1.4Python环境准备

操做系统

Linux

osx

推荐使用OSX

全部代码能够放在Linux上运行

IDE & EDITOR

PyCharm

编辑器

Atom 下载后能够直接使用

vim

emacs

推荐使用PyCharm

Python版本 3.4.2

异步部分介绍3.5的'async'和'await'关键字

安装Python

使用pyenv来管理Python环境

安装pyenv, pyenv是使用bash写的

curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yyuu/pyenv-installer/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash

来下载安装

通常会先下载下来，然后检查里面是否有恶意代码，没有则能够执行，这里安装依赖git

mac安装

brew install git

依赖包问题

1.依赖包的安装

yum install zlib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel readline-devel sqlite sqlite-devel openssl-devel

2. configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH

yum install gcc

3. Build failed: "ERROR: The Python zlib extension was not compiled. Missing the zlib?"

CFLAGS="-I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include" pyenv install -v 2.7.6

4. /root/.pyenv/plugins/python-build/bin/python-build: line 1326: patch: command not found

yum install patch

pyenv默认是安装在家目录的.pyenv下

若是要安装在其余目录，能够在安装前使用

export PYENV_ROOT=/PATH 则安装时，会安装到指定的PATH下面

安装好之后，有一些环境变量须要配置

vim ~/.bash_profile

添加下面的内容

#pyenv

#export PYENV_ROOT=/usr/local/opt/pyenv

if which pyenv > /dev/null; then

eval "$(pyenv init -)";

fi

把.bash_profile执行一下

把pyenv命令加入到PATH中

# cat /etc/profile.d/pyenv.sh

export PATH=/root/.pyenv/bin:${PATH}

# . /etc/profile.d/pyenv.sh

pyenv使用

#pyenv install 3.4.2 安装新的Python环境

# pyenv install --list 查看能够安装哪些程序

pyenv全部可用的命令

# pyenv commands

commands

completions

exec

global

help

hooks

init

install

local

prefix

rehash

root

shell

shims

uninstall

version

--version

version-file

version-file-read

version-file-write

version-name

version-origin

versions

whence

which

# pyenv versions

system 系统自带的Python

* 3.4.2 (set by /root/.python-version)

#pyenv local 3.4.2 当前使用及其全部建立的子目录下使用3.4.2的Python

在当前目录下会生成一个.python-version的文件

# cat .python-version

3.4.2

此时pip已经安装好了

# pip -V

pip 1.5.6 from /root/.pyenv/versions/3.4.2/lib/python3.4/site-packages (python 3.4)

#pyenv global 3.4.2 指定全局Python使用3.4.2的版本，任何一个目录没有使用local的话都会使用3.4.2的版本，这对系统上默认安装的软件会有影响的，尽可能不要使用系统自带的Python环境，由于Python版本会跟着系统一块儿升级，升级事后，若是你的项目不支持新版本的Python则会出错。

#pyenv virtualenv virtualenv是一个虚拟环境，Python它是基于set的。virtualenv是用来建立虚拟环境的

# pyenv versions

system

* 3.4.2 (set by /root/.python-version)

# pyenv virtualenv 3.4.2 magedu_test

Ignoring indexes: https://pypi.python.org/simple/

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): setuptools in /root/.pyenv/versions/3.4.2/envs/magedu_test/lib/python3.4/site-packages

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pip in /root/.pyenv/versions/3.4.2/envs/magedu_test/lib/python3.4/site-packages

Cleaning up...

# pyenv versions

system

* 3.4.2 (set by /root/.python-version)

3.4.2/envs/magedu_test

magedu_test （pyenv比较久的版本是这种形式的）

# pyenv local magedu_test

# pyenv versions

system

3.4.2

3.4.2/envs/magedu_test

* magedu_test (set by /root/.python-version)

激活虚拟环境，pip中的环境也改变了

pyenv activate <pyenv_virtual>

# cat .python-version

magedu_test

# pyenv activate magedu_test0000

pyenv-virtualenv: deactivate

pyenv-virtualenv: activate magedu_test0000

pyenv-virtualenv: prompt changing will be removed from future release. configure `export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1' to simulate the behavior.

(magedu_test0000) [root@iptables2 ~]# pip -V pip环境也一块儿装了，这个环境装了，就不用激活activate

pip 1.5.6 from /root/.pyenv/versions/3.4.2/envs/magedu_test0000/lib/python3.4/site-packages (python 3.4)

(magedu_test0000) [root@iptables2 ~]# cat .python-version

magedu_test0000

在虚拟环境中也要安装ipython

$ cat .bashrc

#export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1

时会用提示(magedu_test0000), 此时己进入你指定的虚拟环境

退出和切换虚拟环境只须要，pyenv activate version就能够了，exit也能够不过会退出登陆

安装ipython

(magedu_test0000) [root@iptables2 ~]# pip install ipython

安装jupyter，jupyter之前是ipython的一部分，在ipython发展到4时，就分离出来了

# pip install jupyter

ipython 4以前有一个#ipython notebook 命令

在ipython 4以后是用

#jupyter notebook --ip=0.0.0.0

# jupyter notebook

[I 16:31:01.498 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to /root/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/notebook_cookie_secret

[I 16:31:01.585 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /root

[I 16:31:01.585 NotebookApp] 0 active kernels

[I 16:31:01.585 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at: http://localhost:8888/

[I 16:31:01.585 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).

[W 16:31:01.586 NotebookApp] No web browser found: could not locate runnable browser.

^C[I 16:33:22.198 NotebookApp] interrupted

Serving notebooks from local directory: /root

0 active kernels

The Jupyter Notebook is running at: http://localhost:8888/

Shutdown this notebook server (y/[n])? y

[C 16:33:25.108 NotebookApp] Shutdown confirmed

[I 16:33:25.109 NotebookApp] Shutting down kernels

# jupyter notebook --ip=0.0.0.0

[I 16:33:39.073 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /root

[I 16:33:39.073 NotebookApp] 0 active kernels

[I 16:33:39.073 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at: http://0.0.0.0:8888/

[I 16:33:39.073 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).

[W 16:33:39.074 NotebookApp] No web browser found: could not locate runnable browser.

[I 16:34:14.901 NotebookApp] 302 GET / (192.168.16.213) 1.60ms

经过浏览器访问 serverip:8888 是一个web版的ipython

点untitled能够命名标题

Markdown是用来标记注释的

按Ctrl + enter是执行

Ctrl + Alt 是跳到新的行

查看快捷键

在ipython 4以前，ipython和jupyter是同一个项目，在ipython 4以后分开，由于jupyter如今是一个语言无关的，如今jupyter的能支持至少50种语言的web非交互式环境。是在远程来执行的。