Slatstack 介绍
官网：https://saltstack.com/php
官方源：http://repo.saltstack.com/ （介绍各操做系统安装方法）html
centos 6源node
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yum
install
https:
//repo
.saltstack.com
/yum/redhat/salt-repo-latest-1
.el6.noarch.rpm
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centos 7 源 python
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yum
install
https:
//repo
.saltstack.com
/yum/redhat/salt-repo-latest-1
.el7.noarch.rpm
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http://repo.saltstack.com/yum/redhat/7/x86_64mysql
基于python开发，提供REST API接口linux
三大功能： 远程执行、配置管理（状态）、云管理nginx
其它：Puppet（ruby）、ansible（python）c++
四种运行方式：Local、Minion/Master(C/S)、Syndic(代理，相似zabbix proxy)、Salt SSHgit
快速安装
- 安装web
服务端
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yum
install
salt-master salt-minion -y
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客户端
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yum
install
salt-minion -y
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启动服务端
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systemctl start salt-master
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配置客户端
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vim
/etc/salt/minion
master: 192.168.137.11
id
:
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启动客户端
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systemctl start salt-minion
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启动后/etc/salt下生成minion_id文件，默认为主机名
若是修改id，须要删除minion_id
- master和minion启动后pki介绍
第一次启动minion在/etc/salt下生成pki文件目录
包含minion的公钥minion.pub和私钥minion.pem
第一次启动master在/etc/salt下生成pki文件目录
包含master的公钥master.pub和私钥master.pem
linux-node1.example.com和linux-node2.example.com为minion的公钥，名称为id名
minions_pre为预认证目录
- 认证
Accepted Keys 已赞成的key
Denied Keys 拒绝的key
Unaccepted Keys 未认证的key
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salt-key -a linux-node1.example.com
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指定linux-node1.example.com这台minion被信任
说明：-a ：accept ，-A：accept-all，-d：delete，-D：delete-all
两台minion已认证成功，此时再次查看master pki文件目录，minion的公钥文件放入了minions目录下
再次查看minion pki文件目录，存在minion_master.pub公钥文件
- 远程执行
语法： 命令 目标 模块.方法 方法参数
检查全部主机状态
检查指定主机状态
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salt
"linux-node2.example.com"
test
.
ping
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指定主机，远程执行shell命令
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salt
"linux-node2.example.com"
cmd.run
"ls -lrt /root"
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重启全部主机的zabbix agent
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salt
"*"
cmd.run
"systemctl restart zabbix-agent"
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- 状态模块
state 写一个描述文件。格式：YAML ，后缀：.sls
YAML介绍(重要)
YAML是"YAML Ain't a Markup Language"（YAML不是一种置标语言）的递归缩写。（能够查看百度百科介绍）
格式：数据结构能够用相似大纲的缩排方式呈现，结构经过缩进来表示，连续的项目经过减号“-”来表示，map结构里面的key/value对用冒号“:”来分隔。
样例以下：
salt管理理解YAML介绍 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/yaml/index.html
salt YAML三个规则：
1）缩进，须要用2个空格，不能使用Tab键；
2）冒号，冒号和缩进共用、键值对（中间有空格）
3）短横线， 于后面的值有空格
- master配置
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vim
/etc/salt/master
file_roots
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重启master
systemctl restart salt-master
建立配置文件目录
- sls文件建立
apache.sls，放入到/srv/salt/web目录下
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apache-
install
:
pkg.installed:
- names:
- httpd
- httpd-devel
apache-service:
service.running:
- name: httpd
-
enable
: True
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执行这个文件
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salt
"*"
state.sls web.apache
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执行流程:
1）master将这个文件发送至minion
2）minion放在/var/cache/salt/minion目录下
3）minion根据这个文件从上往下执行
执行结果
1 linux-node2.example.com:
2 ----------
3 ID: apache-install
4 Function: pkg.installed
5 Name: httpd
6 Result: True
7 Comment: The following packages were installed/updated: httpd
8 Started: 13:12:23.142622
9 Duration: 103093.75 ms
10 Changes:
11 ----------
12 apr:
13 ----------
14 new:
15 1.4.8-3.el7
16 old:
17 apr-util:
18 ----------
19 new:
20 1.5.2-6.el7
21 old:
22 httpd:
23 ----------
24 new:
25 2.4.6-40.el7.centos.4
26 old:
27 httpd-tools:
28 ----------
29 new:
30 2.4.6-40.el7.centos.4
31 old:
32 mailcap:
33 ----------
34 new:
35 2.1.41-2.el7
36 old:
37 ----------
38 ID: apache-install
39 Function: pkg.installed
40 Name: httpd-devel
41 Result: True
42 Comment: The following packages were installed/updated: httpd-devel
43 Started: 13:14:06.266419
44 Duration: 75699.845 ms
45 Changes:
46 ----------
47 apr-devel:
48 ----------
49 new:
50 1.4.8-3.el7
51 old:
52 apr-util-devel:
53 ----------
54 new:
55 1.5.2-6.el7
56 old:
57 cyrus-sasl-devel:
58 ----------
59 new:
60 2.1.26-20.el7_2
61 old:
62 expat-devel:
63 ----------
64 new:
65 2.1.0-8.el7
66 old:
67 httpd-devel:
68 ----------
69 new:
70 2.4.6-40.el7.centos.4
71 old:
72 libdb-devel:
73 ----------
74 new:
75 5.3.21-19.el7
76 old:
77 openldap-devel:
78 ----------
79 new:
80 2.4.40-9.el7_2
81 old:
82 ----------
83 ID: apache-service
84 Function: service.running
85 Name: httpd
86 Result: True
87 Comment: Service httpd has been enabled, and is running
88 Started: 13:15:22.549732
89 Duration: 509.773 ms
90 Changes:
91 ----------
92 httpd:
93 True
94
95 Summary for linux-node2.example.com
96 ------------
97 Succeeded: 3 (changed=3)
98 Failed: 0
99 ------------
100 Total states run: 3
101 Total run time: 179.303 s
102 linux-node1.example.com:
103 ----------
104 ID: apache-install
105 Function: pkg.installed
106 Name: httpd
107 Result: True
108 Comment: Package httpd is already installed
109 Started: 21:12:17.773014
110 Duration: 1030.017 ms
111 Changes:
112 ----------
113 ID: apache-install
114 Function: pkg.installed
115 Name: httpd-devel
116 Result: True
117 Comment: The following packages were installed/updated: httpd-devel
118 Started: 21:12:18.803216
119 Duration: 179505.346 ms
120 Changes:
121 ----------
122 apr-devel:
123 ----------
124 new:
125 1.4.8-3.el7
126 old:
127 apr-util-devel:
128 ----------
129 new:
130 1.5.2-6.el7
131 old:
132 cyrus-sasl-devel:
133 ----------
134 new:
135 2.1.26-20.el7_2
136 old:
137 expat-devel:
138 ----------
139 new:
140 2.1.0-8.el7
141 old:
142 httpd-devel:
143 ----------
144 new:
145 2.4.6-40.el7.centos.4
146 old:
147 libdb-devel:
148 ----------
149 new:
150 5.3.21-19.el7
151 old:
152 openldap-devel:
153 ----------
154 new:
155 2.4.40-9.el7_2
156 old:
157 ----------
158 ID: apache-service
159 Function: service.running
160 Name: httpd
161 Result: True
162 Comment: The service httpd is already running
163 Started: 21:15:18.523234
164 Duration: 62.391 ms
165 Changes:
166
167 Summary for linux-node1.example.com
168 ------------
169 Succeeded: 3 (changed=1)
170 Failed: 0
171 ------------
172 Total states run: 3
173 Total run time: 180.598 s
View Code
- top file
默认文件名top.sls，放在base目录下，base目录在file_roots配置项配置
经过top.sls文件能够实现根据不一样的minion执行不一样的sls文件
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base:
'linux-node1.example.com'
:
- web.apache
'linux-node2.example.com'
:
- web.apache
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上面命令执行state高级状态，它只会执行入口文件top.sls， 根据top文件中内容执行
生产环境中不建议使用*，须要指定具体主机，先用test测试
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salt
"linux-node1.example.com"
state.highstate
test
=True
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测试正常后执行
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salt
"linux-node1.example.com"
state.highstate
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########################################################################
SaltStack底层是基于ZeroMQ进行高效的网络通讯。
ZeroMQ简介
ØMQ （也拼写做ZeroMQ，0MQ或ZMQ)是一个为可伸缩的分布式或并发应用程序设计的高性能异步消息库。它提供一个消息队列, 可是与面向消息的中间件不一样，ZeroMQ的运行不须要专门的消息代理（message broker）。该库设计成常见的套接字风格的API。可以提供进程内(inproc)、进程间(IPC)、网络(TCP)和广播方式的消息信道， 并支持扇出(fan-out)、发布-订阅(pub-sub)、任务分发（task distribution）、请求/响应（request-reply）等通讯模式。
- SaltStack第一种模式：发布与订阅
ZeroMQ支持Publish/Subscribe，即发布与订阅模式，咱们常常简称Pub/Sub。
Salt Master运行两个网络服务，其中一个是ZeroMQ PUB系统，默认监听4505端口。
能够经过修改/etc/salt/master配置文件的publish_port参数设置。
它是salt的消息发布系统，若是查看4505端口，会发现全部的Minion链接到Master的4505端口，TCP状态持续保持为ESTABLISHED。
lsof -i:4505
- SaltStack第一种模式：请求与响应
ZeroMQ支持Request-Reply，即请求与响应模式，咱们常常简称REQ/REP。
Salt Master运行的第二个网络服务就是ZeroMQ REP系统，默认监听4506端口，能够经过修改/etc/salt/master配置文件的ret_port参数设置。
它是salt客户端与服务端通讯的端口。好比说Minion执行某个命令后的返回值就是发送给Master的4506这个REP端口
若是安装了python-setproctitle软件包，因此咱们能够直接看到Salt Master启动的进程的名称。
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yum
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-y python-setproctitle
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重启master和minion
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systemctl restart salt-master
systemctl restart salt-minion
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/usr/bin/salt-master
-d ProcessManager
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d _clear_old_jobs
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d Publisher
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d EventPublisher
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d ReqServer_ProcessManager
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d MWorker
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d MWorker
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d MWorker
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d MWorker
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d MWorker
/usr/bin/salt-master
-d MWorkerQueue
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########################################################################
分为Grains和Pillar
1、Grains
静态数据，当Minion启动的时候收集的MInion本地的相关信息。（包含操做系统版本、内核版本、CPU、内存、硬盘、设备型号等）
备注：不重启minion，这些信息数据是不会改变的。
1）信息管理，包括资产管理；
例：
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salt
'linux-node1*'
grains.
ls
salt
'linux-node1*'
grains.items
salt
'*'
grains.item os
salt
'*'
grains.item fqdn_ip4
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2）用于目标选择；（查询具体id的主机，查询系统版本为centos的主机 等场景）
例：
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salt -G
'os:Centos'
test
.
ping
salt -G
'os:Centos'
cmd.run
'echo 123'
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3）配置管理中使用
自定义grains的item
方式一： 修改配置文件 vim /etc/salt/minion
重启 systemctl restart salt-minion
经过自定义的item，能够实现重启全部角色为apache的主机
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salt
'*'
grains.item roles
salt -G
'roles:apache'
cmd.run
'systemctl restart httpd'
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方式二：（生产环境使用）
修改配置文件 vim /etc/salt/grains，写法
重启 systemctl restart salt-minion
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salt
'*'
grains.item cloud
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修改/etc/salt/grains不重启服务的方法，刷新命令以下（备注：方式一和方式二修改配置文件，经过此命令均可以不用重启服务）
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salt
'*'
saltutil.sync_grains
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grains在top FILE中的使用案例
vim /srv/salt/top.sls
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base:
'linux-node1.example.com'
:
- web.apache
'roles:apache'
:
- match: grain
- web.apach
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grains脚本目录，必须是base下建立_grains目录（如：/srv/salt/_grains）
建立一个python脚本在/srv/salt/_grains目录下
脚本名：my_grains.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python
def my_grains():
grains = {}
grains[
'iaas'
] =
'openstack'
grains[
'edu'
] =
'shhnwangjian'
return
grains
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经过master同步脚本文件至每台minion
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salt
'*'
saltutil.sync_grains
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文件放在minion主机的/var/cache/salt/minion/extmods/grains目录下
grains优先级（item名称相同的状况下）： 1. 系统自带 2. grains文件写到 3. minion配置文件写的 4. 本身写的脚本
2、Pillar
动态数据，给特定的minion指定特定的数据。只有指定的minion本身能看到本身的数据。
开启系统自带，修改配置文件
重启systemctl restart salt-master
执行salt '*' pillar.items 能够看到系统自带的item
piller存在文件路径设置
mkdir /srv/pillar
重启systemctl restart salt-master
实现pillar流程
1）建立一个piller文件，python jinja2写法
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mkdir
/srv/pillar/web
cd
/srv/pillar/web
vim apache.sls
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{%
if
grains[
'os'
] ==
'CentOS'
%}
apache: httpd
{%
elif
grains[
'os'
] ==
'Debian'
%}
apache: apache2
{% endif %}
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2）建立TOP FILE文件
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base:
'linux-node2.example.com'
:
- web.apache
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salt
'*'
saltutil.refresh_pillar
salt
'*'
pillar.items apache
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目标选择
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salt -I
'apache:httpd'
test
.
ping
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3、Grains VS Pillar
#######################################################################
语法例：salt '*' cmd.run 'w'
- 命令：salt
- 目标：'*'
- 模块：cmd.run，自带150+模块，也能够本身写模块
- 返回：执行后结果返回，Returnners组件
一、指定目标（targeting）
官网文档：https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/targeting/index.html
两种定位方法：一种和minion ID有关，一种和monion ID无关
1）minion ID有关的方法
指定具体的minion ID
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salt
'linux-node2.example.com'
test
.
ping
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通配符
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salt
'*'
test
.
ping
salt
'linux-node2*'
test
.
ping
salt
'linux-node[1|2].example.com'
test
.
ping
salt
'linux-node[1-2].example.com'
test
.
ping
salt
'linux-node[!2].example.com'
test
.
ping
salt
'linux-node?.example.com'
test
.
ping
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列表
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salt -L
'linux-node1.example.com,linux-node2.example.com'
test
.
ping
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正则表达式
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salt -E
'linux-(node1|node2)*'
test
.
ping
salt -E
'linux-(node1|node2).example.com'
test
.
ping
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备注: 全部匹配目标的方式，均可以用到top file里面来指定目标。
minion ID设置方案：IP地址、根据业务来进行设置
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例：
redis-node1-redis04-idc04-h5web.example.com
redis-node1
redis04
idc04
h5web
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2）minion ID无关的方法
IP地址、子网
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salt -S 192.168.137.12
test
.
ping
salt -S 192.168.137.0
/24
test
.
ping
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分组，须要配置master文件
重启systemctl restart salt-master
混合匹配
官方文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/targeting/compound.html
批处理 ，可用于重启全部主机或进程场景，百分比或固定数量的一点一点重启主机或进程
官方文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/targeting/batch.html
二、执行模块
官网文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/modules/all/index.html#all-salt-modules
列出salt全部模块，以及如何使用的帮助文档
经过yum默认安装salt全部模块存放路径 /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/salt/modules（centos 7）
例：
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salt
'*'
network.active_tcp
salt
'*'
network.arp
salt
'*'
service.available sshd
salt
'*'
service.get_all
salt
'*'
service.status sshd
salt-
cp
'*'
/etc/hosts
/tmp/test
salt
'*'
state.show_top
salt
'*'
state.single pkg.installed name=
lsof
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三、返回程序
官方文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/returners/index.html
1）将返回写入mysql库，是由minion直接写入mysql库
全部minion安装python mysql模块
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salt
'*'
state.single pkg.installed name=MySQL-python
或
salt
'*'
cmd.run
'yum install MySQL-python -y'
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建立salt库
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CREATE DATABASE `salt`
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
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建立表
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--
-- Table structure
for
table `jids`
--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `jids`;
CREATE TABLE `jids` (
`jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`load` mediumtext NOT NULL,
UNIQUE KEY `jid` (`jid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE INDEX jid ON jids(jid) USING BTREE;
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--
-- Table structure
for
table `salt_returns`
--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `salt_returns`;
CREATE TABLE `salt_returns` (
`fun` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`
return
` mediumtext NOT NULL,
`
id
` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`success` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
`full_ret` mediumtext NOT NULL,
`alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
KEY `
id
` (`
id
`),
KEY `jid` (`jid`),
KEY `fun` (`fun`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
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--
-- Table structure
for
table `salt_events`
--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `salt_events`;
CREATE TABLE `salt_events` (
`
id
` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`tag` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`data` mediumtext NOT NULL,
`alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`master_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`
id
`),
KEY `tag` (`tag`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
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受权
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grant all on salt.* to salt@
'%'
identified by
'salt@pw'
;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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exit
mysql -h192.168.137.11 -usalt -psalt@pw salt
show tables;
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配置minion文件
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vim
/etc/salt/minion
mysql.host:
'192.168.137.11'
mysql.user:
'salt'
mysql.pass:
'salt@pw'
mysql.db:
'salt'
mysql.port: 3306
|
重启 systemctl restart salt-minion
测试
|
1
|
salt
'*'
test
.
ping
--
return
mysql
|
|
1
|
salt
'*'
cmd.run
'df -h'
--
return
mysql
|
四、编写执行模块
1）放置路径
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1
2
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cd
/srv/salt
mkdir
_modules
|
2） 命名
文件名就是模块名
例: my_disk.py
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5
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vim
/srv/salt/_modules/my_disk
.py
def list():
cmd =
'df -h'
ret = __salt__[
'cmd.run'
](cmd)
return
ret
|
3）刷新
|
1
|
salt
'*'
saltutil.sync_modules
|
会放到指定目标的/var/cache/salt/minion下
4）执行
####################################################################
官方文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/states/index.html
配置管理之SLS
Salt State SLS描述文件(YAML)
名称ID声明 默认是name声明
备注： 一个ID声明下面。状态模块不能重复使用
例：
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apache-
install
:
pkg.installed:
- names:
- httpd
- httpd-devel
apache-service:
service.running:
- name: httpd
-
enable
: True
php:
pkg.installed
|
经常使用状态模块介绍
1）pkg （https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/states/all/salt.states.pkg.html#module-salt.states.pkg）
pkg.installed # 安装
pkg.latest # 确保最新版本
pkg.remove # 卸载
pkg.purge # 卸载并删除配置文件
# 同时安装多个包
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common_packages:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- unzip
- dos2unix
- salt-minion: 2015.8.5-1.el6
|
2）file （https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/states/all/salt.states.file.html#module-salt.states.file）
salt:// 表示当前环境的根目录。例如：
那么salt://lamp/files/httpd.conf 表示 /srv/salt/lamp/files/httpd.conf
3）service （https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/states/all/salt.states.service.html#module-salt.states.service）
|
1
2
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redis:
service.running:
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
|
LAMP架构slat实现安装、配置、启动
1.安装软件包 pkg
2.修改配置文件 file
3.启动服务 service
lamp.sls文件内容以下
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46
|
lamp-pkg:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- httpd
- php
- mariadb
- mariadb-server
- php-mysql
- php-cli
- php-mbstring
apache-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd
.conf
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/httpd
.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
php-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/php
.ini
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/php
.ini
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
mysql-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/my
.cnf
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/my
.cnf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
apache-service:
service.running:
- name: httpd
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
mysql-service:
service.running:
- name: mariadb
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
|
命令： salt 'linux-node2*' state.sls lamp.lamp
执行结果
1 linux-node2.example.com:
2 ----------
3 ID: lamp-pkg
4 Function: pkg.installed
5 Result: True
6 Comment: 4 targeted packages were installed/updated.
7 The following packages were already installed: httpd, mariadb-server, mariadb
8 Started: 12:56:16.178765
9 Duration: 194279.377 ms
10 Changes:
11 ----------
12 libzip:
13 ----------
14 new:
15 0.10.1-8.el7
16 old:
17 php:
18 ----------
19 new:
20 5.4.16-36.3.el7_2
21 old:
22 php-cli:
23 ----------
24 new:
25 5.4.16-36.3.el7_2
26 old:
27 php-common:
28 ----------
29 new:
30 5.4.16-36.3.el7_2
31 old:
32 php-mbstring:
33 ----------
34 new:
35 5.4.16-36.3.el7_2
36 old:
37 php-mysql:
38 ----------
39 new:
40 5.4.16-36.3.el7_2
41 old:
42 php-pdo:
43 ----------
44 new:
45 5.4.16-36.3.el7_2
46 old:
47 ----------
48 ID: apache-config
49 Function: file.managed
50 Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
51 Result: True
52 Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf is in the correct state
53 Started: 12:59:30.519583
54 Duration: 98.547 ms
55 Changes:
56 ----------
57 ID: php-config
58 Function: file.managed
59 Name: /etc/php.ini
60 Result: True
61 Comment: File /etc/php.ini is in the correct state
62 Started: 12:59:30.620067
63 Duration: 36.824 ms
64 Changes:
65 ----------
66 ID: mysql-config
67 Function: file.managed
68 Name: /etc/my.cnf
69 Result: True
70 Comment: File /etc/my.cnf is in the correct state
71 Started: 12:59:30.657074
72 Duration: 58.78 ms
73 Changes:
74 ----------
75 ID: apache-service
76 Function: service.running
77 Name: httpd
78 Result: True
79 Comment: The service httpd is already running
80 Started: 12:59:30.853149
81 Duration: 40.481 ms
82 Changes:
83 ----------
84 ID: mysql-service
85 Function: service.running
86 Name: mariadb
87 Result: True
88 Comment: The service mariadb is already running
89 Started: 12:59:30.893939
90 Duration: 33.928 ms
91 Changes:
92
93 Summary for linux-node2.example.com
94 ------------
95 Succeeded: 6 (changed=1)
96 Failed: 0
97 ------------
98 Total states run: 6
99 Total run time: 194.548 s
View Code
第二种方式：
文件lamp2.sls 内容以下：
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37
38
39
|
apache-server:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- httpd
- php
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd
.conf
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/httpd
.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
service.running:
- name: httpd
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
mysql-server:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- mariadb
- mariadb-server
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/my
.cnf
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/my
.cnf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
service.running:
- name: mariadb
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
php-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/php
.ini
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/php
.ini
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
|
命令： salt 'linux-node2*' state.sls lamp.lamp2
执行结果
1 linux-node2.example.com:
2 ----------
3 ID: apache-server
4 Function: pkg.installed
5 Result: True
6 Comment: All specified packages are already installed
7 Started: 13:13:53.886308
8 Duration: 665.948 ms
9 Changes:
10 ----------
11 ID: apache-server
12 Function: file.managed
13 Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
14 Result: True
15 Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf is in the correct state
16 Started: 13:13:54.553919
17 Duration: 19.867 ms
18 Changes:
19 ----------
20 ID: apache-server
21 Function: service.running
22 Name: httpd
23 Result: True
24 Comment: The service httpd is already running
25 Started: 13:13:54.574411
26 Duration: 29.927 ms
27 Changes:
28 ----------
29 ID: mysql-server
30 Function: pkg.installed
31 Result: True
32 Comment: All specified packages are already installed
33 Started: 13:13:54.604496
34 Duration: 0.771 ms
35 Changes:
36 ----------
37 ID: mysql-server
38 Function: file.managed
39 Name: /etc/my.cnf
40 Result: True
41 Comment: File /etc/my.cnf is in the correct state
42 Started: 13:13:54.605362
43 Duration: 15.125 ms
44 Changes:
45 ----------
46 ID: mysql-server
47 Function: service.running
48 Name: mariadb
49 Result: True
50 Comment: The service mariadb is already running
51 Started: 13:13:54.620592
52 Duration: 29.75 ms
53 Changes:
54 ----------
55 ID: php-config
56 Function: file.managed
57 Name: /etc/php.ini
58 Result: True
59 Comment: File /etc/php.ini is in the correct state
60 Started: 13:13:54.650496
61 Duration: 17.036 ms
62 Changes:
63
64 Summary for linux-node2.example.com
65 ------------
66 Succeeded: 7
67 Failed: 0
68 ------------
69 Total states run: 7
70 Total run time: 778.424 ms
View Code
配置管理之状态间关系
状态间关系：
1.我依赖谁 require
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
apache-service:
service.running:
- name: httpd
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
- require:
- pkg: lamp-pkg
-
file
: apache-config
|
2 我被谁依赖 require_in
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
mysql-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/my
.cnf
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/my
.cnf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
- require_in:
- service: mysql-service
|
3 我监控谁 watch
|
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2
3
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5
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11
|
apache-service:
service.running:
- name: httpd
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
- require:
- pkg: lamp-pkg
-
watch
:
-
file
: apache-config
1. 若果apache-config这个
id
的状态发生变化就reload
2. 若是不加reload: True，那么就restart
|
4 我被谁监控 watch_in
5 我引用谁 include
例：lamp第一种方法中，将安装、配置、启动分别保存3个文件， 由一个总文件引用
init.sls文件内容
|
1
2
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4
|
include:
- lamp.lamp_pkg
- lamp.lamp_config
- lamp.lamp_service
|
lamp_pkg.sls文件内容
|
1
2
3
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5
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8
9
10
|
lamp-pkg:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- httpd
- php
- mariadb
- mariadb-server
- php-mysql
- php-cli
- php-mbstring
|
lamp_config.sls文件内容
|
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12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
|
apache-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd
.conf
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/httpd
.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
php-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/php
.ini
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/php
.ini
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
mysql-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/my
.cnf
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/my
.cnf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
- require_in:
- service: mysql-service
|
lamp_service.sls文件内容
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
apache-service:
service.running:
- name: httpd
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
- require:
- pkg: lamp-pkg
-
watch
:
-
file
: apache-config
mysql-service:
service.running:
- name: mariadb
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
|
执行命令：salt 'linux-node2*' state.sls lamp.init
6 我扩展谁
如何编写SLS技巧：
1.按状态分类 若是单独使用，很清晰。
2.按服务分类 能够被其余的SLS include。例如LNMP include mysql的服务。
jinja2
文档：http://docs.jinkan.org/docs/jinja2/
模板包含 变量 或 表达式，两种分隔符: {% ... %} 和 {{ ... }} 。前者用于执行诸如 for 循环 或赋值的语句，后者把表达式的结果打印到模板上。
salt中如何使用jinja2：
文档：https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/jinja/index.html
1）告诉File模块，你要使用jinja
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
apache-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd
.conf
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/httpd
.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
- template: jinja
|
2）列出参数列表
|
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7
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9
10
|
apache-config:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd
.conf
-
source
: salt:
//lamp/files/httpd
.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
- template: jinja
- defaults:
PORT: 8080
|
3）模板引用
httpd.conf配置文件引用以下
执行命令：salt 'linux-node2*' state.sls lamp.init
执行结果：
1 linux-node2.example.com:
2 ----------
3 ID: lamp-pkg
4 Function: pkg.installed
5 Result: True
6 Comment: All specified packages are already installed
7 Started: 11:15:02.903236
8 Duration: 4591.748 ms
9 Changes:
10 ----------
11 ID: apache-config
12 Function: file.managed
13 Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
14 Result: True
15 Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf updated
16 Started: 11:15:07.558365
17 Duration: 90.859 ms
18 Changes:
19 ----------
20 diff:
21 ---
22 +++
23 @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
24 # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
25 #
26 #Listen 12.34.56.78:80
27 -Listen 80
28 +Listen 8080
29
30 #
31 # Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
32 ----------
33 ID: php-config
34 Function: file.managed
35 Name: /etc/php.ini
36 Result: True
37 Comment: File /etc/php.ini is in the correct state
38 Started: 11:15:07.649429
39 Duration: 63.754 ms
40 Changes:
41 ----------
42 ID: mysql-config
43 Function: file.managed
44 Name: /etc/my.cnf
45 Result: True
46 Comment: File /etc/my.cnf is in the correct state
47 Started: 11:15:07.713515
48 Duration: 49.273 ms
49 Changes:
50 ----------
51 ID: apache-service
52 Function: service.running
53 Name: httpd
54 Result: True
55 Comment: Service reloaded
56 Started: 11:15:07.800629
57 Duration: 135.15 ms
58 Changes:
59 ----------
60 httpd:
61 True
62 ----------
63 ID: mysql-service
64 Function: service.running
65 Name: mariadb
66 Result: True
67 Comment: The service mariadb is already running
68 Started: 11:15:07.936165
69 Duration: 95.71 ms
70 Changes:
71
72 Summary for linux-node2.example.com
73 ------------
74 Succeeded: 6 (changed=2)
75 Failed: 0
76 ------------
77 Total states run: 6
78 Total run time: 5.026 s
View Code
- 模板里面支持： salt执行模块 grinas 进行赋值
例：修改配置文件httpd.conf，将IP地址指向本机IP，经过grains['fqdn_ip4'][0]能够获取本机IP地址
salt 'linux-node2*' grains.item fqdn_ip4
- 模板里面支持：salt远程执行模块
例：修改配置文件httpd.conf，{{ salt['netwrok.hw_addr']('eth0') }}
salt 'linux-node2*' network.hw_addr eth0
执行命令：salt 'linux-node2*' state.sls lamp.init
执行结果
1 linux-node2.example.com:
2 ----------
3 ID: lamp-pkg
4 Function: pkg.installed
5 Result: True
6 Comment: All specified packages are already installed
7 Started: 11:51:57.213758
8 Duration: 664.953 ms
9 Changes:
10 ----------
11 ID: apache-config
12 Function: file.managed
13 Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
14 Result: True
15 Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf updated
16 Started: 11:51:57.880642
17 Duration: 82.912 ms
18 Changes:
19 ----------
20 diff:
21 ---
22 +++
23 @@ -39,7 +39,9 @@
24 # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
25 #
26 #Listen 12.34.56.78:80
27 -Listen 8080
28 +Listen 192.168.137.12:8080
29 +
30 +# MAC IS: 00:0c:29:fd:dd:02
31
32 #
33 # Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
34 ----------
35 ID: php-config
36 Function: file.managed
37 Name: /etc/php.ini
38 Result: True
39 Comment: File /etc/php.ini is in the correct state
40 Started: 11:51:57.963715
41 Duration: 14.577 ms
42 Changes:
43 ----------
44 ID: mysql-config
45 Function: file.managed
46 Name: /etc/my.cnf
47 Result: True
48 Comment: File /etc/my.cnf is in the correct state
49 Started: 11:51:57.978393
50 Duration: 12.482 ms
51 Changes:
52 ----------
53 ID: apache-service
54 Function: service.running
55 Name: httpd
56 Result: True
57 Comment: Service reloaded
58 Started: 11:51:58.021471
59 Duration: 127.043 ms
60 Changes:
61 ----------
62 httpd:
63 True
64 ----------
65 ID: mysql-service
66 Function: service.running
67 Name: mariadb
68 Result: True
69 Comment: The service mariadb is already running
70 Started: 11:51:58.148913
71 Duration: 58.592 ms
72 Changes:
73
74 Summary for linux-node2.example.com
75 ------------
76 Succeeded: 6 (changed=2)
77 Failed: 0
78 ------------
79 Total states run: 6
80 Total run time: 960.559 ms
View Code
- 模板里面支持： salt执行模块 pillar进行赋值
例：修改配置文件httpd.conf，{{ pillar['apache'] }}
salt 'linux-node2*' pillar.item apache
执行命令：salt 'linux-node2*' state.sls lamp.init
执行结果：
1 linux-node2.example.com:
2 ----------
3 ID: lamp-pkg
4 Function: pkg.installed
5 Result: True
6 Comment: All specified packages are already installed
7 Started: 12:01:16.490143
8 Duration: 712.121 ms
9 Changes:
10 ----------
11 ID: apache-config
12 Function: file.managed
13 Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
14 Result: True
15 Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf updated
16 Started: 12:01:17.204369
17 Duration: 93.136 ms
18 Changes:
19 ----------
20 diff:
21 ---
22 +++
23 @@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
24 Listen 192.168.137.12:8080
25
26 # MAC IS: 00:0c:29:fd:dd:02
27 +# pillar: httpd
28
29 #
30 # Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
31 ----------
32 ID: php-config
33 Function: file.managed
34 Name: /etc/php.ini
35 Result: True
36 Comment: File /etc/php.ini is in the correct state
37 Started: 12:01:17.297764
38 Duration: 17.209 ms
39 Changes:
40 ----------
41 ID: mysql-config
42 Function: file.managed
43 Name: /etc/my.cnf
44 Result: True
45 Comment: File /etc/my.cnf is in the correct state
46 Started: 12:01:17.315170
47 Duration: 15.217 ms
48 Changes:
49 ----------
50 ID: apache-service
51 Function: service.running
52 Name: httpd
53 Result: True
54 Comment: Service httpd is already enabled, and is running
55 Started: 12:01:17.331369
56 Duration: 184.591 ms
57 Changes:
58 ----------
59 httpd:
60 True
61 ----------
62 ID: mysql-service
63 Function: service.running
64 Name: mariadb
65 Result: True
66 Comment: The service mariadb is already running
67 Started: 12:01:17.516431
68 Duration: 32.057 ms
69 Changes:
70
71 Summary for linux-node2.example.com
72 ------------
73 Succeeded: 6 (changed=2)
74 Failed: 0
75 ------------
76 Total states run: 6
77 Total run time: 1.054 s
View Code
###########################################################################
SaltStack项目实战
1、初始化
一、salt环境配置，定义基础环境、生产环境（base、prod）
|
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8
9
10
|
vim
/etc/salt/master
修改file_roots
file_roots:
base:
-
/srv/salt/base
prod:
-
/srv/salt/prod
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/base
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod
|
pillar配置
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
|
vim
/etc/salt/master
修改pillar_roots
pillar_roots:
base:
-
/srv/pillar/base
pord:
-
/srv/pillar/prod
mkdir
-p
/srv/pillar/base
mkdir
-p
/srv/pillar/prod
|
服务重启 systemctl restart salt-master
二、salt base环境初始化：
|
1
2
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/base/init
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/base/init/files
|
1）dns配置
准备dns配置文件，放入/srv/salt/base/init/files目录下
cp /etc/resolv.conf /srv/salt/base/init/files/
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/init/dns
.sls
/etc/resolv
.conf:
file
.managed:
-
source
: salt:
//init/files/resolv
.conf
- user: root
- gourp: root
- mode: 644
|
2）histroy记录时间
|
1
2
3
4
5
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/init/history
.sls
/etc/profile
:
file
.append:
- text:
-
export
HISTTIMEFORMAT=
"%F %T `whoami` "
|
3）记录命令操做
|
1
2
3
4
5
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/init/audit
.sls
/etc/bashrc
:
file
.append:
- text:
-
export
PROMPT_COMMAND=
'{ msg=$(history 1 | { read x y; echo $y; });logger "[euid=$(whoami)]":$(who am i):[`pwd`]"$msg"; }'
|
4）内核参数优化
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/init/sysctl
.sls
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range:
sysctl.present:
- value: 10000 65000
fs.
file
-max:
sysctl.present:
- value: 2000000
net.ipv4.ip_forward:
sysctl.present:
- value: 1
vm.swappiness:
sysctl.present:
- value: 0
|
5）安装yum仓库
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/init/epel
.sls
yum_repo_release:
pkg.installed:
- sources:
- epel-release: http:
//mirrors
.aliyun.com
/epel/epel-release-latest-7
.noarch.rpm
- unless: rpm -qa |
grep
epel-release-latest-7
|
6）安装zabbix-agent
准备zabbix-agent配置文件，放入/srv/salt/base/init/files目录下
cp /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf /srv/salt/base/init/files/
修改 vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/init/zabbix_agent
.sls
zabbix-agent:
pkg.installed:
- name: zabbix-agent
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd
.conf
-
source
: salt:
//init/files/zabbix_agentd
.conf
- template: jinja
- backup: minion
- defaults:
Server: {{ pillar[
'zabbix-agent'
][
'Zabbix_Server'
] }}
Hostname: {{ grains[
'fqdn'
] }}
- require:
- pkg: zabbix-agent
service.running:
-
enable
: True
-
watch
:
- pkg: zabbix-agent
-
file
: zabbix-agent
zabbix_agentd.d:
file
.directory:
- name:
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd
.d
- watch_in:
- service: zabbix-agent
- require:
- pkg: zabbix-agent
-
file
: zabbix-agent
|
备注：“- backup: minion”表示备份，若是文件改动，会将以前的文件备份到/var/cache/salt/file_backup目录下
7）编写init.sls总文件，引用其它文件
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/init/init
.sls
include:
- init.dns
- init.
history
- init.audit
- init.sysctl
- init.epel
- init.zabbix_agent
|
执行命令： salt "*" state.sls init.init
执行结果
1 linux-node1.example.com:
2 ----------
3 ID: /etc/resolv.conf
4 Function: file.managed
5 Result: True
6 Comment: File /etc/resolv.conf is in the correct state
7 Started: 04:39:32.998314
8 Duration: 181.548 ms
9 Changes:
10 ----------
11 ID: /etc/profile
12 Function: file.append
13 Result: True
14 Comment: File /etc/profile is in correct state
15 Started: 04:39:33.180034
16 Duration: 6.118 ms
17 Changes:
18 ----------
19 ID: /etc/bashrc
20 Function: file.append
21 Result: True
22 Comment: Appended 1 lines
23 Started: 04:39:33.186266
24 Duration: 6.608 ms
25 Changes:
26 ----------
27 diff:
28 ---
29
30 +++
31
32 @@ -90,3 +90,4 @@
33
34 unset -f pathmunge
35 fi
36 # vim:ts=4:sw=4
37 +export PROMPT_COMMAND='{ msg=$(history 1 | { read x y; echo $y; });logger "[euid=$(whoami)]":$(who am i):[`pwd`]"$msg"; }'
38 ----------
39 ID: net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
40 Function: sysctl.present
41 Result: True
42 Comment: Updated sysctl value net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 10000 65000
43 Started: 04:39:33.261448
44 Duration: 212.528 ms
45 Changes:
46 ----------
47 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range:
48 10000 65000
49 ----------
50 ID: fs.file-max
51 Function: sysctl.present
52 Result: True
53 Comment: Updated sysctl value fs.file-max = 2000000
54 Started: 04:39:33.474197
55 Duration: 122.497 ms
56 Changes:
57 ----------
58 fs.file-max:
59 2000000
60 ----------
61 ID: net.ipv4.ip_forward
62 Function: sysctl.present
63 Result: True
64 Comment: Updated sysctl value net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
65 Started: 04:39:33.596905
66 Duration: 35.061 ms
67 Changes:
68 ----------
69 net.ipv4.ip_forward:
70 1
71 ----------
72 ID: vm.swappiness
73 Function: sysctl.present
74 Result: True
75 Comment: Updated sysctl value vm.swappiness = 0
76 Started: 04:39:33.632208
77 Duration: 36.226 ms
78 Changes:
79 ----------
80 vm.swappiness:
81 0
82 ----------
83 ID: yum_repo_release
84 Function: pkg.installed
85 Result: True
86 Comment: All specified packages are already installed
87 Started: 04:39:39.085699
88 Duration: 12627.626 ms
89 Changes:
90 ----------
91 ID: zabbix-agent
92 Function: pkg.installed
93 Result: True
94 Comment: Package zabbix-agent is already installed
95 Started: 04:39:51.713592
96 Duration: 6.677 ms
97 Changes:
98 ----------
99 ID: zabbix-agent
100 Function: file.managed
101 Name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
102 Result: True
103 Comment: File /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf updated
104 Started: 04:39:51.720994
105 Duration: 152.077 ms
106 Changes:
107 ----------
108 diff:
109 ---
110 +++
111 @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
112 #
113 # Mandatory: no
114 # Default:
115 -Server={{ Server }}
116 +Server=192.168.137.11
117
118 ### Option: ListenPort
119 # Agent will listen on this port for connections from the server.
120 ----------
121 ID: zabbix_agentd.d
122 Function: file.directory
123 Name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d
124 Result: True
125 Comment: Directory /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d is in the correct state
126 Started: 04:39:51.875082
127 Duration: 0.908 ms
128 Changes:
129 ----------
130 ID: zabbix-agent
131 Function: service.running
132 Result: True
133 Comment: Service restarted
134 Started: 04:39:51.932698
135 Duration: 205.223 ms
136 Changes:
137 ----------
138 zabbix-agent:
139 True
140
141 Summary for linux-node1.example.com
142 -------------
143 Succeeded: 12 (changed=7)
144 Failed: 0
145 -------------
146 Total states run: 12
147 Total run time: 13.593 s
148 linux-node2.example.com:
149 ----------
150 ID: /etc/resolv.conf
151 Function: file.managed
152 Result: True
153 Comment: File /etc/resolv.conf is in the correct state
154 Started: 12:46:38.639870
155 Duration: 182.254 ms
156 Changes:
157 ----------
158 ID: /etc/profile
159 Function: file.append
160 Result: True
161 Comment: Appended 1 lines
162 Started: 12:46:38.822236
163 Duration: 3.047 ms
164 Changes:
165 ----------
166 diff:
167 ---
168
169 +++
170
171 @@ -74,3 +74,4 @@
172
173
174 unset i
175 unset -f pathmunge
176 +export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T `whoami` "
177 ----------
178 ID: /etc/bashrc
179 Function: file.append
180 Result: True
181 Comment: Appended 1 lines
182 Started: 12:46:38.825423
183 Duration: 3.666 ms
184 Changes:
185 ----------
186 diff:
187 ---
188
189 +++
190
191 @@ -90,3 +90,4 @@
192
193 unset -f pathmunge
194 fi
195 # vim:ts=4:sw=4
196 +export PROMPT_COMMAND='{ msg=$(history 1 | { read x y; echo $y; });logger "[euid=$(whoami)]":$(who am i):[`pwd`]"$msg"; }'
197 ----------
198 ID: net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
199 Function: sysctl.present
200 Result: True
201 Comment: Updated sysctl value net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 10000 65000
202 Started: 12:46:39.011409
203 Duration: 132.499 ms
204 Changes:
205 ----------
206 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range:
207 10000 65000
208 ----------
209 ID: fs.file-max
210 Function: sysctl.present
211 Result: True
212 Comment: Updated sysctl value fs.file-max = 2000000
213 Started: 12:46:39.144117
214 Duration: 33.556 ms
215 Changes:
216 ----------
217 fs.file-max:
218 2000000
219 ----------
220 ID: net.ipv4.ip_forward
221 Function: sysctl.present
222 Result: True
223 Comment: Updated sysctl value net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
224 Started: 12:46:39.177821
225 Duration: 43.489 ms
226 Changes:
227 ----------
228 net.ipv4.ip_forward:
229 1
230 ----------
231 ID: vm.swappiness
232 Function: sysctl.present
233 Result: True
234 Comment: Updated sysctl value vm.swappiness = 0
235 Started: 12:46:39.221788
236 Duration: 39.882 ms
237 Changes:
238 ----------
239 vm.swappiness:
240 0
241 ----------
242 ID: yum_repo_release
243 Function: pkg.installed
244 Result: True
245 Comment: All specified packages are already installed
246 Started: 12:46:47.608597
247 Duration: 13989.554 ms
248 Changes:
249 ----------
250 ID: zabbix-agent
251 Function: pkg.installed
252 Result: True
253 Comment: Package zabbix-agent is already installed
254 Started: 12:47:01.598548
255 Duration: 1.265 ms
256 Changes:
257 ----------
258 ID: zabbix-agent
259 Function: file.managed
260 Name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
261 Result: True
262 Comment: File /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf updated
263 Started: 12:47:01.600712
264 Duration: 82.425 ms
265 Changes:
266 ----------
267 diff:
268 ---
269 +++
270 @@ -90,8 +90,6 @@
271 #
272 # Mandatory: no
273 # Default:
274 -# Server=
275 -
276 Server=192.168.137.11
277
278 ### Option: ListenPort
279 @@ -117,7 +115,7 @@
280 # Mandatory: no
281 # Range: 0-100
282 # Default:
283 -StartAgents=3
284 +# StartAgents=3
285
286 ##### Active checks related
287
288 @@ -133,7 +131,7 @@
289 # Default:
290 # ServerActive=
291
292 -#ServerActive=192.168.137.11
293 +ServerActive=192.168.137.11
294
295 ### Option: Hostname
296 # Unique, case sensitive hostname.
297 @@ -144,7 +142,7 @@
298 # Default:
299 # Hostname=
300
301 -Hostname=linux-node2
302 +Hostname=Zabbix server
303
304 ### Option: HostnameItem
305 # Item used for generating Hostname if it is undefined. Ignored if Hostname is defined.
306 @@ -174,7 +172,7 @@
307 #
308 # Mandatory: no
309 # Default:
310 -HostMetadataItem=system.uname
311 +# HostMetadataItem=
312
313 ### Option: RefreshActiveChecks
314 # How often list of active checks is refreshed, in seconds.
315 ----------
316 ID: zabbix_agentd.d
317 Function: file.directory
318 Name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d
319 Result: True
320 Comment: Directory /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d is in the correct state
321 Started: 12:47:01.684357
322 Duration: 0.93 ms
323 Changes:
324 ----------
325 ID: zabbix-agent
326 Function: service.running
327 Result: True
328 Comment: Service restarted
329 Started: 12:47:01.751277
330 Duration: 275.781 ms
331 Changes:
332 ----------
333 zabbix-agent:
334 True
335
336 Summary for linux-node2.example.com
337 -------------
338 Succeeded: 12 (changed=8)
339 Failed: 0
340 -------------
341 Total states run: 12
342 Total run time: 14.788 s
View Code
8）建立top文件
|
1
2
3
4
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/top
.sls
base:
'*'
:
- init.init
|
测试 salt "*" state.highstate test=True
执行 salt "*" state.highstate
三、pillar base初始化
1）zabbix agent配置，指定zabbix server地址，用于sls文件引用
|
1
2
3
4
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/pillar/base/zabbix
vi
/srv/pillar/base/zabbix/agent
.sls
zabbix-agent:
Zabbix_Server: 192.168.137.11
|
编写top，引用/srv/pillar/base/zabbix/agent文件
|
1
2
3
4
|
vi
/srv/pillar/base/top
.sls
base:
'*'
:
- zabbix.agent
|
测试 salt '*' pillar.items
2、haproxy
官网 http://www.haproxy.com/
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/haproxy
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/keepalived
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/memcached
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/nginx
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/php
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/pkg
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/cluster
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/haproxy/files/
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/cluster/files
|
1）系统gcc编译包等
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
vi
/srv/salt/prod/pkg/make
.sls
make
-pkg:
pkg.installed:
- names:
-
gcc
-
gcc
-c++
- glibc
-
make
- autoconf
- openssl
- openssl-devel
- pcre
- pcre-devel
|
2） 自安装
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
cd
/usr/local/src
tar
xvf haproxy-1.6.3.
tar
.gz
cd
haproxy-1.6.3/
make
TARGET=linux2628 PREFIX=
/usr/local/haproxy-1
.6.3
make
install
PREFIX=
/usr/local/haproxy-1
.6.3
ln
-s
/usr/local/haproxy-1
.6.3
/usr/local/haproxy
|
修改启动脚本，放入salt下
|
1
2
3
|
vi
/usr/local/src/haproxy-1
.6.3
/examples/haproxy
.init
BIN=
/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/
$BASENAME
cp
/usr/local/src/haproxy-1
.6.3
/examples/haproxy
.init
/srv/salt/prod/modules/haproxy/files/
|
haproxy-1.6.3.tar.gz安装包放入/srv/salt/prod/modules/haproxy/files/目录下
3）建立install.sls文件，用于安装haproxy
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
|
vi
/srv/salt/prod/modules/haproxy/install
.sls
include:
- modules.pkg.
make
haproxy-
install
:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/src/haproxy-1
.6.3.
tar
.gz
-
source
: salt:
//modules/haproxy/files/haproxy-1
.6.3.
tar
.gz
- mode: 755
- user: root
- group: root
cmd.run:
- name:
cd
/usr/local/src
&&
tar
zxf haproxy-1.6.3.
tar
.gz &&
cd
haproxy-1.6.3 &&
make
TARGET=linux2628 PREFIX=
/usr/local/haproxy-1
.6.3 &&
make
install
PREFIX=
/usr/local/haproxy-1
.6.3 &&
ln
-s
/usr/local/haproxy-1
.6.3
/usr/local/haproxy
- unless:
test
-L
/usr/local/haproxy
- require:
- pkg:
make
-pkg
-
file
: haproxy-
install
haproxy-init:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/init
.d
/haproxy
-
source
: salt:
//modules/haproxy/files/haproxy
.init
- mode: 755
- user: root
- group: root
- require_in:
-
file
: haproxy-
install
cmd.run:
- name: chkconfig --add haproxy
- unless: chkconfig --list|
grep
haproxy
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind:
sysctl.present:
- value: 1
haproxy-config-
dir
:
file
.directory:
- name:
/etc/haproxy
- mode: 755
- user: root
- group: root
|
备注： “- unless” 若是unless后面的命令返回为True，那么就不执行当前状态命令
4）建立haproxy配置文件
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
|
vi
/srv/salt/prod/cluster/files/haproxy-outside
.cfg
global
maxconn 100000
chroot
/usr/local/haproxy
uid 99
gid 99
daemon
nbproc 1
pidfile
/usr/local/haproxy/logs/haproxy
.pid
log 127.0.0.1 local3 info
defaults
option http-keep-alive
maxconn 100000
mode http
timeout connect 5000ms
timeout client 50000ms
timeout server 50000ms
listen stats
mode http
bind 0.0.0.0:8888
stats
enable
stats uri
/haproxy-status
stats auth haproxy:saltstack
frontend frontend_www_example_com
bind 192.168.137.21:80
mode http
option httplog
log global
default_backend backend_www_example_com
backend backend_www_example_com
option forwardfor header X-REAL-IP
option httpchk HEAD / HTTP
/1
.0
balance
source
server web-node1 192.168.137.11:8080 check inter 2000 rise 30 fall 15
server web-node2 192.168.137.12:8080 check inter 2000 rise 30 fall 15
|
建立haproxy-outside.sls文件，用于配置haproxy
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
|
vi
/srv/salt/prod/cluster/haproxy-outside
.sls
include:
- modules.haproxy.
install
haproxy-service:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/haproxy/haproxy
.cfg
-
source
: salt:
//cluster/files/haproxy-outside
.cfg
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
service.running:
- name: haproxy
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
- require:
- cmd: haproxy-
install
-
watch
:
-
file
: haproxy-service
|
5）配置top file
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
vi
/srv/pillar/base/top
.sls
base:
'*'
:
- zabbix.agent
prod:
'linux-node*'
:
- cluster.haproxy-outside
|
测试 salt "*" state.highstate test=True
执行 salt "*" state.highstate
结果：
3、keepalived
1）建立files目录，将keepalived-1.2.17.tar.gz安装包、keepalived.sysconfig、keepalived.init放入
|
1
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/keepalived/files
|
2）建立install.sls文件
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
|
vi
/srv/salt/prod/modules/keepalived/install
.sls
{%
set
keepalived_tar =
'keepalived-1.2.17.tar.gz'
%}
{%
set
keepalived_source =
'salt://modules/keepalived/files/keepalived-1.2.17.tar.gz'
%}
keepalived-
install
:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/src/
{{ keepalived_tar }}
-
source
: {{ keepalived_source }}
- mode: 755
- user: root
- group: root
cmd.run:
- name:
cd
/usr/local/src
&&
tar
zxf {{ keepalived_tar }} &&
cd
keepalived-1.2.17 && .
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/keepalived
--disable-fwmark &&
make
&&
make
install
- unless:
test
-d
/usr/local/keepalived
- require:
-
file
: keepalived-
install
/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
:
file
.managed:
-
source
: salt:
//modules/keepalived/files/keepalived
.sysconfig
- mode: 644
- user: root
- group: root
/etc/init
.d
/keepalived
:
file
.managed:
-
source
: salt:
//modules/keepalived/files/keepalived
.init
- mode: 755
- user: root
- group: root
keepalived-init:
cmd.run:
- name: chkconfig --add keepalived
- unless: chkconfig --list |
grep
keepalived
- require:
-
file
:
/etc/init
.d
/keepalived
/etc/keepalived
:
file
.directory:
- user: root
- group: root
|
执行命令：salt '*' state.sls modules.keepalived.install saltenv=prod
3）建立keepalived配置文件haproxy-outside-keepalived.conf
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
|
! Configuration File
for
keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
saltstack@example.com
}
notification_email_from keepalived@example.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id {{ROUTEID}}
}
vrrp_instance haproxy_ha {
state {{STATEID}}
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 36
priority {{PRIORITYID}}
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.137.21
}
}
|
建立haproxy-outside-keepalived.sls
|
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2
3
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5
6
7
8
9
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11
12
13
14
15
16
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18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
|
vi
/srv/salt/prod/cluster/haproxy-outside-keepalived
.sls
include:
- modules.keepalived.
install
keepalived-server:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/keepalived/keepalived
.conf
-
source
: salt:
//cluster/files/haproxy-outside-keepalived
.conf
- mode: 644
- user: root
- group: root
- template: jinja
{%
if
grains[
'fqdn'
] ==
'linux-node1.example.com'
%}
- ROUTEID: haproxy_ha
- STATEID: MASTER
- PRIORITYID: 150
{%
elif
grains[
'fqdn'
] ==
'linux-node2.example.com'
%}
- ROUTEID: haproxy_ha
- STATEID: BACKUP
- PRIORITYID: 100
{% endif %}
service.running:
- name: keepalived
-
enable
: True
-
watch
:
-
file
: keepalived-server
|
4）将keepalived加入top FILE
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/top
.sls
base:
'*'
:
- init.init
prod:
'linux-node*'
:
- cluster.haproxy-outside
- cluster.haproxy-outside-keepalived
|
测试 salt "*" state.highstate test=True
执行 salt "*" state.highstate
##########################################################################
4、memcached
1）建立www用户
|
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/user
vi
/srv/salt/prod/modules/user/www
.sls
www-user-group:
group.present:
- name: www
- gid: 1000
user.present:
- name: www
- fullname: www
- shell:
/sbin/nologin
- uid: 1000
- gid: 1000
|
2）libevent，将安装包放入/srv/salt/prod/modules/libevent/files
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/libevent/files
vi
/srv/salt/prod/modules/libevent/install
.sls
libevent-
source
-
install
:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/src/libevent-2
.0.22-stable.
tar
.gz
-
source
: salt:
//modules/libevent/files/libevent-2
.0.22-stable.
tar
.gz
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
cmd.run:
- name:
cd
/usr/local/src
&&
tar
zxf libevent-2.0.22-stable.
tar
.gz &&
cd
libevent-2.0.22-stable && .
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/libevent
&&
make
&&
make
install
- unless:
test
-d
/usr/local/libevent
- require:
-
file
: libevent-
source
-
install
|
3）建立files目录，将memcached-1.4.24.tar.gz安装包放入
|
1
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/memcached/files
|
4）建立install.sls文件
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
|
vi
/srv/salt/prod/modules/memcached/install
.sls
include:
- modules.libevent.
install
memcached-
source
-
install
:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/src/memcached-1
.4.24.
tar
.gz
-
source
: salt:
//modules/memcached/files/memcached-1
.4.24.
tar
.gz
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
cmd.run:
- name:
cd
/usr/local/src
&&
tar
zxf memcached-1.4.24.
tar
.gz &&
cd
memcached-1.4.24&& .
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/memcached
--
enable
-64bit --with-libevent=
/usr/local/libevent
&&
make
&&
make
install
- unless:
test
-d
/usr/local/memcached
- require:
- cmd: libevent-
source
-
install
-
file
: memcached-
source
-
install
|
5）负责业务部分的放入一个目录，如bbs
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/bbs
vi
/srv/salt/prod/bbs/memcached
.sls
include:
- modules.memcached.
install
- modules.user.www
memcached-service:
cmd.run:
- name:
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached
-d -m 128 -p 11211 -c 8096 -u www
- unless:
netstat
-ntlp |
grep
11211
- require:
- cmd: memcached-
source
-
install
- user: www-user-group
|
6）将memcached加入top FILE
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
vi
/srv/salt/base/top
.sls
base:
'*'
:
- init.init
prod:
'linux-node*'
:
- cluster.haproxy-outside
- cluster.haproxy-outside-keepalived
'linux-node2*'
:
- bbs.memcached
|
测试 salt "*" state.highstate test=True
执行 salt "*" state.highstate
5、php
1）php安装包和相关文件放入/srv/salt/prod/modules/php/files
|
1
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/php/files
|
2）建立install.sls
vi /srv/salt/prod/modules/php/install.sls
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
|
include:
- modules.pkg.
make
- modules.user.www
pkg-php:
pkg.installed:
- names:
- swig
- libjpeg-turbo
- libjpeg-turbo-devel
- libpng
- libpng-devel
- freetype
- freetype-devel
- libxml2
- libxml2-devel
- zlib
- zlib-devel
- libcurl
- libcurl-devel
php-
source
-
install
:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/src/php-5
.6.9.
tar
.gz
-
source
: salt:
//modules/php/files/php-5
.6.9.
tar
.gz
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 755
cmd.run:
- name:
cd
/usr/local/src
&&
tar
zxf php-5.6.9.
tar
.gz &&
cd
php-5.6.9&& .
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/php-fastcgi
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-jpeg-
dir
--with-png-
dir
--with-zlib --
enable
-xml --with-libxml-
dir
--with-curl --
enable
-bcmath --
enable
-shmop --
enable
-sysvsem --
enable
-inline-optimization --
enable
-mbregex --with-openssl --
enable
-mbstring --with-gd --
enable
-gd-native-ttf --with-freetype-
dir
=
/usr/lib64
--with-gettext=
/usr/lib64
--
enable
-sockets --with-xmlrpc --
enable
-zip --
enable
-soap --disable-debug --
enable
-opcache --
enable
-zip --with-config-
file
-path=
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/etc
--
enable
-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www &&
make
&&
make
install
- require:
-
file
: php-
source
-
install
- user: www-user-group
- unless:
test
-d
/usr/local/php-fastcgi
pdo-plugin:
cmd.run:
- name:
cd
/usr/local/src/php-5
.6.9
/ext/pdo_mysql/
&&
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/bin/phpize
&& .
/configure
--with-php-config=
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/bin/php-config
&&
make
&&
make
install
- unless:
test
-f
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/lib/php/extensions/
*
/pdo_mysql
.so
- require:
- cmd: php-
source
-
install
php-fpm:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/etc/php-fpm
.conf
-
source
: salt:
//modules/php/files/php-fpm
.conf.default
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
php-fastcgi-service:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/init
.d
/php-fpm
-
source
: salt:
//modules/php/files/init
.d.php-fpm
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 755
cmd.run:
- name: chkconfig --add php-fpm
- unless: chkconfig --list |
grep
php-fpm
- require:
-
file
: php-fastcgi-service
|
建立php-memcache.sls
vi /srv/salt/prod/modules/php/php-memcache.sls
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
memcache-plugin:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/src/memcache-2
.2.7.tgz
-
source
: salt:
//modules/php/files/memcache-2
.2.7.tgz
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 755
cmd.run:
- name:
cd
/usr/local/src
&&
tar
zxf memcache-2.2.7.tgz &&
cd
memcache-2.2.7&&
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/bin/phpize
&& .
/configure
--
enable
-memcache --with-php-config=
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/bin/php-config
&&
make
&&
make
install
- unless:
test
-f
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/lib/php/extensions/
*
/memcache
.so
require:
-
file
: memcache-plugin
- cmd: php-
install
|
建立php-redis.sls
vi /srv/salt/prod/modules/php/php-redis.sls
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
redis-plugin:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/src/redis-2
.2.7.tgz
-
source
: salt:
//modules/php/files/redis-2
.2.7.tgz
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 755
cmd.run:
- name:
cd
/usr/local/src
&&
tar
zxf redis-2.2.7.tgz &&
cd
redis-2.2.7&&
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/bin/phpize
&& .
/configure
--with-php-config=
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/bin/php-config
&&
make
&&
make
install
- unless:
test
-f
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/lib/php/extensions/
*
/redis
.so
require:
-
file
: redis-plugin
- cmd: php-
install
|
执行命令：salt '*' state.sls modules.php.install saltenv=prod
6、nginx
1）nginx安装包和相关文件放入/srv/salt/prod/modules/nginx/files
|
1
|
mkdir
-p
/srv/salt/prod/modules/nginx/files
|
2）建立install.sls
vi /srv/salt/prod/modules/nginx/install.sls
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
|
include:
- modules.pkg.
make
- modules.user.www
nginx-
source
-
install
:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/src/nginx-1
.9.1.
tar
.gz
-
source
: salt:
//modules/nginx/files/nginx-1
.9.1.
tar
.gz
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 755
cmd.run:
- name:
cd
/usr/local/src
&&
tar
zxf nginx-1.9.1.
tar
.gz &&
cd
nginx-1.9.1&& .
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/nginx
--user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-
file
-aio --with-http_dav_module &&
make
&&
make
install
&&
chown
-R www:www
/usr/local/nginx
- unless:
test
-d
/usr/local/nginx
- require:
- user: www-user-group
-
file
: nginx-
source
-
install
- pkg:
make
-pkg
|
建立service.sls
vi /srv/salt/prod/modules/nginx/service.sls
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
|
include:
- modules.nginx.
install
nginx-init:
file
.managed:
- name:
/etc/init
.d
/nginx
-
source
: salt:
//modules/nginx/files/nginx-init
- mode: 755
- user: root
- group: root
cmd.run:
- name: chkconfig --add nginx
- unless: chkconfig --list |
grep
nginx
- require:
-
file
: nginx-init
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx
.conf:
file
.managed:
-
source
: salt:
//modules/nginx/files/nginx
.conf
- user: www
- group: www
- mode: 644
nginx-service:
service.running:
- name: nginx
-
enable
: True
- reload: True
- require:
- cmd: nginx-init
-
watch
:
-
file
:
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx
.conf
-
file
: nginx-online
nginx-online:
file
.directory:
- name:
/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost_online
nginx-offline:
file
.directory:
- name:
/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost_offline
|
执行命令：salt '*' state.sls modules.nginx.install saltenv=prod
4）/srv/salt/prod/bbs/files/nginx-bbs.conf
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
server {
listen 8080;
root
/usr/local/nginx/html
;
index index.htm index.html index.php;
location ~ \.php$
{
fastcgi_pass unix:
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/php-fpm
.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
}
|
5）/srv/salt/prod/bbs目录下建立web.sls
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
|
include:
- modules.php.
install
- modules.php.php-memcache
- modules.php.php-redis
- modules.nginx.service
bbs-php:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/php-fastcgi/etc/php
.ini
-
source
: salt:
//bbs/files/php
.ini-production
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
service.running:
- name: php-fpm
-
enable
: True
- require:
- cmd: php-fastcgi-service
-
watch
:
-
file
: bbs-php
web-bbs:
file
.managed:
- name:
/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost_online/bbs
.conf
-
source
: salt:
//bbs/files/nginx-bbs
.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
- require:
- service: bbs-php
- watch_in:
- service: nginx-service
|
执行命令：salt '*' state.sls bbs.web saltenv=prod
6）将php、nginx加入top FILE
vi /srv/salt/base/top.sls
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
base:
'*'
:
- init.init
prod:
'linux-node*'
:
- cluster.haproxy-outside
- cluster.haproxy-outside-keepalived
- bbs.web
'linux-node2*'
:
- bbs.memcached
|
测试 salt "*" state.highstate test=True
执行 salt "*" state.highstate
###########################################################################
SaltStack之Job管理和Runner
配置文件/etc/salt/master
|
1
2
|
cachedir:
/var/cache/salt/master
keep_jobs: 24
|
salt执行模块官方文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/modules/all/index.html
1）数据库表结构建立可参考 http://www.cnblogs.com/shhnwangjian/p/5986964.html 的第三节“返回程序”
2）yum install -y MySQL-python 建立python的mysql模块
3）修改master配置文件
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
vi
/etc/salt/master
master_job_cache: mysql
mysql.host:
'192.168.137.11'
mysql.user:
'salt'
mysql.pass:
'salt@pw'
mysql.db:
'salt'
mysql.port: 3306
|
4）重启 systemctl restart salt-master.service
5）测试：
|
1
2
|
salt
'*'
test
.
ping
数据中查询
select
* from salt_returns;
|
文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/modules/all/salt.modules.saltutil.html#module-salt.modules.saltutil
salt '*' saltutil.running # 查看正在运行的任务，找到jid
salt '*' saltutil.kill_job jid # 根据jid杀掉任务
salt '*' saltutil.clear_cache # 清除minion缓存
备注：
1）正在执行的salt任务，job id会存在minion端的/var/cache/salt/minion/proc目录下
2）正在执行的salt任务，根据上面master cache的配置，Job的路径/var/cache/salt/master/jobs目录下
salt runners
官方文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/runners/index.html
命令：salt-run
举例：
|
1
2
|
salt-run jobs.list_jobs
salt-run jobs.lookup_jid jid
|
备注： 咱们经过salt命令开头执行时，全部的命令master端分发至minion端，由minion端本身执行，若是一个模块在master存在，在minion端不存在，就会出现执行失败的状况。为了解决这个问题，提供salt runners模块，它是将全部的命令在master端执行。
salt-run manage.status # 查看minion的状态
|
1
2
|
salt-run manage.down
salt-run manage.up
|
salt-run manage.versions # 查看minion的版本
#######################################################################
SaltStack之无Master和多Master
实现方式：
1）关闭minion进程
2）修改配置文件
|
1
2
|
vi
/etc/salt/minion
file_client:
local
|
备注：其它配置项如file_roots、pillar_roots跟master同样，区别在于上面的配置项，将从master获取cache数据，改为了从本地获取cache数据。
3）编写SLS文件
4）执行命令：salt-call --local state.highstate
实现方式：
1）minion配置
|
1
2
3
4
|
vi
/etc/salt/minion
master:
- 192.168.137.11
- 192.168.137.21
|
2）SLS使用git或者SVN管理
另外一种方式： NFS共享keys 、file_roots、pillar_roots，可是不安全。
###################################################################
使用条件：
一、salt syndic必须运行在一台master上
二、salt syndic必须依赖更高级的master
安装
|
1
|
yum
install
-y salt-syndic
|
配置
|
1
2
|
vi
/etc/salt/master
syndic_master: 192.168.137.12
|
备注：syndic和master共用一个配置文件
重启master： systemctl restart salt-master
启动sydic： systemctl start salt-syndic
更高级master修改配置（上图中第一排的master）
|
1
2
|
vi
/etc/salt/master
order_masters: True
|
启动高级master：systemctl start salt-master
使用
1）认证，master与syndic须要认证
2）master执行命令，经过syndic分发到个minion，而后返回结果
重点：syndic的file_roots和pillar_rotts必须与高级master一致。
缺点：高级master并不知道本身到底有多少minion。
#################################################################
安装
官方文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/topics/ssh/index.html
配置
管理/etc/salt/roster文件，配置须要管理的全部主机
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
|
vi
/etc/salt/roster
linux-node1.example.com:
host: 192.168.137.11
user: root
port: 22
linux-node2.example.com:
host: 192.168.137.12
user: root
port: 22
|
如何经过证书认证？
1）执行 salt-ssh '*' test.ping -i，提示输入密码；
2）用户输入一次密码后salt-ssh会将公钥发送到对应主机，例如:/root/.ssh/authorized_keys；
3）/etc/salt/pki/master/ssh目录下存master公钥和私钥。
备注：取消证书提示
|
1
2
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vi
/root/
.
ssh
/config
StricHostKeyChecking no
|
命令
使用场景
一、不使用minion，经过salt-ssh控制全部主机
二、minion升级、重启，经过salt-ssh能够实现
###########################################################################
Saltstack-API
官方文档 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/netapi/all/salt.netapi.rest_cherrypy.html
参数：http://salt-api.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ref/netapis/all/saltapi.netapi.rest_cherrypy.html#a-rest-api-for-salt
使用条件：1）https调用，须要生成证书 2）配置文件 3）使用PAM验证 4）启动salt-api
安装
实现方式
1）建立用户useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin saltapi
2）设置密码passwd saltapi
3）生成自签名证书
cd /etc/pki/tls/certs
mv localhost.crt /tmp
make testcert
cd /etc/pki/tls/private
若是上面生成证书时输入了密码，须要取消密码
openssl rsa -in localhost.key -out salt_nopass.key
4）安装Cherrypy模块，版本3.2.6
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pip
install
Cherrypy==3.2.6
|
备注：centos六、7可使用3.2.6版本，centos5安装时不要选版本号
5）修改master配置文件
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vi
/etc/salt/master
default_include: master.d/*.conf
|
6）建立api配置文件
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7
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cd
/etc/salt/master
.d/
vi
api.conf
rest_cherrypy:
host: 192.168.137.11
port: 8000
ssl_crt:
/etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost
.crt
ssl_key:
/etc/pki/tls/private/salt_nopass
.key
|
备注：若是加disable_ssl: True，能够经过http请求。
性能优化：
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thread_pool: 100
socket_queue_size: 30
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7）认证文件
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7
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vi
eauth.conf
external_auth:
pam:
saltapi:
- .*
-
'@wheel'
-
'@runner'
|
备注： .* # 全部模块可执行， '@wheel' # salt key
centos5.9上yum安装的salt，eauth.conf配置须要注意，以下配置
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external_auth:
pam:
saltapi:
- .*
-
'@local'
-
'@local_async'
-
'@wheel'
-
'@wheel_async'
-
'@runner'
-
'@runner_async'
|
8）重启master
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systemctl restart salt-master.service
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9）启动api
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systemctl restart salt-api
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10）须要修改master的配置对saltapi用户进行受权
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9
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[root@test1 ~]
external_auth:
pam:
saltapi:
- .*
-
'@wheel'
[root@test1 ~]
Stopping salt-master daemon: [ OK ]
Starting salt-master daemon: [ OK ]
|
使用介绍
1）登陆测试，使用curl请求
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curl -k https:
//192
.168.137.11:8000
/login
\
-H
'Accept: application/x-yaml'
\
-d username=saltapi \
-d password=saltapi \
-d eauth=pam
|
登陆成功后系统返回token，用于后续交互使用。
2）获取minion资产数据测试，节点为linux-node1.example.com主机
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curl -k https:
//192
.168.137.11:8000
/minions/linux-node1
.example.com \
-H
'Accept: application/x-yaml'
\
-H
'X-Auth-Token: token内容'
|
3）查看全部minion存活主机
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curl -k https:
//192
.168.137.11:8000/ \
-H
'Accept: application/x-yaml'
\
-H
'X-Auth-Token: token内容'
\
-d client=
'runner'
\
-d fun=
'manage.status'
|
备注：client='runner'指的是在master执行，client='local'指的是在minion执行
4）ping测试
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curl -k https:
//192
.168.137.11:8000/ \
-H
'Accept: application/x-yaml'
\
-H
'X-Auth-Token: token内容'
\
-d client=
'local'
\
-d tgt=
'*'
\
-d fun=
'test.ping'
|
tgt表示目标，能够指定某一台minion
5）查看jobs
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curl -k https:
//192
.168.137.11:8000
/jobs
\
-H
'Accept: application/x-yaml'
\
-H
'X-Auth-Token: token内容'
|
6）查看具体一个jobs的执行结果
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curl -k https:
//192
.168.137.11:8000
/jobs/jobid
\
-H
'Accept: application/x-yaml'
\
-H
'X-Auth-Token: token内容'
|
#############################################################
Saltstack异步执行命令
salt执行命令有时候会有超时的问题，就是命令下发下去了，部分主机没有返回信息，这时候就很难判断命令或任务是否执行成功。所以，salt提供异步执行的功能，发出命令后当即返回一个jid。而后咱们就能够根据这个jid来查询任务是否执行成功。
命令行实现异步
参数--async，返回job ID，根据job ID咱们能够查询执行结果。
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|
salt --async
'*'
test
.
ping
|
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|
salt-run jobs.lookup_jid 20161117163153353501
|
-v参数在返回结果的同时，一同返回本次任务的jid，若是超时仍是会返回jid
API实现异步
任务执行代码样例，经过async方法执行异步命令获取返回job id，经过job方法查看执行结果。
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import
requests
import
json
def async(fun, tgt):
""
"
异步任务，获取jid
""
"
params = {
'client'
:
'local_async'
,
'fun'
: fun,
'tgt'
: tgt}
headers = {
'X-Auth-Token'
: 登录时获取的token}
try:
ret = requests.post(https:
//ip
:port/, data=params, headers=headers, verify=False)
ret = json.loads(ret.text)
return
ret[
'return'
][0][
'jid'
]
except Exception as err:
print err
def jobs_all(jid=None):
""
"
job_id=None, 查看salt cache中全部的job任务的执行结果
job_id传值时，查看指定job
id
的执行结果
""
"
headers = {
'X-Auth-Token'
: 登录时获取的token}
try:
if
jid is None:
ret = requests.get(https:
//ip
:port
/jobs
, headers=headers, verify=False)
else
:
ret = requests.get(
'https://ip:port/jobs'
+ jid, headers=headers, verify=False)
ret = json.loads(ret.text)
return
ret
except Exception as err:
logger.error(err)
jid = async(
'test.ping'
,
'*'
)
jobs_all()
jobs_all(jid=jid)
|
查看官方文档获取详细帮助 https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/netapi/all/salt.netapi.rest_cherrypy.html#id1
#######################################################################
在windows下经过Salt-Minion-xxxx.xx.x-AMD64-Setup.exe安装salt-minion的时候，默认是安装并开机启动salt-minion服务。可是若是以服务的方式启动salt-minion的话，windows的可视化操做是不能被控制的。为了可以经过salt-minion来操控windows的可视化界面，须要禁用salt-minion服务，而且用进程的方式启动salt-minion。
解决方案
1. 开始>>运行>>services.msc 将salt-minion服务给中止并将启动类型设为手动
2.命令行方式运行C:\salt\salt-minion.exe
3.将C:\salt\salt-minion.exe加入启动，之后服务器重启能够实现salt自启动