ECC
ECC-Elliptic Curves Cryptography,椭圆曲线密码编码学,是目前已知的公钥体制中,对每比特所提供加密强度最高的一种体制。在软件注册保护方面起到很大的做用,通常的序列号一般由该算法产生。
当我开始整理《Java加密技术(二)》的时候,我就已经在开始研究ECC了,可是关于Java实现ECC算法的资料实在是太少了,不管是国内仍是国外的资料,不管是官方仍是非官方的解释,最终只有一种答案——ECC算法在jdk1.5后加入支持,目前仅仅只能完成密钥的生成与解析。

若是想要得到ECC算法实现,须要调用硬件完成加密/解密(ECC算法至关耗费资源,若是单纯使用CPU进行加密/解密,效率低下),涉及到Java Card领域,PKCS#11。

其实,PKCS#11配置很简单,但缺少硬件设备,没法尝试!
尽管如此,我照旧提供相应的Java实现代码,以供你们参考。
经过java代码实现以下:
Coder类见 Java加密技术(一)
- import java.math.BigInteger;
- import java.security.Key;
- import java.security.KeyFactory;
- import java.security.interfaces.ECPrivateKey;
- import java.security.interfaces.ECPublicKey;
- import java.security.spec.ECFieldF2m;
- import java.security.spec.ECParameterSpec;
- import java.security.spec.ECPoint;
- import java.security.spec.ECPrivateKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.ECPublicKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.EllipticCurve;
- import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
-
- import javax.crypto.Cipher;
- import javax.crypto.NullCipher;
-
- import sun.security.ec.ECKeyFactory;
- import sun.security.ec.ECPrivateKeyImpl;
- import sun.security.ec.ECPublicKeyImpl;
-
- /**
- * ECC安全编码组件
- *
- * @author 梁栋
- * @version 1.0
- * @since 1.0
- */
- public abstract class ECCCoder extends Coder {
-
- public static final String ALGORITHM = "EC";
- private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "ECCPublicKey";
- private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "ECCPrivateKey";
-
- /**
- * 解密<br>
- * 用私钥解密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {
- // 对密钥解密
- byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
-
- // 取得私钥
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = ECKeyFactory.INSTANCE;
-
- ECPrivateKey priKey = (ECPrivateKey) keyFactory
- .generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
-
- ECPrivateKeySpec ecPrivateKeySpec = new ECPrivateKeySpec(priKey.getS(),
- priKey.getParams());
-
- // 对数据解密
- // TODO Chipher不支持EC算法 未能实现
- Cipher cipher = new NullCipher();
- // Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM, keyFactory.getProvider());
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey, ecPrivateKeySpec.getParams());
-
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
-
- /**
- * 加密<br>
- * 用公钥加密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param privateKey
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, String privateKey)
- throws Exception {
- // 对公钥解密
- byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(privateKey);
-
- // 取得公钥
- X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = ECKeyFactory.INSTANCE;
-
- ECPublicKey pubKey = (ECPublicKey) keyFactory
- .generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
-
- ECPublicKeySpec ecPublicKeySpec = new ECPublicKeySpec(pubKey.getW(),
- pubKey.getParams());
-
- // 对数据加密
- // TODO Chipher不支持EC算法 未能实现
- Cipher cipher = new NullCipher();
- // Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM, keyFactory.getProvider());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey, ecPublicKeySpec.getParams());
-
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
-
- /**
- * 取得私钥
- *
- * @param keyMap
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
- throws Exception {
- Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
-
- return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
- }
-
- /**
- * 取得公钥
- *
- * @param keyMap
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
- throws Exception {
- Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
-
- return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
- }
-
- /**
- * 初始化密钥
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static Map<String, Object> initKey() throws Exception {
- BigInteger x1 = new BigInteger(
- "2fe13c0537bbc11acaa07d793de4e6d5e5c94eee8", 16);
- BigInteger x2 = new BigInteger(
- "289070fb05d38ff58321f2e800536d538ccdaa3d9", 16);
-
- ECPoint g = new ECPoint(x1, x2);
-
- // the order of generator
- BigInteger n = new BigInteger(
- "5846006549323611672814741753598448348329118574063", 10);
- // the cofactor
- int h = 2;
- int m = 163;
- int[] ks = { 7, 6, 3 };
- ECFieldF2m ecField = new ECFieldF2m(m, ks);
- // y^2+xy=x^3+x^2+1
- BigInteger a = new BigInteger("1", 2);
- BigInteger b = new BigInteger("1", 2);
-
- EllipticCurve ellipticCurve = new EllipticCurve(ecField, a, b);
-
- ECParameterSpec ecParameterSpec = new ECParameterSpec(ellipticCurve, g,
- n, h);
- // 公钥
- ECPublicKey publicKey = new ECPublicKeyImpl(g, ecParameterSpec);
-
- BigInteger s = new BigInteger(
- "1234006549323611672814741753598448348329118574063", 10);
- // 私钥
- ECPrivateKey privateKey = new ECPrivateKeyImpl(s, ecParameterSpec);
-
- Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
-
- keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
- keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
-
- return keyMap;
- }
-
- }
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.interfaces.ECPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.ECPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.ECFieldF2m;
import java.security.spec.ECParameterSpec;
import java.security.spec.ECPoint;
import java.security.spec.ECPrivateKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.ECPublicKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.EllipticCurve;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.NullCipher;
import sun.security.ec.ECKeyFactory;
import sun.security.ec.ECPrivateKeyImpl;
import sun.security.ec.ECPublicKeyImpl;
/**
* ECC安全编码组件
*
* @author 梁栋
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
public abstract class ECCCoder extends Coder {
public static final String ALGORITHM = "EC";
private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "ECCPublicKey";
private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "ECCPrivateKey";
/**
* 解密<br>
* 用私钥解密
*
* @param data
* @param key
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {
// 对密钥解密
byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
// 取得私钥
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = ECKeyFactory.INSTANCE;
ECPrivateKey priKey = (ECPrivateKey) keyFactory
.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
ECPrivateKeySpec ecPrivateKeySpec = new ECPrivateKeySpec(priKey.getS(),
priKey.getParams());
// 对数据解密
// TODO Chipher不支持EC算法 未能实现
Cipher cipher = new NullCipher();
// Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM, keyFactory.getProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey, ecPrivateKeySpec.getParams());
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
/**
* 加密<br>
* 用公钥加密
*
* @param data
* @param privateKey
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, String privateKey)
throws Exception {
// 对公钥解密
byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(privateKey);
// 取得公钥
X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = ECKeyFactory.INSTANCE;
ECPublicKey pubKey = (ECPublicKey) keyFactory
.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
ECPublicKeySpec ecPublicKeySpec = new ECPublicKeySpec(pubKey.getW(),
pubKey.getParams());
// 对数据加密
// TODO Chipher不支持EC算法 未能实现
Cipher cipher = new NullCipher();
// Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM, keyFactory.getProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey, ecPublicKeySpec.getParams());
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
/**
* 取得私钥
*
* @param keyMap
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
throws Exception {
Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
}
/**
* 取得公钥
*
* @param keyMap
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
throws Exception {
Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
}
/**
* 初始化密钥
*
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static Map<String, Object> initKey() throws Exception {
BigInteger x1 = new BigInteger(
"2fe13c0537bbc11acaa07d793de4e6d5e5c94eee8", 16);
BigInteger x2 = new BigInteger(
"289070fb05d38ff58321f2e800536d538ccdaa3d9", 16);
ECPoint g = new ECPoint(x1, x2);
// the order of generator
BigInteger n = new BigInteger(
"5846006549323611672814741753598448348329118574063", 10);
// the cofactor
int h = 2;
int m = 163;
int[] ks = { 7, 6, 3 };
ECFieldF2m ecField = new ECFieldF2m(m, ks);
// y^2+xy=x^3+x^2+1
BigInteger a = new BigInteger("1", 2);
BigInteger b = new BigInteger("1", 2);
EllipticCurve ellipticCurve = new EllipticCurve(ecField, a, b);
ECParameterSpec ecParameterSpec = new ECParameterSpec(ellipticCurve, g,
n, h);
// 公钥
ECPublicKey publicKey = new ECPublicKeyImpl(g, ecParameterSpec);
BigInteger s = new BigInteger(
"1234006549323611672814741753598448348329118574063", 10);
// 私钥
ECPrivateKey privateKey = new ECPrivateKeyImpl(s, ecParameterSpec);
Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
return keyMap;
}
}
请注意上述代码中的
TODO内容,再次提醒注意,Chipher不支持EC算法 ,以上代码仅供参考。Chipher、Signature、KeyPairGenerator、KeyAgreement、SecretKey均不支持EC算法。为了确保程序可以正常执行,咱们使用了NullCipher类,验证程序。
照旧提供一个测试类:
- import static org.junit.Assert.*;
-
- import java.math.BigInteger;
- import java.security.spec.ECFieldF2m;
- import java.security.spec.ECParameterSpec;
- import java.security.spec.ECPoint;
- import java.security.spec.ECPrivateKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.ECPublicKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.EllipticCurve;
- import java.util.Map;
-
- import org.junit.Test;
-
- /**
- *
- * @author 梁栋
- * @version 1.0
- * @since 1.0
- */
- public class ECCCoderTest {
-
- @Test
- public void test() throws Exception {
- String inputStr = "abc";
- byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();
-
- Map<String, Object> keyMap = ECCCoder.initKey();
-
- String publicKey = ECCCoder.getPublicKey(keyMap);
- String privateKey = ECCCoder.getPrivateKey(keyMap);
- System.err.println("公钥: \n" + publicKey);
- System.err.println("私钥: \n" + privateKey);
-
- byte[] encodedData = ECCCoder.encrypt(data, publicKey);
-
- byte[] decodedData = ECCCoder.decrypt(encodedData, privateKey);
-
- String outputStr = new String(decodedData);
- System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);
- assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr);
- }
- }
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.spec.ECFieldF2m;
import java.security.spec.ECParameterSpec;
import java.security.spec.ECPoint;
import java.security.spec.ECPrivateKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.ECPublicKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.EllipticCurve;
import java.util.Map;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
*
* @author 梁栋
* @version 1.0
* @since 1.0
*/
public class ECCCoderTest {
@Test
public void test() throws Exception {
String inputStr = "abc";
byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();
Map<String, Object> keyMap = ECCCoder.initKey();
String publicKey = ECCCoder.getPublicKey(keyMap);
String privateKey = ECCCoder.getPrivateKey(keyMap);
System.err.println("公钥: \n" + publicKey);
System.err.println("私钥: \n" + privateKey);
byte[] encodedData = ECCCoder.encrypt(data, publicKey);
byte[] decodedData = ECCCoder.decrypt(encodedData, privateKey);
String outputStr = new String(decodedData);
System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);
assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr);
}
}
控制台输出:
- 公钥:
- MEAwEAYHKoZIzj0CAQYFK4EEAAEDLAAEAv4TwFN7vBGsqgfXk95ObV5clO7oAokHD7BdOP9YMh8u
- gAU21TjM2qPZ
-
- 私钥:
- MDICAQAwEAYHKoZIzj0CAQYFK4EEAAEEGzAZAgEBBBTYJsR3BN7TFw7JHcAHFkwNmfil7w==
-
- 加密前: abc
-
- 解密后: abc