//卡片2
            return TYPE_TWO;
        }

        return TYPE_EMPTY;//空item
    }

    @Override
    public ItemViewAdapter onCreateItemViewAdapter(int viewType) {
        switch (viewType){
            case TYPE_ONE://卡片1
                return new SampleOneItemViewAdapter();
            case TYPE_TWO://卡片2
                return new SampleTwoItemViewAdapter();
            default://空item
                return new EmptyItemViewAdapter();
        }
    }
}
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• RecyclerView中使用

package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;

import com.lkh.multiadapter.sample.DataOne;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.sample.DataTwo;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.sample.SampleMultiAdapter;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));

        SampleMultiAdapter adapter = new SampleMultiAdapter();

        //设置数据
        adapter.setData(generateData());

        //设置adapter
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);

    }

    //造测试数据
    private List<Object> generateData(){
        List<Object> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i=0; i<20; i++){
            DataOne dataOne = new DataOne();
            dataOne.setContent("这是卡片1数据："+i);
            list.add(dataOne);

            DataTwo dataTwo = new DataTwo();
            dataTwo.setNum(i);
            list.add(dataTwo);
        }
        return list;
    }
}
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activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView android:id="@+id/recycler_view" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</LinearLayout>
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• 运行效果以下：

  

  )

• 总的来讲，实现一个多类型布局列表只须要写多个不一样卡片ItemViewAdapter、继承MultiRecyclerViewAdapter用来控制不一样数据使用不一样ItemViewAdapter，新增一个卡片只须要新增一个ItemViewAdapter，在MultiRecyclerViewAdapter新加一项便可，不会影响其它卡片使用，并且ItemViewAdapter彻底独立，能够很好的复用。

核心代码

package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.List;

/** * 多种布局adapter * Created by luokanghui on 2017/5/24. */

public abstract class MultiRecyclerViewAdapter<E> extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerViewHolder> implements ItemViewAdapterFactory<E> {
    public static final int NO_TYPE = -1;

    private List<E> dataList;

    protected final MapData mMapData = new MapData();

    public MultiRecyclerViewAdapter setData(List<E> list) {
        this.dataList = list;
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public RecyclerViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        ItemViewAdapter itemViewModule = onCreateItemViewAdapter(viewType);
        RecyclerViewHolder recyclerViewHolder = new RecyclerViewHolder(itemViewModule.onCreateView(parent), itemViewModule, this, getContextMap());
        itemViewModule.onCreate(recyclerViewHolder);
        return recyclerViewHolder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerViewHolder holder, int position) {
        if (checkItems(position)) {
            return;
        }
        holder.itemViewAdapter.bindData(holder, dataList.get(position), position);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerViewHolder holder, int position, List<Object> payloads) {
        if (checkItems(position)) {
            return;
        }
        if (payloads.isEmpty()) {
            super.onBindViewHolder(holder, position, payloads);
        } else {
            holder.itemViewAdapter.bindData(holder, dataList.get(position), position, payloads);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {
        if (checkItems(position)) {
            return NO_TYPE;
        }
        return getViewType(dataList.get(position), position);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return dataList == null ? 0 : dataList.size();
    }

    /** * true表示没经过 */
    private boolean checkItems(int position) {
        return dataList == null || position < 0 || position >= dataList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public MapData getContextMap() {
        return mMapData;
    }
}
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package com.lkh.multiadapter;


/** * 多布局ItemViewAdapter建立者 * Created by luokanghui on 2017/5/24. */
public interface ItemViewAdapterFactory<E> {

    /** * 返回ItemViewAdapter的类型 * 建议根据data的数据类型判断不一样的viewType * @param data 具体数据 * @param position 在列表中的位置 * @return 类型 */
    int getViewType(E data, int position);

    /** * 根据不一样的viewType返回不一样的ItemViewAdapter * @param viewType 类型 * @return ItemViewAdapter */
    ItemViewAdapter<? extends E> onCreateItemViewAdapter(int viewType);


    /** * 上下文数据 * @return */
    MapData getContextMap();
}
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package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.SparseArray;
import android.view.View;


/** * ViewHolder基类 */
public final class RecyclerViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

    private final SparseArray<View> views;
    ItemViewAdapter itemViewAdapter;
    private final RecyclerView.Adapter adapter;
    private final MapData mMapData ;


    public RecyclerViewHolder(View itemView, ItemViewAdapter itemViewAdapter, RecyclerView.Adapter adapter, MapData mapData) {
        super(itemView);
        this.views = new SparseArray<>();
        this.itemViewAdapter = itemViewAdapter;
        this.adapter = adapter;
        this.mMapData = mapData;
    }

    /** * 根据id获取view，若是缓存中存在，直接使用缓存中的，避免重复执行findViewById */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T extends View> T getView(int viewId) {
        View view = views.get(viewId);
        if (view == null) {
            view = itemView.findViewById(viewId);
            views.put(viewId, view);
        }
        return (T) view;
    }

    public RecyclerView.Adapter getAdapter(){
        return adapter;
    }

    /** * 获取数据上下文 */
    public MapData getContextMap(){
        return mMapData;
    }


}
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package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.support.annotation.LayoutRes;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.List;

/** * 列表单项布局与数据绑定 * Created by luokanghui on 2017/5/24. */

public abstract class ItemViewAdapter<E>{

    /** * 返回列表单项View，若是View由资源layout加载而来，直接重写{@link #onGetLayoutId()}便可 * @param parent 父view，通常为RecyclerView * @return 列表单项View */
    public View onCreateView(ViewGroup parent){
        return LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(onGetLayoutId()
                , parent, false);
    }

    /** * 当RecyclerViewHolder建立成功后调用，只会调用一次 * @param viewHolder 单项view集合 */
    public void onCreate(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder){

    }

    /** * 返回单项布局的资源id，若是重写了{@link #onCreateView(ViewGroup)}，则此方法可能失效 * @return 单项布局layout id */
    @LayoutRes
    protected abstract int onGetLayoutId();

    /** * 把数据与view进行绑定，滑动时都会调用 * @param viewHolder 单项view集合 * @param data 具体数据 * @param position 在列表中的位置 */
    public abstract void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, E data, int position);

    /** * 局部更新时调用 * @param viewHolder 单项view集合 * @param data 具体数据 * @param position 在列表中的位置 * @param payloads 局部更新标志，不会为空（isEmpty()==false) */
    public void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, E data, int position, List<Object> payloads){

    }
}
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