DRF限制访问频次

官方文档:https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/throttling/django

一、什么场景下须要限制访问频次呢?api

  1)防爬虫:爬虫可能会在短期内大量的访问服务接口,增长服务器压力服务器

  2)对于须要限制访问频次的接口ide

二、DRF如何限速:函数

  经过 rest_framework下面的throttling 模块实现ui

  throttling模块主要提供了三种限速方式:spa

    

  1)AnonRateThrottle3d

    针对未登陆用户的限速,经过IP地址区分用户rest

  2)UserRateThrottle:code

    针对已登陆用户,经过user id来区分用户

  3)ScopedRateThrottle:

    限制用于对于每一个视图的访问频次,经过ip地址或者useid来区分

  使用方法:

    1)在配置文件中配置须要使用什么类型的限速,以及限制的访问频次

      访问频次单位有:second,minute,hour和day

      

    2)在对应的视图函数中使用

    throttle_classes = (AnonRateThrottle,)
from rest_framework.throttling import AnonRateThrottle
class GoodListView(APIView):
    throttle_classes = (AnonRateThrottle,)
    @cache_response(cache_errors=False)
    def get(self, request, format=None):
        print(request.query_params)
        goods = Goods.objects.all()[:10]
        goods_serializer = GoodListSerializer1(goods, many=True)
        return Response(goods_serializer.data)

    3)使用装饰器

      @throttle_class([AnonRateThrottle,])

from rest_framework.decorators import throttle_classes

@throttle_classes([AnonRateThrottle,])
class GoodListView(APIView):
    # throttle_classes = (AnonRateThrottle,)
    @cache_response(cache_errors=False)
    def get(self, request, format=None):
        print(request.query_params)
        goods = Goods.objects.all()[:10]
        goods_serializer = GoodListSerializer1(goods, many=True)
        return Response(goods_serializer.data)

    4)对于ScopedRateThrottle,可用于限制访问指定的API,仅当访问的视同中包含 throttle_scope属性时,才会应用此限制

class ContactListView(APIView):
    throttle_scope = 'contacts'
    pass

class ContactDetailView(APIView):
    throttle_scope = 'contacts'
    pass

class UploadView(APIView):
    throttle_scope = 'uploads'
    pass

    而后在settings中配置以下:

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.throttling.ScopedRateThrottle',
    ),
    'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': {
        'contacts': '1000/day',
        'uploads': '20/day'
    }
}

    在上面的视图中,ContactListView和ContactDetailView两个视图中,throttle_scope都是contacts,settings中,设置的contacts频率限制为1000次天天,因此ContactListView和ContactDetailView两个视图函数加起来一天的访问次数不能超过1000次

    UploadView的访问次数,不能超过20次天天

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