netstat详解

  • 前言:

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  • 概念

   Netstat是在内核中访问网络链接状态及其相关信息的程序,它能提供TCP链接,TCP和UDP监听,进程内存管理的相关报告。      -----来自RFC(维基百科)标准解释less

  • 参数定义
  -a 显示全部socket,包括已创建的链接(ESTABLISHED),也包括监听链接请求(LISTENING)的那些链接。
  -c 每隔1秒就从新显示一遍,直到用户中断它。
  -i 显示全部网络接口的信息,格式“netstat -i”。
  -l 仅列出有在 Listen (监听) 的服務状态
  -n 以网络IP地址代替名称,显示全部已创建的有效链接。
  -r显示核心路由表,格式同“route -e”。
  -t 显示TCP协议的链接状况
  -u 显示UDP协议的链接状况。
  -v 显示正在进行的工做。
  -p +name显示协议名查看某协议使用状况
  -b 显示在建立每一个链接或侦听端口时涉及的可执行程序。
  -e 显示以太网统计。此选项能够与 -s 选项结合使用。
  -f 显示外部地址的彻底限定域名(FQDN)。
  -o显示与每一个链接相关的所属进程 ID。
  -s 显示每一个协议的统计。
  -x 显示 NetworkDirect 链接、侦听器和共享端点。
  -y 显示全部链接的 TCP 链接模板。没法与其余选项结合使用。
  • 状态描述
  ESTABLISHED
          The socket has an established connection.
   SYN_SENT
          The socket is actively attempting to establish a connection.
   SYN_RECV
          A connection request has been received from the network.
   FIN_WAIT1
          The socket is closed, and the connection is shutting down.
   FIN_WAIT2
          Connection is closed, and the socket is waiting for  a  shutdown
          from the remote end.
   TIME_WAIT
          The socket is waiting after close to handle packets still in the
          network.
   CLOSE  The socket is not being used.
   CLOSE_WAIT
          The remote end has shut down, waiting for the socket to close.
   LAST_ACK
          The remote end has shut down, and the socket is closed.  Waiting
          for acknowledgement.
   LISTEN The  socket is listening for incoming connections.  Such sockets
          are  not  included  in  the  output  unless  you   specify   the
          --listening (-l) or --all (-a) option.
   CLOSING
          Both  sockets are shut down but we still don't have all our data
          sent.
   UNKNOWN
          The state of the socket is unknown.
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